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權

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:权and権

權	U+6B0A,權 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B0A

←欉
[U+6B09]

CJK Unified Ideographs

欋 →
[U+6B0B]

Translingual

[edit]

Traditional	權
Simplified	权
Japanese	権
Korean	權

Kangxi Dictionary:page 563, character 19
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15926
Dae Jaweon: page 951, character 32
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1319, character 6
Unihan data for U+6B0A

Chinese

[edit]

trad.		權
simp.		权
alternative forms		㩲権杈

Wikipedia has articles on:

權姓 /权姓(Chinese)
權氏 /权氏(Cantonese)
Khoân (sèⁿ)(Min Nan)

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character權
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)
Qin slip script	Small seal script

Characters in the samephonetic series (雚)(Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
觀	koːn, koːns
灌	*koːns
鸛	*koːns
瓘	*koːns
矔	koːns, kroːns
懽	koːns, qʰoːn
爟	*koːns
雚	*koːns
罐	*koːns
鑵	*koːns
歡	*qʰoːn
驩	*qʰoːn
貛	*qʰoːn
酄	*qʰoːn
獾	*qʰoːn
讙	qʰoːn, qʰon
嚾	*qʰoːns
權	*ɡron
顴	*ɡron
孉	*ɡron
蠸	*ɡron
虇	kʰonʔ, kʰons
勸	*kʰons

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*ɡron): semantic 木(“tree”) + phonetic 雚(OC*koːns) – a type of tree named黃華 (Shuowen); phonetically borrowed for "standard weight".

Etymology

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From拳 (OC*ɡron, “fist”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

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Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin):quán (quan²)
(Zhuyin):ㄑㄩㄢˊ
(Dungan,Cyrillic andWiktionary):чүан (čüan, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong,Jyutping):kyun⁴
(Taishan,Wiktionary):kun³
Gan(Wiktionary):qyon²
Hakka
(Sixian,PFS):khièn / khiàn
(Hailu,HRS):kien
(Meixian,Guangdong):kian²
Jin(Wiktionary):qye¹
Northern Min(KCR):guǐng / gṳǐng
Eastern Min(BUC):guòng
Puxian Min(Pouseng Ping'ing):goeng² / gyoeng² / gieng²
Southern Min
(Hokkien,POJ):koân /khoân
(Teochew,Peng'im):kuang⁵ / kuêng⁵
Wu(Shanghai,Wugniu):⁶jioe
Xiang(Changsha,Wiktionary):qyenn²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:quán
  - Zhuyin:ㄑㄩㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:cyuán
  - Wade–Giles:chʻüan²
  - Yale:chywán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:chyuan
  - Palladius:цюань(cjuanʹ)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic andWiktionary:чүан (čüan, I)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡ɕʰyæ̃²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:kyun⁴
  - Yale:kyùhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin:kyn⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization:kün⁴
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kʰyːn²¹/
- (Taishanese,Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary:kun³
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kʰun²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary:qyon²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡ɕʰyɵn²⁴/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl.Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:khièn
  - Hakka Romanization System:kien^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim:kian²
  - SinologicalIPA:/kʰi̯en¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl.Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:khiàn
  - Hakka Romanization System:kian^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim:kian²
  - SinologicalIPA:/kʰi̯an¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl.Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System:kien
  - SinologicalIPA:/kʰien⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong:kian²
  - SinologicalIPA:/kʰian¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary:qye¹
  - SinologicalIPA (old-style):/t͡ɕʰye¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized:guǐng / gṳǐng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kuiŋ²¹/, /kyiŋ²¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê:guòng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kuoŋ⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian,Jiangkou,Nanri)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:goeng²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍:gé̤ng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kœŋ¹³/
- (Youyang)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:goeng²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kœŋ²⁴/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:gyoeng²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kyøŋ²⁴/
- (Fengting)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:gieng²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kieŋ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Quanzhou,Zhangzhou,Jinjiang,Philippines,variant inTaiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:koân
  - Tâi-lô:kuân
  - Phofsit Daibuun:koaan
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Quanzhou,Jinjiang,Philippines,Taipei):/kuan²⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Kaohsiung):/kuan²³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Zhangzhou):/kuan¹³/
- (Hokkien:GeneralTaiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:khoân
  - Tâi-lô:khuân
  - Phofsit Daibuun:qoaan
  - SinologicalIPA (Kaohsiung):/kʰuan²³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Taipei):/kʰuan²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im:kuang⁵ / kuêng⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:khuâng / khuêng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kʰuaŋ⁵⁵/, /kʰueŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

kuang5 - Shantou, Jieyang;
kuêng5 - Chaozhou.

Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai)
  - Wugniu:⁶jioe
  - MiniDict:jioe^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):³jjyoe
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/d͡ʑyø²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary:qyenn²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡ɕʰy̯ẽ¹³/

Middle Chinese:gjwen

Rime
Character	權
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	仙 (80)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	巨員切
Baxter	gjwen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡˠiuᴇn/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡʷᵚiɛn/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiuæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gwian/
Li Rong	/ɡjuɛn/
Wang Li	/ɡĭwɛn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/gi̯wɛn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	quán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	kyun⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart):/*[ɡ]ʷrar/
(Zhengzhang):/*ɡron/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	權
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	quán
Middle Chinese	‹ gjwen ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ʷrar/
English	weight of a steelyard
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	權
Reading #	1/1
No.	4496
Phonetic component	雚
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	權
Old Chinese	/*ɡron/

Definitions

[edit]

權

power;authority
權力／权力 ― quánlì ― power; authority
right;entitlement
權利／权利 ― quánlì ― right
投票權／投票权 ― tóupiàoquán ― right to vote
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)steelyard weight
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)scales
toweigh; tomeasure; tojudge
權衡／权衡 ― quánhéng ― to weigh; to judge
expediency;adaptability
通權達變／通权达变 ― tōngquándábiàn ― to adapt to circumstances
- 男女授受不親，禮也；嫂溺援之以手者，權也。[Classical Chinese,trad.]
  男女授受不亲，礼也；嫂溺援之以手者，权也。[Classical Chinese,simp.]
  From:Mencius,c. 4^th centuryBCE
  Nánnǚ shòushòubùqīn, lǐ yě; sǎo nì yuán zhī yǐ shǒu zhě,quán yě.[Pinyin]
  For males and females not to allow their hands to touch in giving and receiving is the general rule; when a sister-in-law is drowning, to rescue her with the hand is a peculiar exigency.
tentatively;for the time being
權且／权且 ― quánqiě ― for the time being
權充／权充 ― quánchōng ― to act temporarily as
(statistics)weight
asurname

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (權):

→ Japanese:権(けん)(ken)
→ Korean:권(權)(gwon)
→ Vietnamese:quyền(權)

Others:

→ Zhuang:gienz

References

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“權”, in漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1],香港中文大學 (theChinese University of Hong Kong),2014–
Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02050
“權”, in重編國語辭典修訂本 [Revised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary] (in Chinese),National Academy for Educational Research (Taiwan),2021.
李如龙[Li, Ru-long];刘福铸[Liu, Fu-zhu];吴华英[Wu, Hua-ying];黄国城[Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “权”, in莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min),Xiamen University Press,→ISBN, page226.