Movatterモバイル変換

[0]ホーム
URL:

Jump to content
WiktionaryThe Free Dictionary
Search

細

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:细
細U+7D30,細
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7D30
←累
[U+7D2F]		CJK Unified Ideographs紱 →
[U+7D31]

Translingual

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

細 (Kangxi radical 120,糸+5, 11 strokes,cangjie input女火田 (VFW),four-corner26900,composition⿰糹田)

Derived characters

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary:page 919, character 36
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27344
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1351, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3380, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+7D30

Chinese

[edit]
trad.細
simp.细
alternative forms𥿳
⼩ ("small")Hokkien

Glyph origin

[edit]
Historical forms of the character細
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)Liushutong (compiled inMing)
Small seal scriptTranscribed ancient scripts
Characters in the samephonetic series (囟)(Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
崽*ʔslɯːʔ, *srɯː, *srɯː
偲*sn̥ʰɯː, *snɯ
腮*snɯː
鰓*snɯː
揌*snɯː
顋*snɯː
愢*snɯː
毢*snɯː
諰*srɯː, *snɯʔ
細*snɯːls
思*snɯ, *snɯs
緦*snɯ
罳*snɯ
禗*snɯ
楒*snɯ
葸*snɯʔ
恖*snɯ
颸*sʰrɯ
囟*snɯns
顖*sniŋs
毸*snɯː

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*snɯːls): semantic 糸 + phonetic 囟(OC*snɯns). The right component is etymologically unrelated to田 in which it was corrupted to after the Han dynasty.

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Sino-Tibetan*z(j)əj(“little; small; tiny”) (STEDT); cognate withJingphozi(“small”),Tibetanཟི(zi,“small”),Burmeseသေး(se:,“small”).

Pronunciation

[edit]
Note:
  • Xiamen, Quanzhou:
    • sòe - vernacular;
    • sè - literary.
Rime
Character細
Reading #1/1
Initial (聲)心 (16)
Final (韻)齊 (39)
Tone (調)Departing (H)
Openness (開合)Open
Division (等)IV
Fanqie蘇計切
BaxtersejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/seiH/
Pan
Wuyun		/seiH/
Shao
Rongfen		/sɛiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/sɛjH/
Li
Rong		/seiH/
Wang
Li		/sieiH/
Bernhard
Karlgren		/sieiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		xì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		sai3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character細
Reading #1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		xì
Middle
Chinese		‹ sejH ›
Old
Chinese		/*[s]ˁe(k)-s/
Englishsmall, minute

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character細
Reading #1/1
No.13834
Phonetic
component		囟
Rime
group		微
Rime
subdivision		1
Corresponding
MC rime		細
Old
Chinese		/*snɯːls/

Definitions

[edit]

細

  1. (literary or Cantonese, Gan, Hakka, Min)small;tiny;little
    Antonym:大
    點解會咁細嘅？[Cantonese,trad.]
    点解会咁细嘅？[Cantonese,simp.]
    dim2 gaai2 wui5 gam3sai3 ge2?[Jyutping]
    Why is it sosmall?
  2. thin;slender
    Antonym:粗(cū)
    細線／细线  ― xì xiàn  ―  thin string
  3. fine;delicate;exquisite
    Antonym:粗(cū)
    細沙／细沙  ― xì shā  ―  fine sand
  4. careful;detailed;meticulous
  5. slowly;carefully;thoroughly;detailedly
    細看／细看  ― xìkàn  ―  to carefully examine
  6. trifling;trivial;unimportant
  7. (of one's voice)soft
  8. frugal;sparing
  9. (literary or Cantonese, Hakka, Min)young;little
    Antonym:大
    你仲細咩！／你仲细咩！[Cantonese]  ― nei5 zung6sai3 me1![Jyutping]  ―  [Do you think that] you're still a child?
  10. (Cantonese) to beyounger than
    Antonym:大
    細佢幾十年／细佢几十年[Cantonese]  ― sai3 keoi5 gei2 sap6 nin4[Jyutping]  ―  younger than them by a couple decades
  11. (Hokkien, Hainanese, dialectal Cantonese)concubine

