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擁

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:拥

擁	U+64C1,擁 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-64C1

←擀
[U+64C0]

CJK Unified Ideographs

擂 →
[U+64C2]

Translingual

Han character

擁 (Kangxi radical 64,手+13, 16 strokes,cangjie input手卜女土 (QYVG),four-corner5001₄,composition⿰扌雍)

Derived characters

𡃵

Related characters

拥(Simplified Chinese)

References

Kangxi Dictionary:page 457, character 26
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12781
Dae Jaweon: page 806, character 9
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1972, character 1
Unihan data for U+64C1

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character擁
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script

Characters in the samephonetic series (邕)(Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
郺	qoːŋʔ, qoŋ
齆	*qoːŋs
甕	*qoːŋs
罋	qoːŋs, qoŋ
雍	qoŋ, qoŋs
邕	*qoŋ
嗈	*qoŋ
灉	qoŋ, qoŋs
癰	*qoŋ
廱	*qoŋ
雝	*qoŋ
壅	qoŋ, qoŋʔ, *qoŋs
饔	*qoŋ
噰	*qoŋ
澭	*qoŋ
擁	qoŋ, qoŋʔ
臃	*qoŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*qoŋ, *qoŋʔ): semantic 手(“hand”) + phonetic 雍(OC*qoŋ, *qoŋs).

Pronunciation 1

trad.		擁
simp.		拥
alternative forms		𢹬𢹭𢺠𢶜㨣𢹬𢹭𢺠𢶜㨣雍

Mandarin
(Pinyin):yōng,yǒng
(Zhuyin):ㄩㄥ, ㄩㄥˇ
Cantonese(Jyutping):jung²
Hakka(Sixian,PFS):yúng
Eastern Min(BUC):é̤ṳng / ṳ̆ng
Southern Min
(Hokkien,POJ):iong /ióng /iòng
(Teochew,Peng'im):iong³
Wu(Shanghai,Wugniu):¹ion;⁵ion

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard inMainland; variant inTaiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:yōng
  - Zhuyin:ㄩㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:yong
  - Wade–Giles:yung¹
  - Yale:yūng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:iong
  - Palladius:юн(jun)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/jʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard inTaiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:yǒng
  - Zhuyin:ㄩㄥˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:yǒng
  - Wade–Giles:yung³
  - Yale:yǔng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:yeong
  - Palladius:юн(jun)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/jʊŋ²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:jung²
  - Yale:yúng
  - Cantonese Pinyin:jung²
  - Guangdong Romanization:yung²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/jʊŋ³⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl.Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:yúng
  - Hakka Romanization System:iung^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim:yung³
  - SinologicalIPA:/i̯uŋ³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl.Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:yúng
  - Hakka Romanization System:(r)iung^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim:yung³
  - SinologicalIPA:/(j)i̯uŋ³¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê:é̤ṳng / ṳ̆ng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/øyŋ²¹³/, /yŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

é̤ṳng - colloquial;
ṳ̆ng - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Quanzhou,Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:iong
  - Tâi-lô:iong
  - Phofsit Daibuun:iofng
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Zhangzhou):/iɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Quanzhou):/iɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,GeneralTaiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:ióng
  - Tâi-lô:ióng
  - Phofsit Daibuun:iorng
  - SinologicalIPA (Kaohsiung):/iɔŋ⁴¹/
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Taipei):/iɔŋ⁵³/
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Quanzhou,Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:iòng
  - Tâi-lô:iòng
  - Phofsit Daibuun:ioxng
  - SinologicalIPA (Quanzhou):/iɔŋ⁴¹/
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Zhangzhou):/iɔŋ²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im:iong³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:iòng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ioŋ²¹³/
Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai)
  - Wugniu:¹ion;⁵ion
  - MiniDict:ion^平; ion^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):¹ion;²ion
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/ioŋ⁵³/,/ioŋ³⁴/

Middle Chinese:'jowngX

Rime
Character	擁
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	於隴切
Baxter	'jowngX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɨoŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔioŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔioŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔuawŋ^X/
Li Rong	/ʔioŋ^X/
Wang Li	/ĭwoŋ^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔi̯woŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yǒng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jung²

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang):/*qoŋ/, /*qoŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	擁	擁
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	15416	15418
Phonetic component	邕	邕
Rime group	東	東
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	邕	擁
Old Chinese	/*qoŋ/	/*qoŋʔ/

Definitions

擁

toembrace; tohug someone
towrap around; tosqueeze
togather around; tocrowd
toprovide support; toprotect
tohave something; topossess; tohold
crowd of people
(dialectal Mandarin) topush
alternative form of壅(“toobstruct”)

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

trad.		擁
simp.		拥
alternative forms		㧬𢫨𢶜

Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong,Jyutping):ung²
(Taishan,Wiktionary):uung²

