張 (Kangxi radical 57,弓+8, 11 strokes,cangjie input弓尸一女 (NSMV),four-corner11232,composition⿰弓長)
- 㙣,㯑,漲(涨),瘬,𢳫,𧐊,𨄰(𬦵),𢊜,𦸾,𢐓,𫣖,𫫧
- Kangxi Dictionary:page 359, character 19
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9812
- Dae Jaweon: page 675, character 33
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 997, character 5
- Unihan data for U+5F35
| Old Chinese |
|---|
| 張 | *taŋ, *taŋs |
| 餦 | *taŋ |
| 粻 | *taŋ |
| 漲 | *taŋ, *taŋʔ, *taŋs |
| 長 | *taŋʔ, *daŋ, *daŋs |
| 脹 | *taŋs |
| 痮 | *taŋs |
| 帳 | *taŋs |
| 賬 | *taŋs |
| 倀 | *tʰaŋ, *rtaːŋs |
| 鼚 | *tʰaŋ |
| 鋹 | *tʰaŋʔ |
| 悵 | *tʰaŋs |
| 韔 | *tʰaŋs |
| 萇 | *daŋ |
| 瓺 | *daŋ, *daŋs |
| 棖 | *rdaːŋ |
| 掁 | *rdaːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*taŋ, *taŋs): semantic 弓(“bow”) + phonetic 長(OC*taŋʔ, *daŋ, *daŋs).
FromProto-Sino-Tibetan*g/m/b-raŋ(“strong; firm; tense”) orProto-Sino-Tibetan*(d/t)aŋ(“tense; tight”), the latter which appears to be preferred based on more current research (Hill, 2019, p. 224); compareTibetanཐང་པོ(thang po,“tense; tight; firm”),Burmeseတင်း(tang:,“to tighten; to be tight”).
Pronunciation 2 is the exopassive of pronunciation 1, literally “to be stretched” (Schuessler, 2007).
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Pinyin):zhāng (zhang1)
- (Zhuyin):ㄓㄤ
- (Chengdu,Sichuanese Pinyin):zang1
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong,Jyutping):zoeng1
- (Taishan,Wiktionary):ziang1
- Gan(Wiktionary):zong1
- Hakka
- (Sixian,PFS):chông
- (Hailu,HRS):zhongˋ
- (Meixian,Guangdong):zong1
- Jin(Wiktionary):zon1
- Northern Min(KCR):dióng
- Eastern Min(BUC):diŏng
- Puxian Min(Pouseng Ping'ing):dieo1 / diunn1 / diu1 / dyorng1 / dyoeng1
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien,POJ):tiuⁿ /tioⁿ /tiauⁿ /tiong /tiang
- (Teochew,Peng'im):ziang1 / diên1 / dion1
- (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin):jiang1 / dio1
- Wu(Shanghai,Wugniu):1tsan
- Xiang(Changsha,Wiktionary):zhan1
Note:
- dieo1/diunn1 - vernacular (incl. surname);
- diu1 - vernacular (classifier);
- dyorng1/dyoeng1 - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Quanzhou,Taipei,Kaohsiung,Taichung,Hsinchu,Lukang,Sanxia,Yilan,Kinmen,Magong,Singapore)
- (Hokkien:Zhangzhou,Tainan)
- (Hokkien:Penang)
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Quanzhou,GeneralTaiwanese)
- (Hokkien:Zhangzhou)
Note:
- tiuⁿ/tioⁿ/tiauⁿ - vernacular (“surname; to make arrangements for; classifier; to get angry; to pretend”);
- tiong/tiang - literary.
Note:
- ziang1 - literary;
- diên1 (Chaozhou), dion1 (Shantou) - vernacular (incl. surname).
- (Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin:jiang1 / dio1
- SinologicalIPA:/t͡siaŋ³⁵/, /tiɔ³⁵/
Note:
- jiang1 - literary;
- dio1 - vernacular (“surname; classifier”).