Synonyms

[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of小 (“small”)[map]
VarietyLocationWords
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)小
Northeastern MandarinBeijing小
Taiwan小
Harbin小
Malaysia小
Singapore小
Jilu MandarinTianjin小
Jinan小
Central Plains MandarinWanrong小
Xi'an小,碎
Xining小,尕
Xuzhou小
Lanyin MandarinYinchuan小
Ürümqi小,尕
Southwestern MandarinChengdu小
Wuhan小
Guiyang小
Guilin小
Liuzhou小
Jianghuai MandarinNanjing小
Yangzhou小
Hefei小
CantoneseGuangzhou細
Hong Kong細
Hong Kong(San Tin; Weitou)細
Hong Kong(Kam Tin; Weitou)細
Hong Kong(Ting Kok)細
Hong Kong(Tung Ping Chau)細
Macau細
Guangzhou(Panyu)細
Guangzhou(Huashan, Huadu)細
Guangzhou(Conghua)細
Guangzhou(Zengcheng)細
Foshan細
Foshan(Shatou, Nanhai)細
Foshan(Shunde)細
Foshan(Sanshui)細
Foshan(Mingcheng, Gaoming)細
Zhongshan(Shiqi)細
Zhuhai(Qianshan, Xiangzhou)細
Zhuhai(Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)細
Zhuhai(Doumen)細
Jiangmen(Baisha)細
Jiangmen(Xinhui)細
Taishan細
Kaiping(Chikan)細
Enping(Niujiang)細
Heshan(Yayao)細
Dongguan細
Shenzhen(Shajing, Bao'an)細
Qingyuan細
Fogang細
Yingde(Hanguang)細
Yangshan細
Lianzhou(Qingshui; Sihui)細
Shaoguan細
Shaoguan(Qujiang)細
Renhua細
Lechang細
Zhaoqing(Gaoyao)細
Sihui細
Guangning細
Deqing細
Huaiji細
Yunfu細
Xinxing細
Luoding細
Yunan(Pingtai)細
Yangjiang細
Xinyi細
Maoming(Xinpo)細
Lianjiang細
Nanning細
Wuzhou細,𱒃
Yulin𱒃
Hepu(Lianzhou)𱒃
Hepu(Shatian)𱒃
Guiping細,小
Guiping(Mule)𱒃
Pingnan細
Mengshan(Xihe)細
Guigang(Gangcheng)細
Guigang(Nanjiang)細
Guigang(Pingdong)細
Beiliu(Tangliao)細
Baise細
Bobai細
Lingshan細
Pubei細
Qinzhou細
Qinzhou(Xiniujiao)𱒃
Beihai細
Beihai(Nankang)細
Beihai(Yingpan)𱒃
Beihai(Qiaogang - Cô Tô)細
Beihai(Qiaogang - Cát Bà)細,小
Ningming細
Hengzhou細
Fangchenggang(Fangcheng)細
Danzhou細
Kuala Lumpur(Guangfu)細
Singapore(Guangfu)細
Ho Chi Minh City(Guangfu)細
Móng Cái細
GanNanchang細,小
Lichuan細,小
Pingxiang細,小
HakkaMeixian細,小
Xingning細
Huizhou(Huicheng; Bendihua)細
Huiyang細
Huidong(Daling)細
Dongguan(Qingxi)細
Boluo(Bendihua)細
Shenzhen(Shatoujiao)細
Zhongshan(Nanlang Heshui)小
Heyuan(Bendihua)細
Longchuan(Tuocheng; Bendihua)細
Heping(Linzhai; Bendihua)細
Lianping(Longjie; Bendihua)細
Shaoguan(Qujiang)細
Lianshan(Xiaosanjiang)細
Guangzhou(Lütian, Conghua)細
Jiexi細
Changting細
Wuping細
Wuping(Pingyu)細
Liancheng細
Ninghua小
Yudu細
Ruijin細
Shicheng細
Shangyou(Shexi)細
Miaoli(N. Sixian)細
Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian)細
Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu)細
Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu)細
Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping)細
Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an)細
Hong Kong細
Beiliu(Tang'an)小
Mashan(Pianlian)細
Senai(Huiyang)細
HuizhouJixi小
JinTaiyuan小
Northern MinJian'ou小
Eastern MinFuzhou嫩,細
Fuzhou(Changle)嫩
Fuqing嫩
Yongtai嫩
Gutian嫩
Fu'an嫩
Ningde嫩
Shouning嫩
Zhouning細
Fuding嫩,細
Matsu嫩
Southern MinXiamen細
Xiamen(Tong'an)細
Quanzhou細
Jinjiang細
Nan'an細
Hui'an細
Anxi細
Yongchun細
Dehua細
Zhangzhou細
Zhangzhou(Longhai)細
Zhangzhou(Changtai)細
Hua'an細
Nanjing細
Pinghe細
Zhangpu細
Yunxiao細
Zhao'an細
Dongshan細
Taipei小,細
New Taipei(Sanxia)小,細
Kaohsiung小,細
Yilan小,細
Changhua(Lukang)小,細
Taichung小,細
Tainan小,細
Hsinchu小,細
Kinmen小
Penghu(Magong)小
Penang(Hokkien)細
Singapore(Hokkien)細
Manila(Hokkien)細
Zhangping(Yongfu)細
Pingnan(Shangdu)小
Chaozhou細
Shantou細
Shantou(Chenghai)細
Shantou(Chaoyang)細
Jieyang細
Haifeng細
Bangkok(Teochew)細
Johor Bahru(Teochew)細
Singapore(Teochew)細
Batam(Teochew)細
Pontianak(Teochew)細
Leizhou細
Wenchang細,孧
Haikou細,孧
Qionghai孧
Singapore(Hainanese)孧,細
Puxian MinPutian細
Xianyou細
Southern PinghuaNanning(Tingzi)細
Nanning(Shajing)細
Binyang(Xinqiao)細
Northern PinghuaGuilin(Chaoyang)細
Guilin(Zhuyuan)細
Lingchuan(Tanxia)細
