Stroke order
精 (Kangxi radical 119,米 +8, 14 strokes,cangjie input 火木手一月 (FDQMB ),four-corner 95927 ,composition ⿰米 青 (G H T J V ) or ⿰米 靑 (K orU+FA1D) )
Kangxi Dictionary:page 910 , character 10 Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26997 Dae Jaweon: page 1336, character 8 Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3150, character 11 Unihan data for U+7CBE Old Chinese 猜 *sʰlɯː 輤 *sʰleːns 綪 *sʰleːns, *ʔsreːŋ 倩 *sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs 棈 *sʰleːns 蒨 *sʰeːns 篟 *sʰeːns 生 *sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs 牲 *sreŋ 笙 *sreŋ 甥 *sreŋ 鉎 *sreŋ, *sleːŋ 珄 *sreŋ 鼪 *sreŋ, *sreŋs 猩 *sreŋ, *seːŋ 狌 *sreŋ 眚 *sreŋʔ 貹 *sreŋs 崝 *zreːŋ 精 *ʔsleŋ, *ʔsleŋs 菁 *ʔsleŋ 鶄 *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ 蜻 *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ 鼱 *ʔsleŋ 婧 *ʔsleŋ, *zleŋs, *zleŋʔ 睛 *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleŋʔ 箐 *ʔsleŋ 聙 *ʔsleŋ 旌 *ʔsleŋ 清 *sʰleŋ 圊 *sʰleŋ 請 *sʰleŋʔ, *zleŋs, *zleŋ 凊 *sʰleŋs 䝼 *zleŋs, *zleŋ 靚 *zleŋs 情 *zleŋ 晴 *zleŋ 夝 *zleŋ 靜 *zleŋʔ 靖 *zleŋʔ 睲 *seŋʔ, *seːŋs 惺 *seŋʔ, *seːŋ 性 *sleŋs 姓 *sleŋs 靗 *l̥ʰeŋs 鯖 *ʔljeŋ, *sʰleːŋ 青 *sʰleːŋ 靘 *sʰleːŋ, *sʰleːŋs 掅 *sʰleːŋs 胜 *sleːŋ 曐 *sleːŋ 星 *sleːŋ 鮏 *sleːŋ 腥 *seːŋ, *seːŋs 鯹 *seːŋ 醒 *seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs 篂 *seːŋ
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声 ,OC *ʔsleŋ, *ʔsleŋs ): semantic 米 ( “ rice ” ) + phonetic 青 ( OC *sʰleːŋ ) – polished rice.
Mandarin (Standard ) (Pinyin ) :jīng (jing1 )(Zhuyin ) :ㄐㄧㄥ (Chengdu ,Sichuanese Pinyin ) :jin1 (Dungan ,Cyrillic andWiktionary ) :жин (řin, I)Cantonese (Guangzhou –Hong Kong ,Jyutping ) :zing1 /zeng1 (Taishan ,Wiktionary ) :den1 Gan (Wiktionary ) :jin1 / jiang1 Hakka (Sixian ,PFS ) :chîn (Meixian ,Guangdong ) :jin1 / jiang1 Jin (Wiktionary ) :jing1 / ji1 Northern Min (KCR ) :céng Eastern Min (BUC ) :cĭng / ciăng Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing ): zing1 Southern Min (Hokkien ,POJ ) :chiⁿ /chiaⁿ /cheng (Teochew ,Peng'im ) :zêng1 / zian1 Wu (Shanghai ,Wugniu ) :1 cinXiang (Changsha ,Wiktionary ) :jin1 Note :
zing1 - literary; zeng1 - vernacular (“smart; clever”). Note :
cĭng - literary; ciăng - vernacular. Puxian Min Southern Min (Hokkien :Xiamen ,Quanzhou ,Zhangzhou ,Jinjiang ,Nan'an ,GeneralTaiwanese ) (Hokkien :Xiamen ,Quanzhou ,Zhangzhou ,Jinjiang ,Nan'an ,Zhangpu ,GeneralTaiwanese ) (Hokkien :Xiamen ,Quanzhou ,Zhangzhou ,Jinjiang ,Zhangpu ,GeneralTaiwanese ) Note :