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) |
|---|
| Character | 張 |
|---|
| Reading # | 1/1 |
|---|
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) | zhāng |
|---|
Middle
Chinese | ‹ trjang › |
|---|
Old
Chinese | /*C.traŋ/ |
|---|
| English | draw a bow |
|---|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) |
|---|
| Character | 張 |
|---|
| Reading # | 1/2 |
|---|
| No. | 1259 |
|---|
Phonetic
component | 長 |
|---|
Rime
group | 陽 |
|---|
Rime
subdivision | 0 |
|---|
Corresponding
MC rime | 張 |
|---|
Old
Chinese | /*taŋ/ |
|---|
張
- tostring abow; topull abowstringtaut
- Antonym:弛
- 張弓／张弓 ― zhāng gōng ― to draw a bow
- tostretch; toopen up; tospread
- 張開／张开 ― zhāngkāi ― to open up, to spread
- 張口／张口 ― zhāngkǒu ― to gape, to yawn
- toexpand; tospread
- 擴張／扩张 ― kuòzhāng ― to expand, expansion
- 聲張／声张 ― shēngzhāng ― to make public, to disclose
- 誇張／夸张 ― kuāzhāng ― to exaggerate
- toset out; todisplay
- 張貼／张贴 ― zhāngtiē ― toput up (a notice, poster, etc.)
- tolook
- 東張西望／东张西望 ― dōngzhāngxīwàng ― tolook around
- (of a new business) tostart; toopen for business
- 新張／新张 ― xīnzhāng ― tobegin doing business
- Classifier for objects that can be expanded.
- 一張嘴／一张嘴 ― yīzhāng zuǐ ― one mouth
- Classifier for objects with aflatsurface: sheet
- 一張地圖／一张地图 ― yīzhāng dìtú ― a map
- 一張桌子／一张桌子 ― yīzhāng zhuōzi ― a table
- 幾張凳／几张凳[Cantonese] ― gei2zoeng1 dang3[Jyutping] ― several chairs
- 兩張紙／两张纸[Cantonese] ― loeng5zoeng1 zi2[Jyutping] ― twosheets of paper
- 高雄一張／高雄一张[Hokkien] ― Ko-hiông chi̍ttiuⁿ[Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― one ticket to Kaohsiung
- Classifier forvotes.
- (Cantonese, Hakka, Zhongshan Min)Classifier forknives.
- (Cantonese)Classifier for age of a person, approximating in multiples of tens.(only for thirty years old or above)
- 三張嘢／三张嘢[Cantonese] ― saam1zoeng1 je5[Jyutping] ― thirty-odd years old
- 三張幾／三张几[Cantonese] ― saam1zoeng1 gei2[Jyutping] ― thirty-something years old
- (Chineseastronomy)Extended Net(one ofTwenty-Eight Mansions)
- asurname,Zhang,listed #24 of theBaijiaxing
- 張飛／张飞 ― Zhāng Fēi ― Zhang Fei (Chinese military general serving under the warlord Liu Bei in the lateEastern Han dynasty)
- 張藝謀／张艺谋 ― Zhāng Yìmóu ― Zhang Yimou (Chinese film director)
- (Hokkien) tomakearrangements for; toset up
- (Hokkien) to getangry; tolose one'stemper
- (Zhangzhou Hokkien) topretend; tomake believe; tofeign
Dialectal synonyms of
張 (“(classifier for mouths)”)
[map]Dialectal synonyms of
張 (“(classifier for sheets of paper)”)
[map]Dialectal synonyms of
張 (“(classifier for photos)”)
[map]Dialectal synonyms of
封 (“(classifier for letters)”)
[map]Dialectal synonyms of
把 (“(classifier for chairs)”)
[map]Dialectal synonyms of
張 (“(classifier for tables)”)
[map]Dialectal synonyms of
張 (“(classifier for beds)”)
[map]| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|
| Formal(Written Standard Chinese) | 張 |
|---|
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 張 |
|---|
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 張 |