WuShanghai小
Shanghai(Chongming)小
Suzhou小
Danyang小
Hangzhou小
Ningbo小
Wenzhou小,瑣
Lishui細
Jinyun巧
Jinhua小
XiangChangsha細,小
Loudi小
Shuangfeng細
Quanzhou小
Guanyang(Wenshi)小
Dialectal synonyms of細 (“thin; fine; slender”)[map]
VarietyLocationWords
Classical Chinese細
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)細
Northeastern MandarinBeijing細
Taiwan細
Singapore細
Jilu MandarinJinan細
Central Plains MandarinXi'an細
Southwestern MandarinChengdu細
Wuhan細
Jianghuai MandarinYangzhou細
Hefei細
CantoneseGuangzhou幼
Hong Kong幼
Yangjiang細,嫩
Singapore(Guangfu)幼
GanNanchang細
HakkaMeixian幼,細
JinTaiyuan細
Northern MinJian'ou細
Eastern MinFuzhou杪,幼
Southern MinXiamen幼
Tainan幼
Penang(Hokkien)幼
Singapore(Hokkien)幼
Manila(Hokkien)幼
Chaozhou幼,細
Wenchang幼
Haikou幼
WuSuzhou細
Wenzhou細
XiangChangsha細
Shuangfeng細
Dialectal synonyms of妾 (“concubine”)[map]
VarietyLocationWords
Classical Chinese妾,姬,媵,妾媵,媵妾,侍妾,姬妾,側室,偏室,姑娘
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)妾,偏房
Northeastern MandarinBeijing小太太兒,小婆婆兒,小奶奶兒,小的兒,屋兒裡人
Taiwan小老婆,姨太太
Harbin小老婆
Singapore小老婆
Jilu MandarinJinan小老婆
Jiaoliao MandarinYantai(Muping)小老婆兒,小婆子
Central Plains MandarinLuoyang小老婆兒
Wanrong小婆子
Xi'an小婆子,小
Xuzhou小的兒,小的,小兒,小點子,小婆兒,小婆子,庶夫人
Lanyin MandarinYinchuan小老婆,小
Lanzhou小老婆
Ürümqi小老婆
Southwestern MandarinChengdu小老婆,小婆子,小婆娘
Chengdu(Xindu)小婆子
Chengdu(Pidu)小婆子,小婆娘
Chengdu(Wenjiang)小婆子,小婆娘
Chengdu(Shuangliu)小婆子,小婆娘
Chengdu(Xinjin)小婆子
Jintang小婆子,小婆娘
Pengzhou小婆子,小婆娘
Dujiangyan小婆娘
Chongzhou小婆子,小婆娘
Dayi小婆子,小婆娘
Pujiang小婆子,小婆娘
Qionglai小婆子
Wuhan小堂客,小,姨太太
Guiyang小婆娘,姨太太
Liuzhou小的,小,小老婆,小婆
Jianghuai MandarinNanjing小老婆
CantoneseGuangzhou細婆,妾侍,二奶
Hong Kong細婆,妾侍,二奶,阿二,阿奶
Hong Kong(Kam Tin; Weitou)細婆
Macau妾
Guangzhou(Panyu)妾侍
Guangzhou(Huashan, Huadu)奶
Guangzhou(Conghua)細婆
Guangzhou(Zengcheng)妾侍,阿子
Foshan妾侍
Foshan(Shatou, Nanhai)阿細
Foshan(Sanshui)妾侍
Foshan(Mingcheng, Gaoming)偏房
Zhongshan(Shiqi)妾侍
Zhuhai(Qianshan, Xiangzhou)妾侍
Zhuhai(Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)妾侍
Zhuhai(Doumen)妾侍
Jiangmen(Baisha)小婆
Jiangmen(Xinhui)小婆
Taishan小老婆
Kaiping(Chikan)妾侍
Enping(Niujiang)妾侍,細
Heshan(Yayao)偏房
Dongguan細婆
Shenzhen(Shajing, Bao'an)細婆
Yangjiang細娘,細嬸,細媽
GanNanchang小老婆,小
Lichuan小婆
Pingxiang小老婆,小婆子
HakkaMeixian小婆
Huizhou(Huicheng; Bendihua)阿細
Dongguan(Qingxi)細婆
Shenzhen(Shatoujiao)細婆,細奶
Zhongshan(Nanlang Heshui)細婆
Guangzhou(Lütian, Conghua)細婆
Yudu小老婆
Miaoli(N. Sixian)細姐,細婆,偏房
Miaoli(Gongguan; N. Sixian)細姐
Miaoli(Zhuolan; N. Sixian)細姐
Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian)細姆,細姐仔,細婆,偏房
Pingtung(Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian)細姆
Kaohsiung(Meinong; S. Sixian)細姐仔
Kaohsiung(Shanlin; S. Sixian)細姐仔
Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu)細姐,細婆,偏房
Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu)細姐,細姨,偏房
Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping)細姐,細婆,偏房
Miaoli(Zhuolan; Raoping)細姨,細姐,細婆,偏房
Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an)細姐,細姨,偏房
HuizhouJixi細老嫗
JinTaiyuan小老婆,姨娘,姨太太
Xinzhou小婆子
Northern MinJian'ou小嬤
Eastern MinFuzhou細婆 non-face-to-face,細姐 face-to-face,姨太 older,姑娘 younger, face to face
Southern MinXiamen細姨,細
Quanzhou細姨,細
Jinjiang細姨
Yongchun細姨
Zhangzhou細姨,細
Taipei細姨
New Taipei(Sanxia)細姨
Kaohsiung細姨
Yilan細姨
Changhua(Lukang)細姨
Taichung細姨
Tainan細姨
Hsinchu細姨
Kinmen細姨
Penghu(Magong)細姨
Manila(Hokkien)細姨
Chaozhou姨囝
Leizhou細娘
Haikou細姩,細老婆,孧老婆,細
Puxian MinPutian阿娌,阿姐 regional,細婆,細某,德配
Xianyou阿娌,細某,德配
Zhongshan MinZhongshan(Longdu, Shaxi)細婆
Southern PinghuaNanning(Tingzi)細婆
WuShanghai小老媽,小老婆,小娘子,偏房
Shanghai(Chongming)小老婆,小老官,姨太太
Suzhou小老媽
Danyang小老媽
Hangzhou小老婆
Ningbo小老𡢿
Wenzhou姨娘,姨娘兒
Jinhua小老婆,小婆
XiangChangsha小婆子,小堂客
Loudi小
Hengyang妾婆子

