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| Stroke order | |||
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歌 (Kangxi radical 76,欠+10, 14 strokes,cangjie input一口弓人 (MRNO) or難一口弓人 (XMRNO),four-corner17682,composition⿰哥欠)
| simp. andtrad. | 歌 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 謌／𬤐 哥 𡃭 𣤑 𣤒 | |
| Historical forms of the character歌 | |
|---|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan) | Liushutong (compiled inMing) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
 |  |
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 砢 | *ɡ·raːlʔ |
| 柯 | *kaːl |
| 菏 | *kaːl, *ɡaːl |
| 牁 | *kaːl |
| 滒 | *kaːl |
| 哥 | *kaːl |
| 歌 | *kaːl |
| 謌 | *kaːl |
| 鴚 | *kaːl |
| 哿 | *kaːlʔ |
| 舸 | *kaːlʔ |
| 笴 | *kaːlʔ, *kaːnʔ |
| 軻 | *kʰaːl, *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls |
| 珂 | *kʰaːl |
| 可 | *kʰaːlʔ |
| 岢 | *kʰaːlʔ |
| 坷 | *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls |
| 蚵 | *kʰaːls, *ɡaːl |
| 呵 | *qʰaːl, *qʰaːls |
| 訶 | *qʰaːl |
| 抲 | *qʰaːl |
| 荷 | *qʰaːls, *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ |
| 何 | *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ |
| 河 | *ɡaːl |
| 苛 | *ɡaːl |
| 魺 | *ɡaːl |
| 袔 | *ɡaːls |
| 阿 | *qaːl |
| 妸 | *qaːl, *qaːlʔ |
| 疴 | *qaːl, *kʰraːls |
| 鈳 | *qaːl |
| 娿 | *qaːl, *qaːlʔ |
| 痾 | *qaːl |
| 跒 | *kʰraːlʔ |
| 閜 | *qʰraːlʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*kaːl): phonetic 哥(OC*kaːl) + semantic 欠(“blow”). Specialized form of哥 (OC*kaːl, “to sing”).
FromProto-Sino-Tibetan*gaːr ~ *ga(“to dance; to sing; to leap; to stride”). Cognate withBurmeseက(ka.,“to dance”).
edit 哥兒 /哥儿歌兒 /歌儿 |
| Variety | Location | 歌 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /kɤ⁵⁵/ |
| Harbin | /kɤ⁴⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /kɤ²¹/ | |
| Jinan | /kə²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /kə²¹³/新 /kuə²¹³/老 | |
| Zhengzhou | /kɤ²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /kɤ²¹/ | |
| Xining | /kɔ⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /kə⁴⁴/ | |
| Lanzhou | /kə³¹/ | |
| Ürümqi | /kɤ⁴⁴/ | |
| Wuhan | /kuo⁵⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /ko⁵⁵/ | |
| Guiyang | /ko⁵⁵/ | |
| Kunming | /ko⁴⁴/ | |
| Nanjing | /ko³¹/ | |
| Hefei | /kʊ²¹/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /kɤ¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /kɔ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /kɤ³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ku⁵³/ |
| Suzhou | /kəu⁵⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ko³³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /ku³³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /ko³¹/ |
| Tunxi | /ko¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ko³³/ |
| Xiangtan | /ko³³/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ko⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /ko⁴⁴/ |
| Taoyuan | /ko²⁴/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kɔ⁵³/ |
| Nanning | /kɔ⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /kɔ⁵⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /ko⁵⁵/ /kua⁵⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /ko⁴⁴/ | |
| Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /kɔ⁵⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Teochew) | /ko³³/ /kua³³/ | |
| Haikou (Hainanese) | /ko²³/ /kua²³/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 歌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 歌 (94) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古俄切 |
| Baxter | ka |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kɑ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kɑ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɑ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ka/ |
| Li Rong | /kɑ/ |
| Wang Li | /kɑ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kɑ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gē |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | go1 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 歌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | gē |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ka › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ˁaj/ |
| English | sing, song |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 歌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7438 |
| Phonetic component | 可 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 歌 |
| Old Chinese | /*kaːl/ |
歌
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 歌 |
| うた Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 唄 詩 謳 |
FromOld Japanese, fromProto-Japonic*ota.
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 歌 |
| か Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi |
FromProto-Ryukyuan*Uta, fromProto-Japonic*Uta.
歌 (futā)
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 歌 |
| うた Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi |
FromProto-Ryukyuan*Uta, fromProto-Japonic*Uta.
歌 (uta)
歌 (cà)
FromProto-Ryukyuan*Uta, fromProto-Japonic*Uta.
歌 (uta)
FromProto-Ryukyuan*Uta, fromProto-Japonic*Uta.
歌 (uta)