|---|
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 張 |
|---|
| Hakka | Miaoli(N. Sixian) | 張 |
|---|
| Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian) | 張 |
| Pingtung(Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 張 |
| Kaohsiung(Meinong; S. Sixian) | 張 |
| Kaohsiung(Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 張 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 架 |
|---|
| Fuzhou(Changle) | 架 |
| Fuqing | 架 |
| Yongtai | 架 |
| Gutian | 架 |
| Fu'an | 鋪 |
| Ningde | 架 |
| Shouning | 鋪 |
| Zhouning | 鋪 |
| Fuding | 張 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 張 |
|---|
| Quanzhou | 張 |
| Zhangzhou | 張 |
| New Taipei(Tamsui) | 頂,張 |
| New Taipei(Pingxi) | 張 |
| Kaohsiung | 頂 |
| Kaohsiung(Cijin) | 頂,張 |
| Kaohsiung(Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 張 |
| Yilan(Toucheng) | 頂 |
| Tainan | 張 |
| Tainan(Anping) | 張,頂 |
| Penghu(Xiyu) | 頂 |
| Manila(Hokkien) | 張 |
| Jieyang | 張 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 張,個,架 |
|---|
| Putian(Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 張 |
| Putian(Nanri, Xiuyu) | 張,個,架 |
| Xianyou | 層 |
| Xianyou(Fengting) | 層 |
| Xianyou(Youyang) | 層 |
Dialectal synonyms of
條 (“(classifier for quilts)”)
[map]| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|
| Formal(Written Standard Chinese) | 條,床 |
|---|
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 條,床 |
|---|
| Taiwan | 條 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 床 |
|---|
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 條,床 |
|---|
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 床 |
|---|
| Wuhan | 床 |
| Guilin | 床 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 床 |
|---|
| Hefei | 床 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 張,床 |
|---|
| Hong Kong | 張,床 |
| Hong Kong(San Tin; Weitou) | 張,番 |
| Hong Kong(Kam Tin; Weitou) | 張 |
| Hong Kong(Ting Kok) | 張,番 |
| Hong Kong(Tung Ping Chau) | 床 |
| Macau | 張 |
| Guangzhou(Panyu) | 張 |
| Guangzhou(Huashan, Huadu) | 張 |
| Guangzhou(Conghua) | 張 |
| Guangzhou(Zengcheng) | 張 |
| Foshan | 張 |
| Foshan(Shatou, Nanhai) | 張 |
| Foshan(Shunde) | 張 |
| Foshan(Sanshui) | 張 |
| Foshan(Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 張 |
| Zhongshan(Shiqi) | 張 |
| Zhuhai(Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 張 |
| Zhuhai(Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 張 |
| Zhuhai(Doumen) | 張 |
| Jiangmen(Baisha) | 張 |
| Jiangmen(Xinhui) | 張 |
| Taishan | 張 |
| Kaiping(Chikan) | 張 |
| Enping(Niujiang) | 張 |
| Heshan(Yayao) | 張 |
| Dongguan | 張 |
| Shenzhen(Shajing, Bao'an) | 番 |
| Yangjiang | 番 |
| Nanning | 番 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 床 |
|---|
| Hakka | Meixian | 番 |
|---|
| Huizhou(Huicheng; Bendihua) | 番 |
| Dongguan(Qingxi) | 番 |
| Shenzhen(Shatoujiao) | 張 |
| Zhongshan(Nanlang Heshui) | 張 |
| Guangzhou(Lütian, Conghua) | 床 |
| Hong Kong | 番 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 張,條,根 |
|---|
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 床 |
