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絲

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:丝,糸,and𢇁

絲	U+7D72,絲 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7D72

←統
[U+7D71]

CJK Unified Ideographs

絳 →
[U+7D73]

Translingual

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Traditional	絲
Simplified	丝
Japanese	糸
Korean	絲

Kangxi Dictionary:page 924, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27448
Dae Jaweon: page 1359, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3401, character 1
Unihan data for U+7D72

Chinese

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trad.		絲
simp.		丝
alternative forms		𢇁𢇃糸

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character絲
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)	Liushutong (compiled inMing)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the samephonetic series (絲)(Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
絲	*slɯ
蕬	*slɯ
鷥	*slɯ

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 糸 + 糸.

Etymology

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin):sī (si¹)
(Zhuyin):ㄙ
(Chengdu,Sichuanese Pinyin):si¹
(Xi'an,Guanzhong Pinyin):sǐ
(Dungan,Cyrillic andWiktionary):сы (sɨ, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong,Jyutping):si¹
(Dongguan,Jyutping++):sai¹
(Taishan,Wiktionary):lhu¹
Gan(Wiktionary):si¹
Hakka
(Sixian,PFS):sṳ̂ / sî
(Hailu,HRS):sii^ˋ / si^ˋ
(Meixian,Guangdong):si¹
Jin(Wiktionary):si¹
Northern Min(KCR):sí
Eastern Min(BUC):sĭ
Puxian Min(Pouseng Ping'ing):si¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien,POJ):si /su
(Teochew,Peng'im):si¹
(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin):xi¹
Wu(Wugniu)
- (Northern):¹sy
- (Jinhua):¹sy
Xiang(Changsha,Wiktionary):sr¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:sī
  - Zhuyin:ㄙ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:sih
  - Wade–Giles:ssŭ¹
  - Yale:sz̄
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:sy
  - Palladius:сы(sy)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/sz̩⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin:si¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz:s
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/sz̩⁵⁵/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin:sǐ
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/sz̩²¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic andWiktionary:сы (sɨ, I)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/sz̩²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:si¹
  - Yale:sī
  - Cantonese Pinyin:si¹
  - Guangdong Romanization:xi¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/siː⁵⁵/
- (Dongguan,Guancheng)
  - Jyutping++:sai¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/sɐi²¹³/
- (Taishanese,Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary:lhu¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ɬu³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary:si¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/sz̩⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl.Miaoli andNeipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:sṳ̂ / sî
  - Hakka Romanization System:sii^ˊ / xi^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim:si¹ / xi¹
  - SinologicalIPA:/sɨ²⁴/, /si²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl.Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System:sii^ˋ / si^ˋ
  - SinologicalIPA:/sɨ⁵³/, /si⁵³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong:si¹
  - SinologicalIPA:/sz̩⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary:si¹
  - SinologicalIPA (old-style):/sz̩¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized:sí
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/si⁵⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê:sĭ
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/si⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian,Jiangkou,Nanri,Donghai)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:si¹
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍:si
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ɬi⁵³³/
- (Xianyou,Fengting)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:si¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ɬi⁵⁴⁴/
- (Youyang)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:si¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/θi⁵⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Quanzhou,Zhangzhou,GeneralTaiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:si
  - Tâi-lô:si
  - Phofsit Daibuun:sy
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Zhangzhou,Taipei,Kaohsiung):/si⁴⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Quanzhou):/si³³/
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:su
  - Tâi-lô:su
  - Phofsit Daibuun:sw
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Zhangzhou):/su⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im:si¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:si
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/si³³/
- (Leizhou)
  - Leizhou Pinyin:xi¹
  - SinologicalIPA:/si³⁵/
Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai,Jiading,Songjiang,Chongming,Suzhou,Changzhou,Jiaxing,Hangzhou,Shaoxing,Ningbo,Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu:¹sy
  - MiniDict:sy^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):¹sr
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/sz̩⁵³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Jiading):/sz̩⁵³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Songjiang):/sz̩⁵³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Chongming):/sz̩⁵⁵/
  - SinologicalIPA (Suzhou):/sz̩⁴⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Changzhou):/sz̩⁵⁵/
  - SinologicalIPA (Jiaxing):/sz̩⁵³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Hangzhou):/sz̩³³⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Shaoxing):/sz̩⁵²/
  - SinologicalIPA (Ningbo):/sz̩⁵²/
  - SinologicalIPA (Zhoushan):/sz̩⁵³/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu:¹sy
  - SinologicalIPA (Jinhua):/sz̩³³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary:sr¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/sz̩³³/