chiⁿ - vernacular (“demon (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taiwan); clever (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taiwan))”; chiaⁿ - vernacular (“demon (Zhangzhou, Taiwan); clever (Zhangzhou); lean”); cheng - literary (“essence; demon (Taiwan); seminal fluid; clever; accurate”). Note :
zêng1 - literary; zian1 - vernacular (“demon; lean”). Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )Character 精 Reading # 1/1 Modern Beijing (Pinyin) jīng Middle Chinese ‹ tsjeng › Old Chinese /*tseŋ/ English fine rice; pure Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)Character 精 Reading # 1/2 No. 11327 Phonetic component 生 Rime group 耕 Rime subdivision 0 Corresponding MC rime 精 Old Chinese /*ʔsleŋ/
精
essence ;concentrate ;extract 酒精 ― jiǔjīng ― alcohol; ethanolspirit ;energy ;vigor 精 疲力竭 ― jīng pílìjié ― exhausted故 上 悖 日月 之 明 ,下 爍 山川 之 精 ,中 墮 四時 之 施 ,惴耎 之 蟲 ,肖翹 之 物 ,莫不 失 其 性 。[Classical Chinese ,trad. ] 故 上 悖 日月 之 明 ,下 烁 山川 之 精 ,中 堕 四时 之 施 ,惴耎 之 虫 ,肖翘 之 物 ,莫不 失 其 性 。[Classical Chinese ,simp. ] From: Zhuangzi , circa 3rd – 2nd centuriesBCE , translated based onJames Legge 's versionGù shàng bèi rìyuè zhī míng, xià shuò shānchuān zhījīng , zhōng duò sìshí zhī shī, zhuìnuò zhī chóng, xiàoqiào zhī wù, mòbù shī qí xìng. [Pinyin] It is just as if, above, the brightness of the sun and moon were darkened; as if, beneath,the productive vigour of the hills and streams were dried up; and as if, between, the operation of the four seasons were brought to an end: in which case there would not be a single weak and wriggling insect, nor any plant that grows up, which would not lose its proper nature. demon ;goblin ;spirit 妖精 ― yāojīng ― magical creature or beingseminal fluid ;semen ;sperm ;seed 受精 ― shòujīng ― fertilization( traditional Chinese medicine ) jing ( dense essence stored in the kidneys that is the material basis for the physical body ) 精 氣/ 精 气 ― jīng qì ― vital substance which maintains body functionto beskilled ; to beproficient ; to beexpert 精 於繪畫 / 精 于绘画 ― jīng yú huìhuà ― to be proficient in painting perfect ;excellent 精 良 ― jīng liáng ― of superior quality; excellentrefined ;picked ;choice 精 米 ― jīng mǐ ― refined rice精 兵 ― jīng bīng ― elite troopsexquisite ;meticulous ;fine ;precise 精 密 ― jīng mì ― precise這 瓷器 的 手工 很 精 。[MSC ,trad. ] 这 瓷器 的 手工 很 精 。[MSC ,simp. ] Zhè cíqì de shǒugōng hěnjīng . [Pinyin] The workmanship of the porcelain is very exquisite. smart ;clever ;sharp ;shrewd 你 以為 你 能 玩兒 得 過 他 ?他 可 精 了 。誰 算計 誰 還 不一定 呢 ![MSC ,trad. ] 你 以为 你 能 玩儿 得 过 他 ?他 可 精 了 。谁 算计 谁 还 不一定 呢 ![MSC ,simp. ] Nǐ yǐwéi nǐ néng wánr de guò tā? Tā kějīng le. Shéi suànji shéi hái bùyīdìng ne! [Pinyin] You think you could defeat him? He iswitted and alert . That who's going to set whom up is not certain yet! 