|---|
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 床 |
|---|
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 領,床 |
|---|
| Quanzhou | 領,床 |
| Jinjiang | 領 |
| Zhangzhou | 領,床 |
| Singapore(Hokkien) | 領 |
| Manila(Hokkien) | 領 |
| Pingnan(Shangdu) | 領 |
| Chaozhou | 領 |
| Shantou | 領 |
| Jieyang | 領 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 領,床,張 |
|---|
| Putian(Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 張 |
| Putian(Nanri, Xiuyu) | 領,床,張 |
| Xianyou | 領 |
| Xianyou(Fengting) | 領 |
| Xianyou(Youyang) | 領 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan(Longdu, Shaxi) | 張 |
|---|
| Wu | Suzhou | 條 |
|---|
| Wenzhou | 條,床 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 鋪,床 |
|---|
| Shuangfeng | 床 |
Dialectal synonyms of
輛 (“(classifier for vehicles)”)
[map]| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|
| Formal(Written Standard Chinese) | 輛,部 |
|---|
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 輛,掛 > |
|---|
| Taiwan | 輛,臺 |
| Malaysia | 輛 |
| Singapore | 輛 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 輛,掛 > |
|---|
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 輛,部 |
|---|
| Xi'an | 輛,掛 > |
| Xining | 輛 |
| Xuzhou | 輛,部 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 輛 |
|---|
| Ürümqi | 輛,部 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 架,掛,輛 |
|---|
| Wuhan | 乘,部 |
| Guiyang | 部 |
| Liuzhou | 部 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 部,輛,掛 dated |
|---|
| Yangzhou | 掛,輛 |
| Hefei | 掛,架 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 架,部 |
|---|
| Hong Kong | 架,部 |
| Hong Kong(San Tin; Weitou) | 架 |
| Hong Kong(Kam Tin; Weitou) | 架 |
| Hong Kong(Ting Kok) | 架 |
| Hong Kong(Tung Ping Chau) | 架 |
| Macau | 架 |
| Guangzhou(Panyu) | 架 |
| Guangzhou(Huashan, Huadu) | 架 |
| Guangzhou(Conghua) | 架 |
| Guangzhou(Zengcheng) | 架 |
| Foshan | 架 |
| Foshan(Shatou, Nanhai) | 架 |
| Foshan(Shunde) | 架 |
| Foshan(Sanshui) | 架 |
| Foshan(Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 架 |
| Zhongshan(Shiqi) | 架 |
| Zhuhai(Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 架 |
| Zhuhai(Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 部 |
| Zhuhai(Doumen) | 架 |
| Jiangmen(Baisha) | 架 |
| Jiangmen(Xinhui) | 架 |
| Taishan | 架 |
| Kaiping(Chikan) | 架 |
| Enping(Niujiang) | 架 |
| Heshan(Yayao) | 架 |
| Dongguan | 架 |
| Shenzhen(Shajing, Bao'an) | 架 |
| Yangjiang | 架 |
| Nanning | 架 |
| Danzhou | 架 |
| Kuala Lumpur(Guangfu) | 堂 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 隻,部,乘 |
|---|
| Pingxiang | 部 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 輛,架 |
|---|
| Xingning | 架 |
| Huizhou(Huicheng; Bendihua) | 輛 |
| Huiyang | 架 |
| Dongguan(Qingxi) | 架 |
| Shenzhen(Shatoujiao) | 架 |
| Zhongshan(Nanlang Heshui) | 架 |
| Wuhua(Huacheng) | 輛 |
| Heyuan(Bendihua) | 架 |
| Wengyuan | 輛 |
| Liannan | 架,部 |
| Guangzhou(Lütian, Conghua) | 架 |
| Jiexi | 輛 |
| Zhao'an(Xiuzhuan) | 輛 |
| Changting | 架 |
| Wuping(Yanqian) | 輛 |
| Ninghua | 輛 |
