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欣 (Kangxi radical 76,欠+4, 8 strokes,cangjie input竹中弓人 (HLNO),four-corner77282,composition⿰斤欠)
| simp. andtrad. | 欣 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 訢／䜣 忻 惞 | |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*qʰɯn): phonetic 斤(OC*kɯn, *kɯns) + semantic 欠.
Probably from the same word family as喜 (OC*qʰlɯʔ) (Schuessler, 2007).
| Variety | Location | 欣 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ɕin⁵⁵/ |
| Harbin | /ɕin⁴⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /ɕin²¹/ | |
| Jinan | /ɕiẽ²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /siə̃²¹³/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ɕin²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /ɕiẽ²¹/ | |
| Xining | /ɕiə̃⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ɕiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ɕĩn³¹/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ɕiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Wuhan | /ɕin⁵⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /ɕin⁵⁵/ | |
| Guiyang | /ɕin⁵⁵/ | |
| Kunming | /ɕĩ⁴⁴/ | |
| Nanjing | /ɕin³¹/ | |
| Hefei | /ɕin²¹/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /ɕiəŋ¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /ɕiŋ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /ɕĩŋ³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɕiŋ⁵³/ |
| Suzhou | /ɕin⁵⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ɕin³³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /ɕaŋ³³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /ɕiʌ̃³¹/ |
| Tunxi | ||
| Xiang | Changsha | /ɕin³³/ |
| Xiangtan | /ɕin³³/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ɕin⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /hiun⁴⁴/ |
| Taoyuan | /huŋ²⁴/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jɐn⁵³/ |
| Nanning | /jɐn⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /jɐn⁵⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /him⁵⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /hyŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xeiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Teochew) | /hɯŋ³³/ | |
| Haikou (Hainanese) | /hin²³/ /huaŋ²³/訓歡 |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 欣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 欣 (57) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 許斤切 |
| Baxter | xj+n |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /hɨn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /hɨn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xiən/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /hɨn/ |
| Li Rong | /xiən/ |
| Wang Li | /xĭən/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /xi̯ən/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xīn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jan1 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 欣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xīn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ xjɨn › |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰər/ |
| English | rejoice |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 欣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6665 |
| Phonetic component | 斤 |
| Rime group | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 欣 |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰɯn/ |
欣
| For pronunciation and definitions of欣 – see鑫 (“abundant inwealth;prosperous”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of鑫). |
Notes:
|
欣• (heun) (hangeul흔,revised heun,McCune–Reischauer hŭn,Yale hun)
{{rfdef}}.欣:Hán Nôm readings:hân,hơn,hoen,hớn,hăng
{{rfdef}}.