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洛陽

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:洛阳and落陽

Chinese

		surname; name of a river	positive (electric.); sun; male
trad.(洛陽)		洛	陽
simp.(洛阳)		洛	阳
alternative forms		雒陽／雒阳

Wikipedia has articles on:

洛陽市(Written Standard Chinese^?)
洛陽(Cantonese)
洛陽(Classical)
Lŏk-iòng(Eastern Min)
Lo̍k-iông-chhī(Southern Min)
Luoyang(English)

Etymology 1

Yang (north) of theLuo River; based onYin and yang toponymy in whichnorth is associated withyang.Luoyang is situated to the north of the Luo River.^[1]

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin):Luòyáng
(Zhuyin):ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄧㄤˊ
Cantonese(Jyutping):lok³ joeng⁴ / lok⁶ joeng⁴
Hakka
(Sixian,PFS):Lo̍k-yòng
(Meixian,Guangdong):log⁶ yong²
Eastern Min(BUC):Lŏk-iòng
Southern Min
(Hokkien,POJ):Lo̍k-iông /Lo̍k-iâng
(Teochew,Peng'im):log⁸ iang⁵
Wu(Shanghai,Wugniu):⁸loq-yan

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:Luòyáng
  - Zhuyin:ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄧㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:Luòyáng
  - Wade–Giles:Lo⁴-yang²
  - Yale:Lwò-yáng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:Luohyang
  - Palladius:Лоян(Lojan)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping:lok³ joeng⁴ / lok⁶ joeng⁴
  - Yale:lok yèuhng / lohk yèuhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin:lok⁸ joeng⁴ / lok⁹ joeng⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization:log³ yêng⁴ / log⁶ yêng⁴
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/lɔːk̚³ jœːŋ²¹/, /lɔːk̚² jœːŋ²¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl.Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:Lo̍k-yòng
  - Hakka Romanization System:log iong^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim:log⁶ yong²
  - SinologicalIPA:/lok̚⁵ i̯oŋ¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl.Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:Lo̍k-yòng
  - Hakka Romanization System:log (r)iong^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim:log⁶ yong²
  - SinologicalIPA:/lok̚⁵ (j)i̯oŋ¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong:log⁶ yong²
  - SinologicalIPA:/lɔk̚⁵ iɔŋ¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê:Lŏk-iòng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/l̃ouʔ⁵⁻³³ yoŋ⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Quanzhou,GeneralTaiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:Lo̍k-iông
  - Tâi-lô:Lo̍k-iông
  - Phofsit Daibuun:log'ioong
  - IPA (Quanzhou):/lɔk̚²⁴⁻² iɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen,Taipei):/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² iɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung):/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² iɔŋ²³/
- (Hokkien:Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:Lo̍k-iâng
  - Tâi-lô:Lo̍k-iâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun:log'iaang
  - IPA (Zhangzhou):/lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ iaŋ¹³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im:log⁸ iang⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:lo̍k iâng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/lok̚⁴⁻² iaŋ⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai)
  - Wugniu:⁸loq-yan
  - MiniDict:loh^入 yan
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):⁵loq-hhian
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/loʔ¹¹ ɦiã²³/

Middle Chinese:lak yang

Rime
Character	洛	陽
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	盧各切	與章切
Baxter	lak	yang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɑk̚/	/jɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/lɑk̚/	/jiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/lɑk̚/	/iɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lak̚/	/jɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/lɑk̚/	/iaŋ/
Wang Li	/lɑk̚/	/jĭaŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/lɑk̚/	/i̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	luò	yáng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lok⁶	joeng⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang):/*ɡ·raːɡ laŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	陽
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yáng
Middle Chinese	‹ yang ›
Old Chinese	/*laŋ/
English	bright
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	洛	陽
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	3866	14590
Phonetic component	各	昜
Rime group	鐸	陽
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	落	陽
Old Chinese	/*ɡ·raːɡ/	/*laŋ/

Proper noun

洛陽

(～市)Luoyang (aprefecture-level city ofHenan,China)
(～鎮)Luoyang (atown in the district ofZengdu in the prefecture-level city ofSuizhou,Hubei,China)

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (洛陽):

→ Japanese:洛陽(らくよう)(Rakuyō)
→ Korean:낙양(洛陽)(Nagyang)
→ Vietnamese:Lạc Dương(洛陽)

Others:

→ English:Luoyang
→ Thai:ลั่วหยาง,ลกเอี๋ยง

Etymology 2

		surname; name of a river	positive (electric.); sun; male
trad.(洛陽)		洛	陽
simp.(洛阳)		洛	阳
alternative forms		樂洋／乐洋落洋

Wikipedia has articles on:

洛陽鎮 (惠安縣)(Written Standard Chinese^?)
洛陽江(Written Standard Chinese^?)
Luoyang River(English)

Popularly considered to be a beautified form (雅化) of落洋.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin):Luòyáng
(Zhuyin):ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄧㄤˊ
Southern Min(Hokkien,POJ):Lo̍h-iûⁿ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:Luòyáng
  - Zhuyin:ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄧㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:Luòyáng
  - Wade–Giles:Lo⁴-yang²
  - Yale:Lwò-yáng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:Luohyang
  - Palladius:Лоян(Lojan)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Quanzhou,Hui'an)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:Lo̍h-iûⁿ
  - Tâi-lô:Lo̍h-iûnn
  - Phofsit Daibuun:loiq'viuu
  - IPA (Xiamen):/lo(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ iũ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou):/lo(ʔ)²⁴⁻² iũ²⁴/
  - IPA (Hui'an):/lo(ʔ)²³⁻² iũ²⁴/

Proper noun

洛陽

(～鎮)Luoyang (atown inHui'an County in the prefecture-level city ofQuanzhou,Fujian,China)
(～江)Luoyang (ariver in the prefecture-level city ofQuanzhou,Fujian,China)

Derived terms

洛陽橋 /洛阳桥

References

^Luoyang, inEncyclopædia Britannica: "it was named Luoyang because it was north (yang) of the Luo River,"

Japanese

JapaneseWikipedia has an article on:

洛陽

Kanji in this term
洛	陽
らく Jinmeiyō	よう Grade: 3
on'yomi

Proper noun

洛(らく)陽(よう)• (Rakuyō) ^{←らくやう(Rakuyau)^?}

Luoyang (aprefecture-level city ofHenan,China)
As a poetic name for Kyoto, Japan, as an allusion to the virtues of Luoyang

Korean

Hanja in this term
洛	陽

Proper noun

洛陽• (Nagyang) (hangeul낙양)

hanja form^? of낙양(“Luoyang”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
洛	陽

Proper noun

洛陽

chữ Hán form ofLạc Dương(“Luoyang”)

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