| Ningdu | 部 |
| Tonggu(Sandu) | 部 |
| Ganzhou(Panlong) | 頂 |
| Dayu | 部,輛 |
| Miaoli(N. Sixian) | 臺 |
| Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian) | 臺 |
| Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu) | 臺,輛 |
| Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu) | 臺 |
| Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping) | 臺,輛 |
| Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 輛 |
| Hong Kong | 架 |
| Yangxi(Tangkou) | 部 |
| Yangchun(Sanjia) | 部 |
| Xinyi(Sihe) | 部 |
| Xinyi(Qianpai) | 部 |
| Gaozhou(Xindong) | 架 |
| Maoming(Shalang, Dianbai) | 架 |
| Huazhou(Xin'an) | 部 |
| Lianjiang(Shijiao) | 部 |
| Mengshan(Xihe) | 部,個 |
| Luchuan | 架 |
| Senai(Huiyang) | 床 |
| Singkawang | 輛,臺,堂 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 部 |
|---|
| Jin | Taiyuan | 輛,掛 >,部 |
|---|
| Xinzhou | 輛 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 架 |
|---|
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 架,部 |
|---|
| Fuzhou(Changle) | 架 |
| Fuqing | 架,門 |
| Yongtai | 架 |
| Gutian | 架 |
| Fu'an | 架 |
| Ningde | 架 |
| Shouning | 部 |
| Zhouning | 篷 |
| Fuding | 架 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 頂,部,把,隻 |
|---|
| Xiamen(Tong'an) | 頂 |
| Quanzhou | 頂,把,隻 |
| Jinjiang | 把,頂 |
| Yongchun | 頂 |
| Zhangzhou | 頂,隻 |
| Zhangpu | 頂 |
| Tainan | 臺 |
| Penang(Hokkien) | 頂 |
| Singapore(Hokkien) | 頂 |
| Manila(Hokkien) | 頂 |
| Pingnan(Shangdu) | 架 |
| Chaozhou | 張,隻 |
| Raoping | 張 |
| Shantou | 隻 |
| Shantou(Chenghai) | 隻 |
| Haifeng | 輛,部 |
| Bangkok(Teochew) | 隻 |
| Johor Bahru(Teochew) | 隻 |
| Singapore(Teochew) | 頂,張 |
| Leizhou | 架 |
| Wenchang | 架 |
| Haikou | 架,場 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan(Longdu, Shaxi) | 架,部 |
|---|
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning(Tingzi) | 架 |
|---|
| Wu | Shanghai | 部 |
|---|
| Shanghai(Chongming) | 部 |
| Suzhou | 部 |
| Danyang | 部 |
| Hangzhou | 部,輛 |
| Ningbo | 部 |
| Wenzhou | 部,把 † |
| Jinhua | 部 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 部,張 †,把 † |
|---|
| Loudi | 部 |
| Shuangfeng | 間,部 |
| Note | > - large vehicles; † - large handcarts |
|---|
Dialectal synonyms of
架 (“(classifier for ladders)”)
[map]Dialectal synonyms of
把 (“(classifier for knives)”)
[map]| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|
| Formal(Written Standard Chinese) | 把 |
|---|
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 把 |
|---|
| Taiwan | 把 |
| Malaysia | 把 |
| Singapore | 把 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 把 |
|---|
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai(Muping) | 把 |
|---|
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 把 |
|---|
| Wanrong | 把 |
| Xi'an | 把 |
| Xining | 把 |
| Xuzhou | 把 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 把 |
|---|
| Lanzhou | 把 |
| Ürümqi | 把 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 把 |
|---|
| Wuhan | 把 |
| Guilin | 把 |
| Liuzhou | 把 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 把 |
|---|
| Yangzhou | 把 |