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:ung²
  - Yale:úng
  - Cantonese Pinyin:ung²
  - Guangdong Romanization:ung²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ʊŋ³⁵/
- (Taishanese,Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary:uung²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ɵŋ⁵⁵/

Definitions

擁

(Cantonese) topush
擁車仔／拥车仔[Cantonese] ― ung² ce¹ zai²[Jyutping] ― topush a cart

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of推 (“to push”)[map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)		推
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	推,㩳,搡
	Taiwan	推
	Harbin	㩳,搡
	Singapore	推
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	推
Central Plains Mandarin	Zhengzhou	擁
	Xi'an	掀,推
	Xuzhou	搑
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	推,揎,捎,搊,㩳
	Wuhan	推,㩳,揎
	Guilin	推
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	推,搡
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	推,搡
Cantonese	Guangzhou	推,擁
	Hong Kong	推,擁
	Hong Kong(San Tin; Weitou)	擁
	Taishan	擁
	Yangjiang	宿,擁,𢱤
Gan	Nanchang	推,揎,㩳
Hakka	Meixian	𢱤
	Xingning	𢱤
	Huidong(Daling)	𢱤
	Shaoguan(Qujiang)	擁
	Lianshan(Xiaosanjiang)	擁
	Changting	𢱤
	Wuping	𢱤
	Wuping(Pingyu)	𢱤
	Liancheng	𢱤
	Ninghua	𢱤
	Yudu	𢱤
	Ruijin	𢱤
	Shicheng	𢱤
	Shangyou(Shexi)	𢱤
	Miaoli(N. Sixian)	𢱤
	Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian)	𢱤
	Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu)	𢱤
	Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu)	𢱤
	Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping)	𢱤
	Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an)	𢳪
	Hong Kong	推,𢱤,擁
Jin	Taiyuan	推
Northern Min	Jian'ou	捵,𢱤
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	捵,𢱤
Eastern Min	Fuqing	挨,捵
Southern Min	Xiamen	㧣,捒,攄
	Quanzhou	捒,攄
	Jinjiang	㧣
	Zhangzhou	㧣,捒,攄
	Taipei	攄
	New Taipei(Sanxia)	攄
	Kaohsiung	攄
	Yilan	攄
	Changhua(Lukang)	攄,㧣
	Taichung	攄,㧣
	Tainan	攄
	Hsinchu	攄,㧣
	Kinmen	攄,㧣
	Penghu(Magong)	攄
	Penang(Hokkien)	捒,攄
	Singapore(Hokkien)	㧣
	Manila(Hokkien)	㧣
	Chaozhou	攆,舁
	Shantou	推,攆
	Jieyang	攆
	Singapore(Teochew)	攆,㧣
Wu	Shanghai	推
	Suzhou	推
	Ningbo	推
	Wenzhou	㨄,推
Xiang	Changsha	寵,推
Xiang	Shuangfeng	攮,搡

Compounds

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01677
“擁”, in漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1],香港中文大學 (theChinese University of Hong Kong),2014–

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 擁

擁

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

Go-on:ゆ(yu)^{←ゆ(yu,historical)}
Kan-on:よう(yō,Jōyō)^{←よう(you,historical)}
Kun:いだく(idaku,擁く)、だく(daku,擁く)、まもる(mamoru,擁る)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
擁
よう Grade: S
kan'on

FromMiddle Chinese擁 (MC 'jowngX).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [jo̞ː]

Affix

擁(よう)• (yō)

toembrace; toprotect

Derived terms

擁(よう)遏(あつ)(yōatsu)
擁(よう)閼(あつ)(yōatsu)
擁(よう)衛(えい)(yōei)
擁(よう)掩(えん)(yōen)
擁(よう)経(けい)(yōkei)
擁(よう)護(ご)(yōgo,“toprotect; toadvocate; tosupport”)
擁(よう)膝(しつ)(yōshitsu)
擁(よう)腫(しょう)(yōshō)
擁(よう)彗(すい)(yōsui)
擁(よう)する(yōsuru,“tohave; topossess”)
擁(よう)擠(せい)(yōsei)
擁(よう)塞(そく)(yōsoku)
擁(よう)戴(たい)(yōtai)
擁(よう)覆(ふく)(yōfuku)
擁(よう)蔽(へい)(yōhei) (壅(よう)蔽(へい))
擁(よう)壁(へき)(yōheki,“retaining wall”)
擁(よう)佑(ゆう),擁(よう)右(ゆう),擁(よう)祐(ゆう)(yōyū)
擁(よう)立(りつ)(yōritsu,“tofield; torecruit acandidate”)
培(ばい)擁(よう)(baiyō) (培(ばい)壅(よう))
抱(ほう)擁(よう)(hōyō,“toembrace; tohug”)

Korean

Hanja

擁 (eumhun낄 옹(kkil ong))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out andadd a translation, then remove the text{{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

擁:Hán Nôm readings:ủng

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out andadd a translation, then remove the text{{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

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