language; culture; writing language; culture; writing; formal; literary; gentle | letter; symbol; character letter; symbol; character; word | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. andtrad. (文字) | 文 | 字 | |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 文 | 字 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) | 從 (15) |
| Final (韻) | 文 (59) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 無分切 | 疾置切 |
| Baxter | mjun | dziH |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /mɨun/ | /d͡zɨH/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /miun/ | /d͡zɨH/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /miuən/ | /d͡zieH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /mun/ | /d͡zɨH/ |
| Li Rong | /miuən/ | /d͡ziəH/ |
| Wang Li | /mĭuən/ | /d͡zĭəH/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /mi̯uən/ | /d͡zʱiH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | wén | zì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | man4 | zi6 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 文 | 字 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | wén | zì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ mjun › | ‹ dziH › |
| Old Chinese | /*mə[n]/ | /*mə-dzə(ʔ)-s/ |
| English | ornate | breed, love (v.); character |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 文 | 字 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 13015 | 17864 |
| Phonetic component | 文 | 子 |
| Rime group | 文 | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 文 | 字 |
| Old Chinese | /*mɯn/ | /*zlɯs/ |
| Notes | 子分化字 | |
文字
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 文 | 字 |
| もん Grade: 1 | じ Grade: 1 |
| goon | |
FromMiddle Chinese文字 (MC mjun dziH, literally “writing + character”). Compare modernCantonese readingman4 zi6.
This reading is less common thanmoji, below.
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 文 | 字 |
| もん > も Grade: 1 | じ Grade: 1 |
| goon | |
/mond͡ʑi/ →/mod͡ʑi/
Sound shift frommonji above.[3]
This reading is more common thanmonji above.
Thetails andcoin,money senses are specific to thismoji reading.[3]
•¶Žš‰»‚¯, which is a corruption of文字化け| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 文 | 字 |
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 文 | 字 |
文字