| Hefei | 把 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 把,張 |
|---|
| Hong Kong | 把,張 |
| Hong Kong(San Tin; Weitou) | 柄,把 |
| Hong Kong(Kam Tin; Weitou) | 張 |
| Hong Kong(Ting Kok) | 把 |
| Hong Kong(Tung Ping Chau) | 把 |
| Macau | 張 |
| Guangzhou(Panyu) | 張 |
| Guangzhou(Huashan, Huadu) | 張 |
| Guangzhou(Conghua) | 張 |
| Guangzhou(Zengcheng) | 張 |
| Foshan | 張 |
| Foshan(Shatou, Nanhai) | 張 |
| Foshan(Shunde) | 張 |
| Foshan(Sanshui) | 張 |
| Foshan(Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 張 |
| Zhongshan(Shiqi) | 張 |
| Zhuhai(Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 張 |
| Zhuhai(Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 張 |
| Zhuhai(Doumen) | 張 |
| Jiangmen(Baisha) | 張 |
| Jiangmen(Xinhui) | 張 |
| Taishan | 張 |
| Kaiping(Chikan) | 張 |
| Enping(Niujiang) | 張 |
| Heshan(Yayao) | 張 |
| Dongguan | 張 |
| Shenzhen(Shajing, Bao'an) | 張 |
| Qingyuan | 張 |
| Fogang | 張 |
| Yingde(Hanguang) | 張 |
| Yangshan | 張 |
| Lianshan(Butian) | 把 |
| Lianzhou(Qingshui; Sihui) | 張 |
| Shaoguan | 張 |
| Shaoguan(Qujiang) | 張,把 |
| Renhua | 張 |
| Lechang | 把 |
| Zhaoqing(Gaoyao) | 張 |
| Sihui | 張 |
| Guangning | 張 |
| Deqing | 張 |
| Huaiji | 支,把 |
| Fengkai(Nanfeng) | 張 |
| Yunfu | 張 |
| Xinxing | 張 |
| Luoding | 把 |
| Yunan(Pingtai) | 張 |
| Yangjiang | 張 |
| Xinyi | 張 |
| Lianjiang | 把 |
| Nanning | 把 |
| Guiping | 把 |
| Mengshan(Xihe) | 把 |
| Guigang(Nanjiang) | 張 |
| Beiliu(Tangliao) | 把 |
| Baise | 把 |
| Bobai | 張 |
| Lingshan | 把 |
| Pubei | 把 |
| Qinzhou | 把 |
| Beihai | 把 |
| Beihai(Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 把 |
| Ningming | 把 |
| Hengzhou | 把 |
| Hezhou(Pumen, Babu) | 張 |
| Fangchenggang(Fangcheng) | 把 |
| Kuala Lumpur(Guangfu) | 把 |
| Ho Chi Minh City(Guangfu) | 把 |
| Móng Cái | 把 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 把 |
|---|
| Lichuan | 把 |
| Pingxiang | 把 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 張 |
|---|
| Huizhou(Huicheng; Bendihua) | 把 |
| Dongguan(Qingxi) | 張 |
| Shenzhen(Shatoujiao) | 張 |
| Zhongshan(Nanlang Heshui) | 張 |
| Guangzhou(Lütian, Conghua) | 把 |
| Yudu | 把 |
| Hong Kong | 張 |
| Beiliu(Tang'an) | 張 |
| Mashan(Pianlian) | 把 |
| Senai(Huiyang) | 把 |
| Singapore(Meixian) | 張,把 |
| Singapore(Dabu) | 把 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 把 |
|---|
| Jin | Taiyuan | 把 |
|---|
| Xinzhou | 把 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 把 |
|---|
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 把 |
|---|
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 叢,支 |
|---|
| Quanzhou | 叢,支 |
| Jinjiang | 支 |
| Yongchun | 支 |
| Zhangzhou | 叢 |
| Manila(Hokkien) | 支 |
| Longyan | 支 |
| Zhangping(Yongfu) | 支 |
| Datian | 支 |
| Pingnan(Shangdu) | 把 |
| Chaozhou | 支 |
| Shantou | 支 |
| Bangkok(Teochew) | 支 |
| Johor Bahru(Teochew) | 支 |
| Leizhou | 把 |
| Haikou | 把 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan(Longdu, Shaxi) | 張,把 |
|---|
| Zhongshan(Sanxiang) | 張 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning(Tingzi) | 把 |
|---|