做 廣告 做 得 好 精 [Cantonese ,trad. ] 做 广告 做 得 好 精 [Cantonese ,simp. ] zou6 gwong2 gou3 zou6 dak1 hou2 zeng1 [Jyutping] runscrafty advertisements ( dialectal ) extremely ;very ( before certain adjectives ) 精 瘦 ― jīng shòu ― extremely thin叫 雨 淋 了 個 精 濕 [MSC ,trad. ] 叫 雨 淋 了 个 精 湿 [MSC ,simp. ] jiào yǔ lín le gejīng shī [Pinyin] got madeextremely wet by the rain ( dialectal , of meat) lean Alternative form: 腈 ( Cantonese ) Suffix used to describe person with a negative attribute 大話精 / 大话精 [Cantonese ] ― daai6 waa6 zing1 [Jyutping] ― liar馬騮精 / 马骝精 [Cantonese ] ― maa5 lau4-1 zing1 [Jyutping] ― (please add an English translation of this usage example) ( Hokkien , derogatory ) suffix indicating akind ofperson 宿精 [Hokkien ] ― sek-chiⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī ] ― intelligent and sly( Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien ) accurate ;exact ;precise ( ~母 ) ( Chinese linguistics ) theMiddle Chinese initial of精 (MC tsjeng )( obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese ) polished rice bare ;empty all ;entirely ;fully asurname Alternative form of睛 Alternative form of菁 ( jīng ) Alternative form of晶 ( jīng ) Dialectal synonyms of
精液 (“semen”)
[map] Variety Location Words Classical Chinese 精 Formal(Written Standard Chinese ) 精液 Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 精液 ,㞞 Taiwan 精液 ,洨 ,精 Harbin 㞞 ,雞巴湯兒 Jilu Mandarin Jinan 㞞 Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai(Muping) 㞞 ,精 Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 㞞 Wanrong 㞞 Xi'an 㞞 Xining 㞞 Xuzhou 㞞 Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 㞞 Lanzhou 㞞 Ürümqi 㞞 Jimsar 㞞 Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 精水 ,精液 ,頭兒油 ,化豬油 ,豬油 Wuhan 漿 Guiyang 精水 Liuzhou 精水 Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 㞞 Yangzhou 㞞 Cantonese Guangzhou 𨳍水 Hong Kong 精液 ,精 Zhongshan(Xiaolan) 鳩瘍 Zhongshan(Sanjiao) 𡳞瘍 Zhongshan(Tanzhou) 鳩屎 Zhongshan(Tanggan, Sanxiang) 鳩屎 Dongguan 精液 Shaoguan 精水 Fengkai(Nanfeng) 𨳍水 Nanning 𨳍水 ,炮油 Kuala Lumpur(Guangfu) 精液 Gan Lichuan 精 Hakka Meixian 𡳞屎 Xingning 𡳞屎 Dabu(Xihe) 精液 ,𡳞屎 Huizhou(Huicheng; Bendihua) 𡳞屎 Longmen(Luxi; Bendihua) 𡳞屎 Wuhua(Shuizhai) 𡳞屎 ,潲 Wuhua(Huacheng) 𡳞屎 Wuhua(Changbu) 𡳞屎 Wuhua(Mianyang) 𡳞屎 ,潲水 Jiexi 𡳞屎 Changting 淫 Longyan(Yongding) 潲 Longyan(Gaobei, Yongding) 精子 Longyan(Hukeng, Yongding) 潲膏 Liancheng(Juxi) 脧仁 Liancheng(Laiyuan) 精 Yudu 卵屎 Ruijin 卵屎 Miaoli(N. Sixian) 潲 Miaoli(Gongguan; N. Sixian) 潲 Miaoli(Zhuolan; N. Sixian) 潲 Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian) 潲 Pingtung(Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) 精水 Kaohsiung(Meinong; S. Sixian) 潲 Kaohsiung(Shanlin; S. Sixian) 