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U+7B11,笑
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7B11

[U+7B10]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+7B12]

Translingual

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Stroke order
10 strokes

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 118,+4, 10 strokes,cangjie input竹竹大 (HHK),four-corner88432,composition𥫗)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary:page 879, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25885
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1307, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2950, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+7B11

Chinese

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trad.
simp.#
alternative forms


𥬇
𠺑
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Warring StatesShuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)
Chu slip and silk scriptSmall seal script
Characters in the samephonetic series ()(Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*sqʰows
*qoːwʔ, *qrow, *qrowʔ
*qoːwʔ, *qoːws
*qoːwʔ, *qrowʔ
*qrow
*qrow
*qrow
*qrow
*qrowʔ
*qrowʔ
*pa, *qu
*qos
*qoːwɢ
*qoːwɢ

Originally ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意) orphono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*sqʰows): phonetic (OC*sʰuːʔ,grass) + semantic (dog).Later,phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*sqʰows): semantic + phonetic (OC*qoːwʔ, *qrow, *qrowʔ).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • cieo4/ciao4 - vernacular;
  • sieo4/siao4 - literary.
Note:
  • chhiò - vernacular;
  • chhiàu - vernacular (used in some compounds, may also be considered literary);
  • siàu - literary.
Note:
  • ciê3 - Chaozhou;
  • cio3 - Shantou, Jieyang, Chaoyang.
    • (Leizhou)
      • Leizhou Pinyin:qio3 / xiao3
      • SinologicalIPA:/t͡sʰiɔ²¹/, /siau²¹/
Note:
  • qio3 - vernacular;
  • xiao3 - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading #1/1
Initial () (16)
Final () (91)
Tone (調)Departing (H)
Openness (開合)Open
Division ()III
Fanqie
BaxtersjewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/siᴇuH/
Pan
Wuyun
/siɛuH/
Shao
Rongfen
/sjæuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/siawH/
Li
Rong
/siɛuH/
Wang
Li
/sĭɛuH/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/si̯ɛuH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xiào
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
siu3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading #1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xiào
Middle
Chinese
‹ sjewH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[s-l]aw-s/
Englishto laugh

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading #1/1
No.14621
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
3
Corresponding
MC rime
𥬇
Old
Chinese
/*sqʰows/
Notes

Definitions

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  1. (intransitive) tolaugh; tosmile
      ― xiàoróng  ―  smile
    唔識唔识[Cantonese]  ― m4 sik1siu3[Jyutping]  ―  never smiles
  2. (transitive) tolaugh at; toridicule
    點解你哋成日[Cantonese,trad.]
    点解你哋成日[Cantonese,simp.]
    dim2 gaai2 nei5 dei6 seng4 jat6siu3 ngo5 gaa3?[Jyutping]
    Why do you guys alwayslaugh at me?
  3. (ditransitive) tolaugh at; toridicule
    唔識廣東話[Cantonese,trad.]
    唔识广东话[Cantonese,simp.]
    siu3 keoi5 m4 sik1 gong2 gwong2 dung1 waa6-2[Jyutping]
    tomake fun of them for not knowing how to speak Cantonese
  4. (literary, or in compounds)funny;amusing
      ― xiàohuà  ―  joke (literally, “funny words”)
  5. (obsolete, figurative) toblossom; tobloom
  6. (rare)asurname

Synonyms

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  • (to laugh):
Dialectal synonyms of (“to laugh; to smile”)[map]
VarietyLocationWords
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)
Northeastern MandarinBeijing,
Taiwan
Harbin
Malaysia
Singapore
Olginsky(Mikhaylovka)
Jilu MandarinJinan
Central Plains MandarinWanrong
Xi'an
Southwestern MandarinChengdu
Wuhan,
Guilin
Jianghuai MandarinYangzhou
Hefei
CantoneseGuangzhou
Hong Kong
Yangjiang
Beihai
Beihai(Qiaogang - Cô Tô)
Beihai(Qiaogang - Cát Bà)
Fangchenggang(Fangcheng)
Ho Chi Minh City(Guangfu)
Móng Cái
GanNanchang
Pingxiang
HakkaMeixian
Miaoli(N. Sixian)
Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian)
Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu)
Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu)
Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping)
Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an)
HuizhouJixi
JinTaiyuan
Northern MinJian'ou
Eastern MinFuzhou
Southern MinXiamen
Quanzhou
Zhangzhou
Manila(Hokkien)
Chaozhou
Southern PinghuaNanning(Tingzi)
Binyang
ShehuaFu'an
Fuding
Luoyuan
Sanming
Shunchang
Hua'an
Guixi(Zhangping)
Cangnan
Jingning(Hexi)
Lishui
Longyou
Chaozhou
Fengshun
WaxiangGuzhang(Gaofeng)
Yuanling(Shaojiwan)
Luxi(Baisha)
WuShanghai
Suzhou
Danyang
Hangzhou
Wenzhou
XiangChangsha
Shuangfeng
  • (to ridicule):
edit

See also

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  • (to laugh at): (cháo), (chī)

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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See also:

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. tolaugh;laughter
  2. tosmile; asmile

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
わら(い)
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
Alternative spellings
笑い
嗤い
咲い
JapaneseWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediaja

The連用形(ren'yōkei,continuative or stem form) of verb笑う(warau,to laugh; to smile).[1][2]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(わらい) (waraiわらひ(warafi)?

  1. alaugh,laughing,laughter
  2. asmile,smiling
Usage notes
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More commonly spelled with theokurigana, as笑い.

Thewarai reading is more commonly associated with thelaugh senses. Theemi reading is more commonly associated with thesmile senses.

Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
え(み)
Grade: 4
kun'yomi

The連用形(ren'yōkei,continuative or stem form) of verb笑む(emu,to smile; to bloom).[1][2]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(えみ) (emiゑみ(wemi)?

  1. asmile,smiling
  2. abloom,blooming
  3. theopening of anut or otherfruit as itripens
Usage notes
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More commonly spelled with theokurigana, as笑み.

Theemi reading is more commonly associated with thesmile senses. Thewarai reading is more commonly associated with thelaugh senses.

Proper noun

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(えみ) (Emiゑみ(Wemi)?

  1. a femalegiven name
  2. asurname

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term

Grade: 4
kun'yomi

Likely related to theemi above. Perhaps a contraction of such.(Canthis(+) etymology besourced?)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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() (e(we)?

  1. (in compounds)smile
Derived terms
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Etymology 4

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Kanji in this term
Grade: 4
irregular
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
(笑)
[punctuation mark]Used at the end of a phrase to indicate that the speaker is laughing.
[punctuation mark](informal, Internet)LOL
[punctuation mark]Used at the end of a phrase to indicate that the audience is laughing.
Alternative spellings
(藁),
(This term,, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

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  1. 1.01.1Shōgaku Tosho (1988),国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese),Tōkyō:Shogakukan,→ISBN
  2. 2.02.12.22.3Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006),大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition,Tokyo:Sanseidō,→ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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(eumhun웃을(useul so))

  1. hanja form? of(laugh)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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:Hán Nôm readings:tiếu,téo

  1. chữ Hán form oftiếu(laugh)

Compounds

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