漢語

1. theChinese language(s)

   說蹩腳漢語／说蹩脚汉语  ― shuō biéjiǎohànyǔ  ―  to speak terribleChinese

   沉浸式漢語教學／沉浸式汉语教学  ― chénjìnshìhànyǔ jiàoxué  ―  teaching ofChinese by immersion

   《聲調在漢語音節感知中的作用》[MSC,trad.]
   《声调在汉语音节感知中的作用》[MSC,simp.]

   “shēngdiào zàihànyǔ yīnjié gǎnzhī zhōng de zuòyòng”[Pinyin]

   The role of tone inChinese syllable perception

   你會說漢語嗎？／你会说汉语吗？  ― Nǐ huì shuōhànyǔ ma?  ―  Can you speakChinese?

   她既會說英語又會說漢語。[MSC,trad.]
   她既会说英语又会说汉语。[MSC,simp.]

   Tā jì huì shuō yīngyǔ yòu huì shuōhànyǔ.[Pinyin]

   She can speak both English andChinese.

   學習漢語發音一定要分清楚聲調。[MSC,trad.]
   学习汉语发音一定要分清楚声调。[MSC,simp.]

   Xuéxíhànyǔ fāyīn yīdìng yào fēn qīngchǔ shēngdiào.[Pinyin]

   It is essential to distinguish different tones when studyingChinese.

2. (narrow sense) the language of theHan Chinese

• In mainland China, Standard Mandarin is usually called中文 (Zhōngwén) or普通話／普通话 (pǔtōnghuà), while國語／国语 (guóyǔ) may also be used colloquially, especially in regions where non-Mandarin varieties are spoken.漢語／汉语 (Hànyǔ) is also commonly used in formal situations and by ethnic minorities to contrast it with their own ethnic language.
• In Taiwan, it is most commonly referred to as中文 (Zhōngwén) or國語／国语 (guóyǔ) when speaking Mandarin; while華語／华语 (Huáyǔ) is often used when distinguishing Mandarin from the other national languages, such as Taiwanese and Hakka; when speaking Taiwanese and Hakka; and in foreign-facing contexts.
• In Hong Kong and Macau, it has usually been called國語／国语, but普通話／普通话 is becoming more common with further immigration from and integration with mainland China.
• In Singapore, Malaysia and much of South East Asia, it is most commonly referred to as華語／华语 (Huáyǔ).

• 國語／国语 (guóyǔ)
• 普通話／普通话 (pǔtōnghuà)
• 中國話／中国话 (Zhōngguóhuà)
• 中文 (Zhōngwén)

• “漢語”, in重編國語辭典修訂本 [Revised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary] (in Chinese),National Academy for Educational Research (Taiwan),2021.
• 李如龙[Li, Ru-long];刘福铸[Liu, Fu-zhu];吴华英[Wu, Hua-ying];黄国城[Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019),莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min),Xiamen University Press,→ISBN, page38.

JapaneseWikipedia has an article on:

漢語

Wikipedia^ja

EnglishWikipedia has an article on:

Sino-Japanese vocabulary

Wikipedia

FromMiddle Chinese漢語 (MC xanH ngjoX, “Han, Chinese + speech, language”).

• (Tokyo)かんご[kàńgó] (Heiban – [0])^[2][1]
• IPA^(key): [kã̠ŋɡo̞]

• (Kyōto)かんご [kàǹgó] (Teiki – [0])^[1]

漢(かん)語(ご)• (kango) 

1. kango, a Japanese word of Chinese origin, or a Japanese word coined along Chinese lines (a Sino-Japanese word)

   Antonym:(Japanese word of native Japanese origin)和語(wago)

2. (less commonly) the Chinese language

   Synonym:中国語(Chūgokugo)

3. the ancient Chineselanguage, the language of theHan (漢 /汉(hàn))ethnicity

Kango are usually written inkanji, and read with theon'yomi (音読み). Contrast withwago (和語), which may be written in kanji read with thekun'yomi (訓読み) or in kana only.

Kango are derived fromClassical Chinese. They are composed of words that:

1. retained their original meanings in Classical Chinese, such as天(ten,“heaven”),天下(tenka,“the world”) or菩薩(bosatsu,“bodhisattva”)
2. were repurposed to translate Western concepts, such as社会(shakai,“society”),文化(bunka,“culture”),過渡(kato,“transition”) or博士(hakushi,“doctor”)
3. were newly coined from Classical Chinese syllables, morphemes or graphemes, such as出超(shutchō,“trade surplus”) or腺(sen,“gland”), where words coined from more than one syllable are calledwasei kango (和製漢語) and coined kanji are calledkokuji (国字)

Note that some words of Chinese origin are not considered kango, such as北京(Pekin,“Beijing”)(agairaigo (外来語) borrowed from a modern Chinese language),銭(zeni,“money”) or博士(hakase,“doctor”) (both of which have undergone irregular shifts from their original Chinese pronunciation).

字音語

• 音(おん)読(よ)み(on'yomi)

• “漢語”, in漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese),The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation,2015–2026

漢語• (haneo) (hangeul한어)

1. hanja form^? of한어(“Chineselanguage”)

漢語

1. chữ Hán form ofHán ngữ(“Chineselanguage”)

• Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation
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• Japanese links with redundant wikilinks
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• Chinese terms with redundant script codes
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