精水 Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu) 𡳞屎 Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu) 𡳞屎 Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping) 𡳞屎 Miaoli(Zhuolan; Raoping) 潲 Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an) 潲 Hong Kong 𡳞屎 Kuala Lumpur(Dabu) 精液 Senai(Huiyang) 𡳞屎 Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa(Hepo) 潲 Bangkok(Meixian) 𡳞屎 Bangkok(Fengshun) 𡳞屎 Huizhou Jixi 㞞 ,鳥漿 Shexian 㞞 Huangshan(Tunxi) 精 ,㞞 Jin Taiyuan 精液 Pingyao 㞞 Xinzhou 㞞 ,㞞糊子 Eastern Min Fuzhou 精 Southern Min Xiamen 潲 Quanzhou 潲 Zhangzhou 潲 Zhao'an 潲 Taipei 潲 Taipei(Wanhua) 潲 New Taipei(Tamsui) 潲 New Taipei(Sanxia) 潲 New Taipei(Pingxi) 潲 Kaohsiung 潲 Kaohsiung(Cijin) 潲 Kaohsiung(Hongmaogang, Siaogang) 潲 Kaohsiung(Dalinpu, Siaogang) 潲 Kaohsiung(Tianliao) 潲 Yilan 潲 Yilan(Luodong) 潲 Yilan(Toucheng) 潲 ,精水 Changhua(Lukang) 潲 Taichung 潲 Taichung(Wuqi) 潲 Tainan 潲 ,精水 Tainan(Anping) 潲 Taitung 精 Hsinchu 潲 Kinmen 潲 Penghu(Magong) 潲 Penghu(Xiyu) 潲 Penang(Hokkien) 潲 Singapore(Hokkien) 潲 Manila(Hokkien) 潲 Longyan 潲 Chaozhou 潲 Jieyang 潲 Haifeng 潲 ,潲水 Johor Bahru(Teochew) 精 Wenchang 精 Haikou 精 Puxian Min Putian 𡳞屎 ,𡳞液 Putian(Jiangkou, Hanjiang) 𡳞屎 Putian(Nanri, Xiuyu) 𡳞屎 Xianyou 𡳞屎 ,𡳞液 ,精 Xianyou(Fengting) 精 Xianyou(Youyang) 精 Southern Pinghua Nanning(Tingzi) 精 ,𨳍水 Wu Shanghai 精 ,白脫油 ,白脫 Shanghai(Chongming) 㞞 Suzhou 精 Danyang 㞞 Hangzhou 㞞 ,陽水 Ningbo 卵漿 ,漿水 Wenzhou 頹漿 Jinhua 㞞 Xiang Changsha 卵漿 ,精子 Xiangxiang 卵射漿 ,精液 Loudi 卵水 ,水 ,漿 ,烏龜尿
Dialectal synonyms of
聰明 (“clever; intelligent; smart; bright”)
[map] Variety Location Words Classical Chinese 聰明 ,伶俐 ,聰敏 ,聰穎 Formal(Written Standard Chinese ) 聰明 ,機靈 ,伶俐 ,聰敏 ,聰穎 ,聰慧 Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 聰明 Taiwan 聰明 Malaysia 聰明 Singapore 聰明 Jilu Mandarin Jinan 聰明 Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 靈 ,靈醒 Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 精靈 ,聰明 Wuhan 聰明 Guilin 聰明 Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 聰明 Hefei 聰明 Cantonese Guangzhou 聰明 ,醒 ,醒目 ,叻 ,精 Hong Kong 聰明 ,醒 ,醒目 ,叻 ,精 Taishan 聰明 ,叻 ,參 Kaiping(Chikan) 叻 Yangjiang 伶俐 ,叻 Kuala Lumpur(Guangfu) 精 ,扮𠮨 Singapore(Guangfu) 聰明 ,精 ,叻 ,醒目 ,扮𠮨 Gan Nanchang 精靈 ,聰明 Hakka Meixian 聰明 ,機靈 Miaoli(N. Sixian) 聰明 Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian) 聰明 Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu) 聰明 Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu) 聰明 ,精 Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping) 聰明 ,精 Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an) 聰明 Kuching(Hepo) 將 Jin Taiyuan 機靈 ,聰明 Northern Min Jian'ou 聰明 Eastern Min Fuzhou 聰明 Southern Min Xiamen 聰明 ,伶俐 Quanzhou 聰明 ,骨 ,骨鳥 derogatory ,伶俐 Zhangzhou 聰明 ,伶俐 Taipei 聰明 ,巧 ,明白 Singapore(Hokkien) 聰明 ,𠢕 ,勥 ,醒目 ,巧 Manila(Hokkien) 巧 ,勥 ,𠢕 Chaozhou 聰明 Singapore(Teochew) 聰明 Wenchang 精 Singapore(Hainanese) 精 Wu Suzhou 聰明 Ningbo 聰明 Wenzhou 靈 ,聰明 Xiang Changsha 靈泛 ,聰明 Shuangfeng 聰明