Middle Chinese:si

Rime
Character	絲
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	息兹切
Baxter	si
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɨ/
Pan Wuyun	/sɨ/
Shao Rongfen	/sie/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɨ/
Li Rong	/siə/
Wang Li	/sĭə/
Bernhard Karlgren	/si/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	si¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart):/*[s]ə/
(Zhengzhang):/*slɯ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	絲
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	sī
Middle Chinese	‹ si ›
Old Chinese	/*[s]ə/
English	silk
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	絲
Reading #	1/1
No.	12003
Phonetic component	絲
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	思
Old Chinese	/*slɯ/

Definitions

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絲

silk(fibre, cloth, fabrics, etc.)
蠶絲／蚕丝 ― cánsī ― naturalsilk
絲織品／丝织品 ― sīzhīpǐn ― silk fabric;silk knit goods
絲帶／丝带 ― sīdài ― silk ribbon
絲綢之路／丝绸之路 ― Sīchóu zhī Lù ― Silk Road
thread;thread/silk-like objects;string;thinstrip; thinshred
蜘蛛絲／蜘蛛丝 ― zhīzhūsī ― spidersilk; cobweb
鐵絲／铁丝 ― tiěsī ― ironwire
鎢絲／钨丝 ― wūsī ― tungstenfilament
髮絲／发丝 ― fàsī ― hairstrand
粉絲／粉丝 ― fěnsī ― vermicelli
1. (cooking)shreds;julienne strips
  肉絲／肉丝 ― ròusī ― shredded meat
  筍絲／笋丝 ― sǔnsī ― sliced bamboo shoots
  切絲／切丝 ― qiēsī ― to cut intoshreds; tojulienne
(music)string instrument
絲竹／丝竹 ― sīzhú ― string and wind instruments; music
trace;tiny bit;classifier for extremely small quantities or abstract things, often in negatives. ⇒all nouns using this classifier
絲毫／丝毫 ― sīháo ― slightest bit
一絲希望／一丝希望 ― yīsī xīwàng ― aglimmer of hope
一絲微笑／一丝微笑 ― yīsī wēixiào ― atrace of smile
一絲懷疑／一丝怀疑 ― yīsī huáiyí ― ashadow of doubt
一絲光線／一丝光线 ― yīsī guāngxiàn ― agleam of light
一絲風都沒有／一丝风都没有 ― yīsī fēng dōu méiyǒu ― There is not even abreath of wind.
沒有一絲雲彩／没有一丝云彩 ― méiyǒu yīsī yúncǎi ― not a cloud in the sky
(dated) thenumber 10^-4; 1/10000th of certain units of measure
絲米／丝米 ― sīmǐ ― decimillimetre
1. (Mainland China)traditional unit oflength equal to 1/10000th of寸 (cùn, “Chinese inch,¹/₃decimetre”) ≈ 3.3micrometres
2. (Mainland China)traditional unit ofweight equal to 1/10000th of錢／钱 (qián, “mace”) = 1/1000000th of斤 (jīn, “catty, 0.5 kilogram”) = 0.5milligram

