Movatterモバイル変換

Jump to content

液

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

液	U+6DB2,液 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6DB2

←涱
[U+6DB1]

CJK Unified Ideographs

涳 →
[U+6DB3]

Translingual

Han character

液 (Kangxi radical 85,水+8, 11 strokes,cangjie input水卜人大 (EYOK),four-corner3014₇,composition⿰氵夜)

Derived characters

𦟸

References

Kangxi Dictionary:page 628, character 4
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17586
Dae Jaweon: page 1029, character 26
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1658, character 2
Unihan data for U+6DB2

Chinese

trad.		液
simp.^#		液
alternative forms		洂

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character液
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)
Small seal script

Characters in the samephonetic series (亦)(Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
夜	*laːɡs
鵺	*laːɡs
迹	*ʔsleːɡ
跡	*ʔsleːɡ
亦	*laːɡ
弈	*laːɡ
奕	*laːɡ
帟	*laːɡ
腋	*laːɡ
掖	*laːɡ
焲	*laːɡ
液	*laːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*laːɡ): semantic 氵(“water”) + phonetic 夜(OC*laːɡs) – a liquid, like water.

Etymology

FromProto-Sino-Tibetan*s-rjak(“oil; fat; grease”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin):yè,yì
(Zhuyin):ㄧㄝˋ, ㄧˋ
Cantonese(Jyutping):jik⁶ /jat⁶
Eastern Min(BUC):ĭk
Puxian Min(Pouseng Ping'ing):sieo⁷ / ih⁷
Southern Min
(Hokkien,POJ):sio̍h /e̍k /ia̍k
(Teochew,Peng'im):siêh⁸ / sioh⁸ / êg⁸
Wu(Northern,Wugniu):⁸yiq /⁸yeq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard inMainland andTaiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:yè
  - Zhuyin:ㄧㄝˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:yè
  - Wade–Giles:yeh⁴
  - Yale:yè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:yeh
  - Palladius:е(je)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/jɛ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, variant inTaiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:yì
  - Zhuyin:ㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:yì
  - Wade–Giles:i⁴
  - Yale:yì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:yih
  - Palladius:и(i)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/i⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:jik⁶ / jat⁶
  - Yale:yihk / yaht
  - Cantonese Pinyin:jik⁹ / jat⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization:yig⁶ / yed⁶
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/jɪk̚²/, /jɐt̚²/

Note: jat6 - rare.

Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê:ĭk
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/iʔ⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:sieo⁷
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍:sa̤u̍h
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ɬieu¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:sieo⁷
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ɬieu²⁴/
- (Putian,Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:ih⁷
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍:i̍h
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/iʔ⁴/

Note:

sieo7 - vernacular;
ih7 - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Quanzhou,Zhangzhou,GeneralTaiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:sio̍h
  - Tâi-lô:sio̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun:sioih
  - SinologicalIPA (Quanzhou):/sioʔ²⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Taipei):/sioʔ⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Kaohsiung):/siɤʔ⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Zhangzhou):/sioʔ¹²¹/
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Zhangzhou,GeneralTaiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:e̍k
  - Tâi-lô:i̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun:ek
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Taipei,Kaohsiung):/iɪk̚⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Zhangzhou):/iɪk̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien:Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:ia̍k
  - Tâi-lô:ia̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun:iak
  - SinologicalIPA (Quanzhou):/iak̚²⁴/

Note:

sio̍h - vernacular (“sweat-like secretions”);
e̍k/ia̍k - literary (“liquid; sap; thick broth; to cook something on slow fire”).

(Teochew)
- Peng'im:siêh⁸ / sioh⁸ / êg⁸
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:sie̍h / sio̍h / e̍k
- SinologicalIPA^(key):/sieʔ⁴/, /sioʔ⁴/, /ek̚⁴/

Note:

siêh8/sioh8 - vernacular;
êg8 - literary.

Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai,Jiading,Suzhou,Hangzhou,Shaoxing,Ningbo,Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu:⁸yiq
  - MiniDict:yih^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):⁵hhiq
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/ɦiɪʔ¹²/
  - SinologicalIPA (Jiading):/ɦiɪʔ¹²/
  - SinologicalIPA (Suzhou):/ɦiɪʔ²³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Hangzhou):/ɦiəʔ²³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Shaoxing):/ɦieʔ²³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Ningbo):/ɦiɪʔ¹²/
  - SinologicalIPA (Zhoushan):/ɦiəʔ¹²/
- (Northern:Songjiang)
  - Wugniu:⁸yeq
  - SinologicalIPA (Songjiang):/ɦiʌʔ²²/

Middle Chinese:yek

Rime
Character	液
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	昔 (123)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	羊益切
Baxter	yek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiᴇk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɛk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/iæk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jiajk̚/
Li Rong	/iɛk̚/
Wang Li	/jĭɛk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯ɛk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jik⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart):/*ɢrAk/
(Zhengzhang):/*laːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	液
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yè
Middle Chinese	‹ yek ›
Old Chinese	/*ɢrAk/
English	fluid
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	液
Reading #	1/1
No.	15003
Phonetic component	亦
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	繹
Old Chinese	/*laːɡ/

Definitions

液

liquid;fluid
體液／体液 ― tǐyè ― bodily fluid
sap;juice
asurname,Ye orYi
(Hokkien)sweat-like secretions(from one's hand, foot, etc.)
(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien)thick broth extracted fromfood inslow fire
(Quanzhou Hokkien) tocook something onslow fire; toextract something using heat

Synonyms

(liquid):

流質 /流质(liúzhì)
液體 /液体(yètǐ)

(to cook something on slow fire):熬 (áo)

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 液

液

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

liquid

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
液
えき Grade: 5
on'yomi

FromMiddle Chinese液(yek,“liquid”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo)えき[éꜜkì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [e̞kʲi]

Noun

液(えき)• (eki)

liquid

References

^Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006),大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition,Tokyo:Sanseidō,→ISBN
^NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998),NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese),Tokyo:NHK Publishing, Inc.,→ISBN

Korean

Hanja

液 (eumhun진 액(jin aek))

hanja form^? of액(“liquid”)

Vietnamese

Han character

液:Hán Nôm readings:giá,dịch,nhịch

sap,juice,liquid,fluid

Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=液&oldid=87589508"

Hidden categories:

[8]ページ先頭

©2009-2026 Movatter.jp