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渠 (Kangxi radical 85,水+9, 12 strokes,cangjie input水尸木 (ESD),four-corner31904,composition⿱洰木)
| Historical forms of the character渠 |
|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan) |
| Small seal script |
 |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*ɡa): semantic 水(“water”) + abbreviated phonetic 榘(OC*kʷaʔ).
| trad. | 渠 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp.# | 渠 | |
| 2nd round simp. | 洰 | |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 渠 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 強魚切 |
| Baxter | gjo |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡɨʌ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡiɔ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiɔ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /gɨə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡiɔ/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭo/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gi̯wo/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | keoi4 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 渠 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | qú |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ gjo › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ](r)a/ |
| English | canal |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 渠 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7042 |
| Phonetic component | 巨 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡa/ |
渠
Unlike溝／沟 (gōu), which refers to both artificial and natural watercourses,渠 (qú) refers only to artificial watercourses.
| trad. | 渠 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp.# | 渠 | |
| 2nd round simp. | 洰 | |
| alternative forms | 𠍲 佢dialectal 伊S. Sixian Hakka; Shanghainese | |
Attested since 4th to 5th centuryCE, preserved in many central and southern dialects (Schuessler, 2007). See佢 and伊.
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 渠 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 強魚切 |
| Baxter | gjo |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡɨʌ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡiɔ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiɔ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /gɨə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡiɔ/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭo/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gi̯wo/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | keoi4 |
渠
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