| Wu | Shanghai | 把 |
|---|
| Shanghai(Chongming) | 把 |
| Suzhou | 把 |
| Danyang | 把 |
| Hangzhou | 把 |
| Ningbo | 把 |
| Wenzhou | 把 |
| Jinhua | 把 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 把 |
|---|
| Loudi | 把 |
| Shuangfeng | 把 |
| Quanzhou | 把 |
- 上火(shànghuǒ)(dialectal Mandarin)
- 使性地(sái-sìng-tē)(Hokkien)
- 使性子(shǐ xìngzi)
- 使氣 /使气(shǐqì)
- 使癖(Hokkien)
- 使頸 /使颈(sai2 geng2)(Cantonese)
- 冒煙 /冒烟(màoyān)(colloquial)
- 動怒 /动怒(dòngnù)
- 受氣 /受气(siū-khì)(Hokkien)
- 嗔怒(chēnnù)
- 大怒(dànù)
- 奭(shì)(literary, or in compounds)
- 威怒(wēinù)(literary)
- 尥蹶子(liàojuězi)
- 𡳞火(Hokkien, vulgar)
- 弄性子(nòng xìngzi)(colloquial)
- 忿懥(fènzhì)(literary)
- 怒(nù)(literary, or in compounds)
- 急(jí)
- 急眼(jíyǎn)(colloquial)
- 惱怒 /恼怒(nǎonù)
- 惹氣 /惹气(rěqì)
- 惱火 /恼火(nǎohuǒ)
- 戳火(cuah4 hue2)(Jin)
- 掛氣 /挂气(guàqì)(dialectal)
- 暴怒(bàonù)(to explode in anger)
- 有氣 /有气(yǒuqì)
- 氣 /气
- 氣惱 /气恼(qìnǎo)
- 火大(huǒdà)
- 火癀(Hokkien)
- 燒色 /烧色(chiáu-să̤)(Northern Min)
- 爆氣 /爆气
- 犯脾氣 /犯脾气(fàn píqi)(colloquial)
- 狂怒(kuángnù)(to explode in anger)
- 生氣 /生气(shēngqì)
- 癀發 /癀发(Hokkien)
- 發呴 /发呴(7faq1heu)(Wu)
- 發性地 /发性地(Hokkien)
- 發火 /发火(fāhuǒ)
- 發癀 /发癀(Xiamen Hokkien)
- 發老脾 /发老脾(faat3 lou5 pei4-2)(Cantonese)
- 發脾四 /发脾四(faat3 pei4 sei3)(Cantonese)
- 發脾氣 /发脾气(fā píqi)
- 發臉 /发脸(Hokkien)
- 發輦 /发辇(Taiwanese Hokkien)
- 發飆 /发飙(fābiāo)(colloquial)
- 盛怒(shèngnù)
- 瞋恚(chēnhuì)(Classical Chinese)
- 耍態度 /耍态度(shuǎ tàidù)(colloquial)
- 耍脾氣 /耍脾气(shuǎ píqi)
- 苦氣 /苦气(Hokkien)
- 見氣 /见气(Yangzhou Mandarin, Huizhou, Wu, Xiang, Pingxiang Gan)
- 起性(Hokkien)
- 起性地(Hokkien)
- 起火
- 起花光(kī-huă-guŏng)(Eastern Min)
- 震怒(zhènnù)
- 鬧脾氣 /闹脾气(nào píqi)
Dialectal synonyms of
發脾氣 (“to lose one's temper”)
[map]| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|
| Formal(Written Standard Chinese) | 發脾氣,發橫,發火,發作,鬧脾氣,使性子,耍脾氣 |
|---|
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 犯葛 |
|---|
| Taiwan | 發脾氣 |
| Harbin | 發毛殃,跳老虎神,耍驢,耍磨磨丟,耍狗駝子 |
| Singapore | 發脾氣 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 犯肝氣,放肝氣,犯勁,犯態度,犯性 |
|---|
| Jinan | 發火,發脾氣,發火兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai(Muping) | 發氣,發火兒 |
|---|
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 毷,氉,躁 |
|---|
| Xi'an | 發脾氣,耍脾氣,使性子 |
| Xining | 耍脾氣 |
| Sokuluk(Gansu Dungan) | 動乃夫斯 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 發脾氣 |
|---|
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 發火,冒火,發氣,發毛 |
|---|
| Wuhan | 發脾氣,發火 |
| Guiyang | 發火,發毛 |
| Kunming | 鬼火綠 |
| Liuzhou | 發脾氣,發氣 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 來火,惱火 |
|---|
| Yangzhou | 動火,起毛 |
| Nantong | 動火,發毛,發絿,發躁 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 使脾氣,發脾氣,使頸,發狼戾 |
|---|
| Hong Kong | 發脾氣,發老脾,發脾四,發爛渣,發狼戾 |
| Dongguan | 火屎,使頸 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 發脾氣,發朱砂 |
|---|
| Lichuan | 發火 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 發火,發作,發狠,發性 |
|---|
| Xingning | 發性 |
| Shaoguan(Qujiang) | 發態度 |
| Lianshan(Xiaosanjiang) | 發性 |
| Wuping | 發切 |
| Liancheng | 發豬癲 |
| Ninghua | 發性 |
| Ruijin | 發氣,發性 |
| Shicheng | 發脾氣 |
