InTraditional Chinese, the component on the left ofU+79AE is礻. In Koreanhanja and Japanesekyūjitai, the component on the left ofU+79AE is示 rather than礻, which is also the historical form that appears in theKangxi dictionary. ACJK compatibility ideograph exists atU+F9B6 to reflect the form found in the Kangxi dictionary.

禮 (Kangxi radical 113,示+13, 18 strokes,cangjie input戈火廿田廿 (IFTWT),four-corner3521₈,composition⿰礻豊(GHTV) or⿰示豊(JK orU+F9B6))

• 𡅏,𡓾,𡤠,𢹿,𣠲,𧕬,𨰋

• 礼(Japaneseshinjitai andSimplified Chinese)

• Kangxi Dictionary:page 847, character 7
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24844
• Dae Jaweon: page 1268, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2409, character 14
• Unihan data for U+79AE

• Unihan data for U+F9B6

Historical forms of the character禮
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States		Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Ancient script	Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*riːʔ) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 礻(“altar”) + phonetic 豊(OC*riːʔ,“ceremony”) – performing rites at the altar.

Originally written豊, see there for more.

Uncertain.Schuessler (2007) proposes that this is an oldareal etymon. CompareTibetanཞེ་ས(zhe sa,“respect, honor, deference”),རྗེ་བོ(rje bo,“lord, nobleman”),རྗེད(rjed,“to honor; reverence”);Mru[script needed](ri,“ritual”) is possibly borrowed fromAustroasiatic (cf.Mon[script needed](rèh seh,“to respect, to revere”); ThinKhmu[script needed](rɛh,“to lift up”); both fromProto-Mon-Khmer*reh(“to raise up, to exalt”)).

禮

1. ritual;rite;ceremony

   婚禮／婚礼  ― hūnlǐ  ―  wedding

   喪禮／丧礼  ― sānglǐ  ―  funeral

   • 我孔熯矣、式禮莫愆。[Pre-Classical Chinese,trad.]
     我孔熯矣、式礼莫愆。[Pre-Classical Chinese,simp.]

     From: TheClassic of Poetry,c. 11^th – 7^th centuriesBCE, translated based onJames Legge's version

     Wǒ kǒng shàn yǐ, shìlǐ mò qiān.[Pinyin]

     We are very much exhausted, and have performed everyceremony without error.

   • 卒廷見相如，畢禮而歸之。[Classical Chinese,trad.]
     卒廷见相如，毕礼而归之。[Classical Chinese,simp.]

     From: TheRecords of the Grand Historian, bySima Qian,c. 91BCE

     Zú tíng jiàn Xiāngrú, bìlǐ ér guī zhī.[Pinyin]

     In the end, (King Zhaoxiang of Qin) granted(Lin) Xiangru an audience at his court, completed theceremonies, and sent him back.

2. rules ofetiquette;rules ofpropriety

   • 夫子循循然善誘人，博我以文，約我以禮。[Classical Chinese,trad.]
     夫子循循然善诱人，博我以文，约我以礼。[Classical Chinese,simp.]

     From: TheAnalects of Confucius,c. 475 – 221BCE, translated based onJames Legge's version

     Fūzǐ xúnxún rán shànyòu rén, bó wǒ yǐ wén, yuē wǒ yǐlǐ.[Pinyin]

     The Master, by orderly method, skillfully leads men on. He enlarged my mind with learning, and taught me therestraints of propriety.

   • 夫禮者，所以定親疏，決嫌疑，別同異，明是非也。[Classical Chinese,trad.]
     夫礼者，所以定亲疏，决嫌疑，别同异，明是非也。[Classical Chinese,simp.]

     From: TheBook of Rites,c. 4^th – 2^nd centuryBCE

     Fúlǐ zhě, suǒyǐ dìng qīnshū, jué xiányí, bié tóngyì, míng shìfēi yě.[Pinyin]

     They are therules of propriety, that furnish the means of determining (the observances towards) relatives, as near and remote; of settling points which may cause suspicion or doubt; of distinguishing where there should be agreement, and where difference; and of making clear what is right and what is wrong.

3. courtesy;etiquette;manners

   敬禮／敬礼  ― jìnglǐ  ―  to salute

   禮多人不怪／礼多人不怪  ― lǐduōrénbùguài  ―  nobody will find fault with extra courtesy

4. present;gift(Classifier:份mc)

   禮物／礼物  ― lǐwù  ―  gift

5. totreat withrespect andcourtesy

   敬賢禮士／敬贤礼士  ― jìngxiánlǐshì  ―  totreat worthies and intellectuals respectfully andcourteously

6. 48thtetragram of theTaixuanjing; "ritual" (𝌵)
7. asurname

Usually, a single禮／礼 (lǐ) refers to a gift that involves more serious social interaction. For gifts between friends,禮物／礼物 (lǐwù) is used instead.

• “禮”, in漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1],香港中文大學 (theChinese University of Hong Kong),2014–

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji,shinjitai form礼)

1. Kyūjitai form of礼(“propriety;courtesy;politeness;etiquette”)

• Go-on:らい(rai)
• Kan-on:れい(rei)
• Nanori:ひろ(hiro)、れ(re)

FromMiddle Chinese禮 (MC lejX).

• (SK Standard/Seoul)IPA^(key):[ɾje̞] ~ [je̞]
• Phonetic hangul:[례/예]

KoreanWikisource has texts containing thehanja:

禮

禮 (eumhun례도/예도례(ryedo/yedo rye),word-initial (South Korea)례도/예도예(ryedo/yedo ye))

1. hanja form^? of례/예(“manners;etiquette”)

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary,전자사전／電子字典.[2]

禮:Hán Việt readings:lễ (里(lí)弟(đệ)切(thiết))^[1][2][3]
禮:Nôm readings:lễ^[1][2][4],lạy^[3][5],lẻ^[1][3][5][4],lẫy^[2][3][5][4],rẽ^[2][3],rẩy^[2][5],lẩy^[3][5],lãi^[3][4],lể^[5][4],lởi^[3],lỡi^[3],lấy^[3],lảy^[4],rẻ^[4]

1. chữ Hán form oflễ(“ritual;etiquette; tokowtow; anoffering;ceremony”)
2. chữ Nôm form oflạy(“tokowtow”)
3. chữ Nôm form oflẻ(“odd(notdivisible bytwo)”)

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