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| Japanese | 憎 |
|---|---|
| Simplified | 憎 |
| Traditional | 憎 |
Note difference between Chinese form, which uses曾, and Japanese shinjitai which uses曽.
憎 (Kangxi radical 61,心+12in Chinese, 心+11in Japanese, 15 strokesin Chinese, 14 strokesin Japanese,cangjie input心金田日 (PCWA),four-corner98066,composition⿰忄曾(GHTK) or⿰忄曽(J))
| simp. andtrad. | 憎 | |
|---|---|---|
| Historical forms of the character憎 |
|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan) |
| Small seal script |
 |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*ʔsɯːŋ): semantic 忄(“heart”) + phonetic 曾(OC*ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ).
Possibly the same word as增 (OC*ʔsɯːŋ, “to increase”), as in emotional accumulation (Schuessler, 2007).
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 憎 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 登 (129) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 作滕切 |
| Baxter | tsong |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡səŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡səŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡səŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡səŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡səŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡səŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡səŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zēng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zang1 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 憎 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zēng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsong › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ts]ˁəŋ/ |
| English | hate |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 憎 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16614 |
| Phonetic component | 曾 |
| Rime group | 蒸 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsɯːŋ/ |
憎
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 怨 | |
| Formal(Written Standard Chinese) | 恨,憎恨,嫌惡,怨恨 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 恨 |
| Taiwan | 恨 | |
| Malaysia | 恨 | |
| Singapore | 恨 | |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 恨 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 恨 |
| Ürümqi | 恨 | |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 恨 |
| Wuhan | 恨,懥怨 | |
| Liuzhou | 恨 | |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 恨 |
| Hefei | 恨 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 憎,嬲 |
| Hong Kong | 憎 | |
| Dongguan | 憎 | |
| Yangjiang | 嬲 | |
| Kuala Lumpur(Guangfu) | 憎 | |
| Singapore(Guangfu) | 憎 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 恨 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 恨 |
| Miaoli(N. Sixian) | 恨 | |
| Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian) | 恨 | |
| Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu) | 恨 | |
| Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu) | 恨 | |
| Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping) | 恨 | |
| Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 恨 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 恨 |
| Xinzhou | 恨 | |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 恨 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 恨 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 恨,猌 |
| Zhangzhou | 猌 | |
| Tainan | 恨,猌 | |
| Penang(Hokkien) | 猌,惱 | |
| Singapore(Hokkien) | 猌 | |
| Chaozhou | 恨 | |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning(Tingzi) | 恨 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 恨 |
| Wenzhou | 恨 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 恨 |
| Shuangfeng | 馮,恨 | |
| Shinjitai | 憎 | |
| Kyūjitai [1] | 憎 憎or 憎+ ︀? | |
| 憎󠄀 憎+ 󠄀?(Adobe-Japan1) | ||
| 憎󠄃 憎+ 󠄃?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. Seehere for details. | ||
(Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji,kyūjitai form憎)
憎• (jeung) (hangeul증,revised jeung,McCune–Reischauer chŭng,Yale cung)
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