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甫 (Kangxi radical 101,用+2, 7 strokes,cangjie input戈十月 (IJB),four-corner53227,composition⿻⿺十丶月)
| Historical forms of the character甫 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan) | Liushutong (compiled inMing) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
 |  |  |  |
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 豧 | *pʰoːs, *pʰa, *pʰas |
| 縛 | *baːɡs, *baɡ |
| 逋 | *paː |
| 餔 | *paː, *baːs |
| 晡 | *paː |
| 庯 | *paː |
| 陠 | *paː, *pʰaː |
| 鵏 | *paː, *baːs |
| 峬 | *paː |
| 誧 | *paː, *pʰaː, *pʰaːʔ, *pʰaːs |
| 秿 | *paː, *pʰa, *baʔ |
| 鯆 | *paː, *pʰaː, *paʔ |
| 補 | *paːʔ |
| 圃 | *paːʔ, *paːs |
| 鋪 | *pʰaː, *pʰaːs, *pʰa |
| 痡 | *pʰaː, *pʰa |
| 浦 | *pʰaːʔ |
| 烳 | *pʰaːʔ |
| 溥 | *pʰaːʔ, *paːɡ |
| 悑 | *pʰaːs |
| 酺 | *baː |
| 匍 | *baː |
| 蜅 | *baː, *paʔ |
| 脯 | *baː, *paʔ |
| 葡 | *baː |
| 蒱 | *baː |
| 蒲 | *baː |
| 簿 | *baːʔ, *baːɡ |
| 捕 | *baːs |
| 哺 | *baːs |
| 簠 | *pa, *paʔ, *pʰas |
| 甫 | *paʔ |
| 黼 | *paʔ |
| 莆 | *paʔ |
| 俌 | *paʔ, *pʰaʔ |
| 郙 | *paʔ, *pʰa |
| 傅 | *paɡs |
| 搏 | *paɡs, *paːɡ, *pʰaːɡ |
| 麱 | *pʰa |
| 尃 | *pʰa |
| 榑 | *ba |
| 輔 | *baʔ |
| 鬴 | *baʔ |
| 賻 | *baɡs |
| 博 | *paːɡ |
| 髆 | *paːɡ |
| 鎛 | *paːɡ |
| 猼 | *paːɡ |
| 餺 | *paːɡ |
| 簙 | *paːɡ |
| 鑮 | *paːɡ, *baːɡ |
| 欂 | *paːɡ, *baɡ, *breːɡ |
| 蒪 | *pʰaːɡ |
| 膊 | *pʰaːɡ |
| 薄 | *baːɡ |
| 礡 | *baːɡ |
In oracle bone script, ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 屮(“vegetation”) + 田(“field”) – garden, original form of圃.
In bronze inscriptions, the components屮 and田 corrupted into父 and用 respectively.父 (OC*paʔ, *baʔ) became a sound component, making the characterphono-semantic (形聲 /形声,OC*paʔ).
In the modern form the components have merged into a single shape.
| simp. andtrad. | 甫 | |
|---|---|---|
Probably cognate with父 (OC*paʔ, “father”) (Schuessler, 2007).
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 甫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 方矩切 |
| Baxter | pjuX |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pɨoX/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pioX/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pioX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /puə̆X/ |
| Li Rong | /pioX/ |
| Wang Li | /pĭuX/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pi̯uX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fǔ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fu2 |
甫
| simp. andtrad. | 甫 | |
|---|---|---|
Sino-Tibetan. Cognate with方 (OC*paŋ, “just now”) (Pulleybank, 1962). Also compareTibeto-Burman words for “to begin”:Proto-Kuki-Chin*pran,Jingphohpang,Phombaŋ⁵⁵,Bahingpreŋ.
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 甫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 方矩切 |
| Baxter | pjuX |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pɨoX/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pioX/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pioX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /puə̆X/ |
| Li Rong | /pioX/ |
| Wang Li | /pĭuX/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pi̯uX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fǔ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fu2 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 甫 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | fǔ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ pjuX › |
| Old Chinese | /*p(r)aʔ/ |
| English | begin |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 甫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3448 |
| Phonetic component | 甫 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 甫 |
| Old Chinese | /*paʔ/ |
| Notes | 甲文象蔬在田不似父聲 |
甫
| simp. andtrad. | 甫 | |
|---|---|---|
Sino-Tibetan.Endoactive of a root*PA(ʔ) (Schuessler, 2007). Cognate with佈 (OC*paːs, “to spread; to display; to announce”),博 (OC*paːɡ, “wide”),溥 (OC*pʰaːʔ, “vast; wide”),敷 (OC*pʰa, “to lay out; to apply”),鋪 (OC*pʰa, *pʰaː, “to spread”) (Schuessler, 2007). Also compareProto-Kuki-Chin*phaʔ(“to spread; to stretch”).
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 甫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 方矩切 |
| Baxter | pjuX |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pɨoX/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pioX/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pioX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /puə̆X/ |
| Li Rong | /pioX/ |
| Wang Li | /pĭuX/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pi̯uX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fǔ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fu2 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 甫 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | fǔ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ pjuX › |
| Old Chinese | /*praʔ/ |
| English | great |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 甫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3448 |
| Phonetic component | 甫 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 甫 |
| Old Chinese | /*paʔ/ |
| Notes | 甲文象蔬在田不似父聲 |
甫
| simp. andtrad. | 甫 | |
|---|---|---|
甫
| simp. andtrad. | 甫 | |
|---|---|---|
(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)
甫
| simp. andtrad. | 甫 | |
|---|---|---|
甫
| simp. andtrad. | 甫 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 悑 肏 扑Mandarinized transcription | |
(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)
甫
甫• (bo) (hangeul보,revised bo,McCune–Reischauer po,Yale po)
{{rfdef}}.甫:Hán Nôm readings:phủ,bo,bô,bố
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