Compounds

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Descendants

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→ Ancient Greek:Σήρ(Sḗr,“Chinese; silkworm”)
- → Latin:Sēres
  - English:Seres
  - Portuguese:Seres
  - Spanish:Seres
(seesēricus for descendants of this)
→ Aramaic:
- Classical Syriac:ܫܺܐܪܳܐ(šērā),ܫܺܐܪܳܝܳܐ(šērāyā),ܫܻܝܪܳܝܳܐ(šērāyā,“silk; silk garment”)
- Jewish Babylonian Aramaic:שִׁירָאָה(šērāʾā),שִּׁירָא(šērā,“silk; silk garment”)
- Mandaic:ࡔࡉ࡚ࡓࡀࡉࡀ(ši̱raia/⁠šērāyā⁠/)
- → Arabic:سِيرَاء(sīrāʔ,“a kind of silk garment”)
- → Ge'ez:ሢራይ,ሥራይ,ሤራይ(śiray, śəray, śeray,“silk; silk garment”)
→? Old Korean:糸利(*SIli,“thread”)
- Middle Korean:실〯(sǐl,“id.”)
  - Korean:실(sil,“id.”)
→ Vietnamese:tơ

Chinese historical small numbers
Value	Character	Notes
10^-1	分(fèn)	Still in use. SI prefixdeci-.
10^-2	厘(lí),釐(lí)	Still in use. SI prefixcenti-.
10^-3	毫(háo)	Still in use. SI prefixmilli-. Also毛(máo).
10^-4	絲 /丝(sī)	Rarely used today.
秒(miǎo)	Obsolete, only in ancient texts.
10^-5	忽(hū)	Rarely used today.
10^-6	微(wēi)	Still in use. SI prefixmicro-.
10^-7	纖 /纤(xiān)	Obsolete.
10^-8	沙(shā)	Obsolete.
10^-9	塵 /尘(chén)	Obsolete.納 /纳(nà) and奈(nài) are used fornano-.
10^-10	埃(āi)	Obsolete. In modern use, the character forangstrom (10^-10 m).
10^-11	渺(miǎo)	Obsolete.
10^-12	漠(mò)	Obsolete.皮(pí) is used for SI prefixpico-.

References

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“絲”, in漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1],香港中文大學 (theChinese University of Hong Kong),2014–
李如龙[Li, Ru-long];刘福铸[Liu, Fu-zhu];吴华英[Wu, Hua-ying];黄国城[Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “丝”, in莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min),Xiamen University Press,→ISBN, page164.

Japanese

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Shinjitai	糸
Kyūjitai	絲

Kanji

[edit]

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 絲

絲

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji,shinjitai form糸)

Kyūjitai form of糸:thread

Readings

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Go-on:し(shi)
Kan-on:し(shi)
Kun:いと(ito,絲)

Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
絲
いと Hyōgai
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of絲 – see the following entry.

【糸】1	[kanji] first grade kanji [kanji] first grade kanji [kanji]thread Kanji reading: し,いと

(This term,絲, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Etymology 2

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Proper noun

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絲(いと)• (Ito)

a femalegiven name
asurname

Korean

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Hanja

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絲• (sa) (hangeul사)

(명주):silk
(실):thread

Old Japanese

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Etymology

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FromProto-Japonic*ito.

Noun

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絲 (ito₁ or ito₂)

thread
- c.759,Man’yōshū,book 4, poem 516:
  吾以在三相二搓流絲用而附手益物今曽悔寸
  WA GA MOTERU MI₁TU API₁ ni YO₂RERUITO MOTITE TUKE₂temasi MONO₂ IMA so₂ KUYASIki₁
  I am holding [it]! Three things spinning each other! If I put on thatthreads that, I'm holding right now, then I'll be regretting it!

Reconstruction notes

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This word is only attested phonographically in two sources: asakimori uta (Eastern Old Japanese) poem in theMan'yōshū as伊刀, and in theKakyō Hyōshiki as伊止.^[1]

TheRecords of the Three Kingdoms record a placenameito₁ (伊都), and theNihon Shoki also recordsito₁ (伊覩), which has been connected to Modern Japanese糸島(Itoshima) in Fukuoka Prefecture, andBentley (2008, 15) connects this placename to this word.