Antonyms

[edit]
  • (antonym(s) of“small”):大 (dà, “large”)
  • (antonym(s) of“young”):大 (dà, “grown up”)
  • (antonym(s) of“fine”):粗 (cū, “coarse”)

Compounds

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • “細”, in漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1],香港中文大學 (theChinese University of Hong Kong),2014–
  • 莆田市荔城区档案馆[Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “细”, in莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page254.

Japanese

[edit]

Kanji

[edit]
See also:
細

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. thin, fine
  2. slender

Readings

[edit]

Compounds

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]
Kanji in this term
細
ささ
Grade: 2
kun'yomi
Kanji in this term
細
さざ
Grade: 2
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of細 – see the following entry.
【小ささ】1
[prefix]attached to certain nouns to mean:
[prefix]small
[prefix]fine
[prefix]slight
Alternative spellings
些些,さざ
(This term,細, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

[edit]

Hanja

[edit]

細 (eumhun가늘세(ganeul se))

  1. hanja form? of세(“thin”)

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

細:Hán Việt readings:tế[1][2][3][4][5][6]
細:Nôm readings:té[1][2][3][4][5][6][7],tới[1][2][4][5][6][7],tí[2][3],tía[1],tỉ[2]

  1. chữ Hán form oftế(“small;thin”)
  2. chữ Nôm form ofté(“totrip; tofall; tosprinkle”)
  3. chữ Nôm form oftía(“(dated)purple”)
  4. chữ Nôm form oftới(“toarrive (at);to”)

References

[edit]
  1. ↑1.01.11.21.3Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑2.02.12.22.32.4Trần (2004).
  3. ↑3.03.13.2Hồ (1976).
  4. ↑4.04.14.2Bonet (1899).
  5. ↑5.05.15.2Génibrel (1898).
  6. ↑6.06.16.2Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
  7. ↑7.07.1Nguyễn et al. (2009).
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=細&oldid=88169163"
Categories:
Hidden categories:
[8]ページ先頭
©2009-2025 Movatter.jp