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殷

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:慇

殷	U+6BB7,殷 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6BB7

←殶
[U+6BB6]

CJK Unified Ideographs

殸 →
[U+6BB8]

Translingual

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Han character

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殷 (Kangxi radical 79,殳+6, 10 strokes,cangjie input竹尸竹弓水 (HSHNE),four-corner2724₇,composition⿰㐆殳)

References

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Kangxi Dictionary:page 585, character 2
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16627
Dae Jaweon: page 977, character 19
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2156, character 4
Unihan data for U+6BB7

Chinese

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simp. andtrad.		殷

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character殷
Shang	Western Zhou
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions

Characters in the samephonetic series (殷)(Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
殷	qrɯːn, qɯn
慇	*qɯn
溵	*qɯn
磤	*qɯnʔ

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 㐆(“diseased person with a swollen stomach”) + 十(“needle”) + 又(“hand”) — to treat disease.^[1]

Etymology

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Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Is殷 (OC*qɯn) related to鳦 (OC*qriːd, *qrid) &燕 (OC*qeːns), both meaning "swallow"? Xie / Qi (契), the mythical ancestor of the Shang kings, was conceived after lady Jiandi (簡狄) swallowed the egg of the black bird (玄鳥) (e.g. in Shijing (詩經) - Shang Song (商頌) - Xuan Niao 玄鳥, Shiji (史書) Yin benji (殷本紀), etc. ), identified explicitly as 燕 (Lunheng 論衡, chapters 案書 Anshu & Qiguai 奇怪).”

Pronunciation 1

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Mandarin
(Pinyin):yīn (yin¹)
(Zhuyin):ㄧㄣ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong,Jyutping):jan¹
(Taishan,Wiktionary):yin¹
Hakka
(Sixian,PFS):yîn
(Hailu,HRS):rhin^ˋ
(Meixian,Guangdong):yin¹
Eastern Min(BUC):ṳ̆ng
Southern Min
(Hokkien,POJ):un /in
(Teochew,Peng'im):hng¹ / heng¹
Wu(Shanghai,Wugniu):¹in

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:yīn
  - Zhuyin:ㄧㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:yin
  - Wade–Giles:yin¹
  - Yale:yīn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:in
  - Palladius:инь(inʹ)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/in⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:jan¹
  - Yale:yān
  - Cantonese Pinyin:jan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization:yen¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/jɐn⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese,Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary:yin¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/jin³³/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl.Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:yîn
  - Hakka Romanization System:in^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim:yin¹
  - SinologicalIPA:/in²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl.Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:yîn
  - Hakka Romanization System:(r)in^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim:yin¹
  - SinologicalIPA:/(j)in²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl.Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System:rhin^ˋ
  - SinologicalIPA:/ʒin⁵³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong:yin¹
  - SinologicalIPA:/in⁴⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê:ṳ̆ng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/yŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien:Quanzhou,Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:un
  - Tâi-lô:un
  - Phofsit Daibuun:wn
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen):/un⁴⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Quanzhou):/un³³/
- (Hokkien:GeneralTaiwanese,Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:in
  - Tâi-lô:in
  - Phofsit Daibuun:yn
  - SinologicalIPA (Taipei,Kaohsiung,Zhangzhou):/in⁴⁴/

Note: irn - Quanzhou.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im:hng¹ / heng¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:hng / hṳng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/hŋ³³/, /hɯŋ³³/

Note:

hng1 - Chaozhou;
heng1 - Chaozhou, Shantou.

Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai)
  - Wugniu:¹in
  - MiniDict:in^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):¹in
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/in⁵³/

Middle Chinese:'j+n

Rime
Character	殷
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	欣 (57)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	於斤切
Baxter	'j+n
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɨn/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔɨn/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔɨn/
Li Rong	/ʔiən/
Wang Li	/ĭən/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔi̯ən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yīn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jan¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart):/*ʔə[r]/, /*ʔər/
(Zhengzhang):/*qɯn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	殷	殷	殷
Reading #	2/4	3/4	4/4
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yīn	yīn	yīn
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjɨn ›	‹ ʔjɨn ›	‹ ʔjɨn ›
Old Chinese	/*ʔə[r]/	/*ʔə[r]/	/*ʔər/
English	殷殷 distressed	ample, many	(dynastic name)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	殷
Reading #	2/2
No.	15232
Phonetic component	殷
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	殷
Old Chinese	/*qɯn/

Definitions

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殷

(metonymic)(～朝)Shang Dynasty afterPan Geng moved the capital of the state to its final location at Yīn(i.e., Late Shang Dynasty)
(by extension)(～朝)Alternative name for商 (shāng, “Shang Dynasty”).
abundant;rich
殷實／殷实 ― yīnshí ― well-off
(literary)large;flourishing
- 莊周曰：「此何鳥哉？翼殷不逝，目大不覩。」[Classical Chinese,trad.]
  庄周曰：「此何鸟哉？翼殷不逝，目大不睹。」[Classical Chinese,simp.]
  From:Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuriesBCE
  Zhuāngzhōu yuē: “Cǐ hé niǎo zāi? Yìyīn bù shì, mù dà bù dǔ.”[Pinyin]
  Zhuangzi said, “What kind of bird is it? It cannot fly very far with itshuge wings and cannot see clearly with its big eyes.”
(literary)many;numerous
(of emotions)deep
asurname
殷海光 ― Yīn Hǎiguāng ― Yin Haiguang (20th-century Chinese philosopher)

Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history
Name	Time period	Divisions
Xia 夏(～朝,～代)	2070 – 1600BCE
Shang 商(～朝,～代) 殷(～朝,～代)	1600 – 1046BCE
Zhou 周(～朝,～代)	1046 – 256BCE	Western Zhou 西周
Eastern Zhou 東周 /东周	Spring and Autumn period 春秋
Warring States period 戰國 /战国
Qin 秦(～朝,～代)	221 – 206BCE
Han 漢 /汉(～朝,～代)	206BCE – 220CE	Western Han 西漢 /西汉
Xin 新(～朝)
Eastern Han 東漢 /东汉
Three Kingdoms 三國 /三国	220 – 280CE	Wei 魏
Shu Han 蜀漢 /蜀汉
Wu 吳 /吴
Jin 晉 /晋(～朝,～代)	265 – 420CE	Western Jin 西晉 /西晋
Eastern Jin 東晉 /东晋
Southern and Northern dynasties 南北朝	420 – 589CE	Northern dynasties 北朝	Northern Wei 北魏
Western Wei 西魏
Eastern Wei 東魏 /东魏
Northern Zhou 北周
Northern Qi 北齊 /北齐
Southern dynasties 南朝	Liu Song 劉宋 /刘宋
Southern Qi 南齊 /南齐
Liang 梁(～朝,～代)
Chen 陳 /陈(～朝,～代)
Sui 隋(～朝,～代)	581 – 618CE
Tang 唐(～朝,～代)	618 – 907CE
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms 五代十國 /五代十国	907 – 960CE
Liao 遼 /辽(～朝,～代)	907 – 1125CE
Song 宋(～朝,～代)	960 – 1279CE	Northern Song 北宋
Southern Song 南宋
Western Xia 西夏	1038 – 1227CE
Jin 金(～朝,～代)	1115 – 1234CE
Western Liao 西遼 /西辽	1124 – 1218CE
Yuan 元(～朝,～代)	1271 – 1368CE
Ming 明(～朝,～代)	1368 – 1644CE
Qing 清(～朝,～代)	1636 – 1912CE

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Mandarin
(Pinyin):yān (yan¹)
(Zhuyin):ㄧㄢ
Cantonese(Jyutping):jin¹ /aan¹
Wu(Shanghai,Wugniu):¹e

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:yān
  - Zhuyin:ㄧㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:yan
  - Wade–Giles:yen¹
  - Yale:yān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:ian
  - Palladius:янь(janʹ)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/jɛn⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:jin¹ / aan¹
  - Yale:yīn /āan
  - Cantonese Pinyin:jin¹ / aan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization:yin¹ / an¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/jiːn⁵⁵/, /aːn⁵⁵/

Note: The zero initial/∅-/ is commonly pronounced with ang-initial/ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai)
  - Wugniu:¹e
  - MiniDict:e^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):¹e
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/e⁵³/

Middle Chinese:'ean

Rime
Character	殷
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	山 (73)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	烏閑切
Baxter	'ean
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔˠɛn/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔᵚæn/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔəɨn/
Li Rong	/ʔɛn/
Wang Li	/æn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔăn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	aan¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart):/*ʔˤrə[r]/
(Zhengzhang):/*qrɯːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	殷
Reading #	1/4
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yān
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔɛn ›
Old Chinese	/*ʔˁrə[r]/
English	dark-red
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	殷
Reading #	1/2
No.	15231
Phonetic component	殷
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	黰
Old Chinese	/*qrɯːn/

Definitions

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殷

blood red; deep red

殷

sound ofthunder
toshake; totremble

Compounds

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References

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^“殷”, in漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1],香港中文大學 (theChinese University of Hong Kong),2014–

Japanese

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Kanji

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See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 殷

殷

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

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Go-on:おん(on)、えん(en)
Kan-on:いん(in)、あん(an)
Kun:さかん(sakan,殷ん)、おおい(ōi,殷い)^{←おほい(ofoi,殷い,historical)}、ゆたか(yutaka,殷か)、にぎやか(nigiyaka,殷やか)、ねんごろ(nengoro,殷ろ)、あかい(akai,殷い)
Nanori:たか(taka)、ただ(tada)^[1]

Etymology

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Kanji in this term
殷
いん Hyōgai
kan'on

The senses “Shang dynasty” and “prosperous” are fromMiddle Chinese殷 (MC 'j+n), corresponding to modern Mandarinyīn and Cantonesejan¹. The sense “rumbling” corresponds to modern Mandarinyǐn and Cantonesejan².

Thekan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): [ĩɴ]

Proper noun

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殷(いん)• (In)

(historical)Shang dynasty

Synonyms

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商(しょう)(shō)

Affix

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殷(いん)• (in)

References

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^“殷”, in漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese),The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation,2015–2025

Korean

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	A user suggests that this Korean entry be cleaned up.
	Please see the discussion onRequests for cleanup⁽⁺⁾ or thetalk page for more information and remove this template after the problem has been dealt with.