Dialectal synonyms of
瘦 (“lean (meat)”)
[map] Variety Location Words Formal(Written Standard Chinese ) 瘦 Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 瘦 Taiwan 瘦 Harbin 瘦 Jilu Mandarin Jinan 瘦 Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai(Muping) 瘦 Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 瘦 Wanrong 瘦 Xi'an 瘦 Xining 瘦 Xuzhou 瘦 Lanyin Mandarin Ürümqi 瘦 Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 瘦 Wuhan 瘦 Guiyang 瘦 Guilin 瘦 Liuzhou 瘦 Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 瘦 Yangzhou 瘦 Hefei 精 Cantonese Guangzhou 瘦 Hong Kong 瘦 Dongguan 瘦 Yangjiang 瘦 Gan Nanchang 瘦 ,精 Lichuan 精 Pingxiang 精 Hakka Meixian 精 Yudu 精 Huizhou Jixi 精 Jin Taiyuan 瘦 Northern Min Jian'ou 瘦 Songxi 瘦 Jianyang 瘦 Eastern Min Fuzhou 㾪 Fuqing 㾪 Gutian 㾪 Ningde 赤 Zhouning 㾪 Fuding 赤 Southern Min Xiamen 精 ,赤 Quanzhou 精 Yongchun 精 ,赤 Zhangzhou 赤 Singapore(Hokkien) 精 ,赤 Longyan 精 Datian 㾪 Chaozhou 精 Puxian Min Putian 精 Putian(Jiangkou, Hanjiang) 精 Putian(Nanri, Xiuyu) 赤 ,精 Xianyou 烏 ,赤 Xianyou(Fengting) 烏 ,赤 Xianyou(Youyang) 烏 ,赤 Central Min Yong'an 瘦 Sanming(Shaxian) 瘦 Southern Pinghua Nanning(Tingzi) 瘦 Wu Shanghai 精 Suzhou 精 Danyang 精 Ningbo 精 Wenzhou 精 Jinhua 精 Xiang Changsha 瘦 ,精 Loudi 精 Shuangfeng 瘦 ,精
Zhengzhang system (2003)Character 精 Reading # 2/2 No. 11337 Phonetic component 生 Rime group 耕 Rime subdivision 0 Corresponding MC rime 精 Old Chinese /*ʔsleŋs/
精
( historical dictionaries only ) strong For pronunciation and definitions of 精 – see晴 (“clear ;fine ;cloudless ; tostop ; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 晴 ).
“精 ”, in漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database) [2] ,香港中文大學 (theChinese University of Hong Kong ),2014– 李如龙 [ Li, Ru-long] ,刘福铸 [ Liu, Fu-zhu] ,吴华英 [ Wu, Hua-ying] ,黄国城 [ Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019 ) “精 ”, in莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect ] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min),Xiamen University Press ,→ISBN , page270 .莆田市荔城区档案馆 [ Putian City Licheng District Archives] , editor (2022 ), “精 ”, in莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary ] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page112 .Shinjitai 精 Kyūjitai [ 1] 精 精
or精 +︀
? 精󠄀 精 +󠄀
? (Adobe-Japan1 ) 精󠄃 精 +󠄃
? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. Seehere for details.