| Shangyou(Shexi) | 發性子 |
| Miaoli(N. Sixian) | 發火,發作 |
| Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian) | 發火,發作 |
| Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu) | 發火,發作 |
| Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu) | 發火,發作 |
| Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping) | 發火,發作 |
| Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 發火,發作 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 發火 |
|---|
| Jin | Taiyuan | 發毛 |
|---|
| Xinzhou | 發毛,毛 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 起花光 |
|---|
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 使性,使癖,使性地,使體,使乃,使橫,使色水,發性,發性地,發臉,發癀,癀發,起猌神,起性,起性地,起否面,起雄,張 |
|---|
| Xiamen(Tong'an) | 使性地 |
| Quanzhou | 使性,使性地,侍體,使橫,發性地,發臉,癀發,訛神,起性,起性地,起雄,張 |
| Jinjiang | 使性地 |
| Zhangzhou | 使性,使癖,使性地,使體,發火癀,發性,發性地,癀發,起猌神,起性,起性地,張 |
| Taipei(Wanhua) | 發性地 |
| Kaohsiung | 使性地 |
| Yilan | 發脾氣 |
| Changhua(Lukang) | 使性地 |
| Taichung | 起性地 |
| Taichung(Wuqi) | 發脾氣 |
| Tainan | 發性地 |
| Taitung | 使性地 |
| Hsinchu | 發性地 |
| Penghu(Magong) | 起性地 |
| Singapore(Hokkien) | 發脾氣 |
| Manila(Hokkien) | 起性地,發性地,燒熱 |
| Shantou | 浮性 |
| Leizhou | 發火 |
| Haikou | 發火,發性,發惱,氣火,火性著,性著,火著 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning(Tingzi) | 發嬲,火起 |
|---|
| Wu | Shanghai | 光火,發脾氣,發毛,發格,發火,發飆 |
|---|
| Suzhou | 光火 |
| Danyang | 發態度,發火,發脾氣 |
| Hangzhou | 發火 |
| Ningbo | 光火 |
| Wenzhou | 發脾氣 |
| Jinhua | 發火,火 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 發氣,發脾氣,發火,發老毛 |
|---|
| Loudi | 發脾氣,發火 |
| Hengyang | 發火 |
- 佯裝 /佯装(yángzhuāng)
- 假仙(Taiwanese Hokkien)
- 假仙假觸 /假仙假触(Taiwanese Hokkien)
- 做假(Hakka, Teochew)
- 假假子(jia3 jia3 zr)(Xiang)
- 假嬰 /假婴(Quanzhou Hokkien)
- 假映(Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 假樣 /假样(Hokkien)
- 假空(Hokkien)
- 假裝 /假装(jiǎzhuāng)
- 偽裝 /伪装(wěizhuāng)
- 扮嘢(baan6 je5)(Cantonese)
- 激(Hokkien)
- 激樣 /激样(Hokkien)
- 裝作 /装作(zhuāngzuò)
- 裝假 /装假(zhuāngjiǎ)
| Zhengzhang system (2003) |
|---|
| Character | 張 |
|---|
| Reading # | 2/2 |
|---|
| No. | 1270 |
|---|
Phonetic
component | 長 |
|---|
Rime
group | 陽 |
|---|
Rime
subdivision | 0 |
|---|
Corresponding
MC rime | 帳 |
|---|
Old
Chinese | /*taŋs/ |
|---|
張
- toboast; toexaggerate(now merged into Pronunciation 1)
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)Original form of脹／胀 (zhàng).
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)Original form of帳／帐 (zhàng).
張
- (Hokkien, Puxian Min) tocatch ananimal bydrawing anet,setting atrap, etc.
- (Hokkien, Puxian Min, by extension) towait for; tostalk; towatch out(in order to catch or get something)
- (Hokkien, Puxian Min)implement forcatchinganimals;trap
- (Puxian Min) torun into; toencounter
張
(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)
- tostretch, tospread
張 (eum장(jang))
- give, throw, have (a party etc.).
- grant (a favor), bestow, confer.
張 (blang)
- page of a book
張:Hán Nôm readings:trương,trang,chanh,choang,chương,giương,chăng,chướng,dăng
- chữ Hán form ofTrương (“asurname from Chinese”)
- 張嘉平 ―Trương Gia Bình