精
(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji , shinjitai kanji,kyūjitai form精 )
essence Go-on :しょう ( shō ,Jōyō† ) ←しやう ( syau ,historical ) Kan-on :せい ( sei ,Jōyō ) Kun :こころ ( kokoro ,精 ) 、しらげる ( shira geru ,精げる ) ←しらぐ ( sira gu ,精ぐ ,historical ) 、くわしい ( kuwa shii ,精しい ) ←くはし ( kufa si ,精し ,historical ) 、もののけ ( mononoke ,精 ) Nanori :あき ( aki ) 、あきら ( akira ) 、きよ ( kiyo ) 、きよし ( kiyoshi ) 、くわし ( kuwashi ) 、しげ ( shige ) 、しら ( shira ) 、すぐる ( suguru ) 、すみ ( sumi ) 、ただ ( tada ) 、ただし ( tadashi ) 、つとむ ( tsutomu ) 、ひとし ( hitoshi ) 、まこと ( makoto ) 、まさ ( masa ) 、まさし ( masashi ) 、もり ( mori ) 、よし ( yoshi ) FromMiddle Chinese 精 ( t͡siᴇŋ ,“ essence, energy ” ) . Compare modernMandarin readingjīng .
精( せい ) • (sei ) -na (adnominal 精( せい ) な ( seina ) ,adverbial 精( せい ) に ( seini ) )
detailed ,conscientious pure ,refined Stem forms Imperfective (未然形 ) 精だろ せいだろ sei daro Continuative (連用形 ) 精で せいで sei de Terminal (終止形 ) 精だ せいだ sei da Attributive (連体形 ) 精な せいな sei na Hypothetical (仮定形 ) 精なら せいなら sei nara Imperative (命令形 ) 精であれ せいであれ sei de are Key constructions Informal negative 精ではない 精じゃない せいではない せいじゃない sei de wa nai sei ja nai Informal past 精だった せいだった sei datta Informal negative past 精ではなかった 精じゃなかった せいではなかった せいじゃなかった sei de wa nakatta sei ja nakatta Formal 精です せいです sei desu Formal negative 精ではありません 精じゃありません せいではありません せいじゃありません sei de wa arimasen sei ja arimasen Formal past 精でした せいでした sei deshita Formal negative past 精ではありませんでした 精じゃありませんでした せいではありませんでした せいじゃありませんでした sei de wa arimasen deshita sei ja arimasen deshita Conjunctive 精で せいで sei de Conditional 精なら(ば) せいなら(ば) sei nara (ba) Provisional 精だったら せいだったら sei dattara Volitional 精だろう せいだろう sei darō Adverbial 精に せいに sei ni Degree 精さ せいさ seisa
精( せい ) • (sei )
polishing ,refining care ,conscientiousness somethingpolished orrefined , particularly polishedwhite rice vim andvigor ,energy in doing thingslife force ,vitality , the energy of livingone'semotions ,mind , orsoul thesoul orspirit of a thing, particularly whenappearing on its own; afairy , asprite semen Noun stem of verb精げる ( shirageru ,“ to polish, to refine ” ) , itself derived from白 ( shira ,“ white ” ,form used in compounds, usuallyshiro on its own ) +ぐ ( gu ,verbalizing suffix ) , originally just meaningto whiten something .
精( しらげ ) • (shirage )
rice polishing , ricemilling polished ormilled rice excellence ^ “精 ”, in漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia ][1] (in Japanese),The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation ,2015–2025 ^ Matsumura, Akira , editor (2006 ),大辞林 [Daijirin ] (in Japanese), Third edition,Tokyo :Sanseidō ,→ISBN ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute , editor (1998 ),NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary ] (in Japanese),Tokyo :NHK Publishing, Inc. ,→ISBN 精 • (jeong ) (hangeul 정 ,revised jeong,McCune–Reischauer chŏng,Yale ceng)
This term needs a translation to English. Please help out andadd a translation , then remove the text{{rfdef }}
. 精 :Hán Nôm readings:tinh [ 1] [ 2] [ 3]
pure ,unadulterated ;refined essence ,spirit detailed ,conscientious smart ,clever energy ,vigour demon ;goblin ;spirit semen ,seminal fluid , asperm cell