Movatterモバイル変換

崩

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

崩	U+5D29,崩 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5D29

←崨
[U+5D28]

CJK Unified Ideographs

崪 →
[U+5D2A]

Translingual

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

崩 (Kangxi radical 46,山+8, 11 strokes,cangjie input山月月 (UBB),four-corner2222₇,composition⿱山朋)

References

[edit]

Kangxi Dictionary:page 315, character 6
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8212
Dae Jaweon: page 615, character 26
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 781, character 14
Unihan data for U+5D29

Chinese

[edit]

simp. andtrad.		崩

Glyph origin

[edit]

Characters in the samephonetic series (朋)(Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
崩	*pɯːŋ
堋	pɯːŋs, pʰɯːŋ, *bɯːŋ
漰	*pʰɯːŋ
倗	pʰɯːŋʔ, bɯːŋ, *bɯːŋs
朋	*bɯːŋ
鵬	*bɯːŋ
棚	bɯːŋ, brɯːŋ, *brɯːŋ
鬅	*bɯːŋ
掤	*pɯŋ
淜	*bɯŋ
輣	brɯːŋ, brɯːŋ
繃	prɯːŋ, prɯːŋ
弸	pʰrɯːŋ, brɯːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*pɯːŋ): semantic 山(“mountain”) + phonetic 朋(OC*bɯːŋ) – to collapse (of a mountain).

Etymology

[edit]

Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Looks a bit likeProto-Kuki-Chin*poŋ(“to come off, unloose, fall off”), whenceMizo[Term?](phàwng-I, phâwn-II,“to come or fall off, be uprooted (as tree)”) (STEDT).”

Pronunciation

[edit]

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin):bēng (beng¹)
(Zhuyin):ㄅㄥ
(Chengdu,Sichuanese Pinyin):bong¹
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong,Jyutping):bang¹
(Taishan,Wiktionary):bang¹
Hakka
(Sixian,PFS):pên
(Hailu,HRS):ben^ˋ
(Meixian,Guangdong):bên¹
Eastern Min(BUC):bĕng / bŭng
Southern Min
(Hokkien,POJ):png /peng /pheng /pang
(Teochew,Peng'im):bang¹
Wu(Shanghai,Wugniu):¹pan;¹pen

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:bēng
  - Zhuyin:ㄅㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:beng
  - Wade–Giles:pêng¹
  - Yale:bēng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:beng
  - Palladius:бэн(bɛn)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/pɤŋ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin:bong¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz:bung
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/poŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:bang¹
  - Yale:bāng
  - Cantonese Pinyin:bang¹
  - Guangdong Romanization:beng¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/pɐŋ⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese,Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary:bang¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/paŋ³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl.Miaoli andNeipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:pên
  - Hakka Romanization System:ben^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim:ben¹
  - SinologicalIPA:/pen²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl.Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System:ben^ˋ
  - SinologicalIPA:/pen⁵³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong:bên¹
  - SinologicalIPA:/pɛn⁴⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê:bĕng / bŭng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/pɛiŋ⁵⁵/, /puŋ⁵⁵/

Note: bŭng - literary, bĕng - vernacular.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien:Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:png
  - Tâi-lô:png
  - Phofsit Daibuun:pngf
  - IPA (Quanzhou):/pŋ̍³³/
- (Hokkien:GeneralTaiwanese,Xiamen,Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:peng
  - Tâi-lô:ping
  - Phofsit Daibuun:pefng
  - IPA (Taipei,Kaohsiung,Xiamen,Zhangzhou):/piɪŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien:GeneralTaiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:pheng
  - Tâi-lô:phing
  - Phofsit Daibuun:phefng
  - IPA (Taipei,Kaohsiung):/pʰiɪŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Quanzhou,Zhangzhou,GeneralTaiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:pang
  - Tâi-lô:pang
  - Phofsit Daibuun:pafng
  - IPA (Xiamen,Zhangzhou,Taipei,Kaohsiung):/paŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou):/paŋ³³/

Note:

png/peng - literary;
pang - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im:bang¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:pang
- SinologicalIPA^(key):/paŋ³³/

Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai)
  - Wugniu:¹pan;¹pen
  - MiniDict:pan^平; pen^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):¹pan;¹pen
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/pã⁵³/,/pən⁵³/

Note:

1pan - vernacular;
1pen - literary.

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 崩
Mandarin	Beijing	/pəŋ⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/pəŋ⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/pəŋ²¹/
	Jinan	/pəŋ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/pəŋ²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/pəŋ²⁴/
	Xi'an	/pəŋ²¹/
	Xining	/pə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/pəŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/pə̃n³¹/
	Ürümqi	/pɤŋ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/poŋ⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/pən⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/pen⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/poŋ⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/pən³¹/
	Hefei	/pəŋ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/pəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/pəŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/pə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/pã⁵³/ /pəŋ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/pən⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/poŋ³³/
	Wenzhou	/paŋ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/pʌ̃³¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/pan¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/pən³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/pən³³/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian	/pen⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/pen²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/pɐŋ⁵³/
	Nanning	/pɐŋ⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/pɐŋ⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/piŋ⁵⁵/ /paŋ⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/pɛiŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/paiŋ²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/paŋ³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ʔboŋ²³/ /ʔbaŋ²³/

Middle Chinese:pong

Rime
Character	崩
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	登 (129)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	北滕切
Baxter	pong
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pəŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/pəŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/pəŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pəŋ/
Li Rong	/pəŋ/
Wang Li	/pəŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pəŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bēng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bang¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart):/*Cə.pˤəŋ/
(Zhengzhang):/*pɯːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	崩
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bēng
Middle Chinese	‹ pong ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə.pˁəŋ/
English	collapse (v., of a mountain)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	崩
Reading #	1/1
No.	9658
Phonetic component	朋
Rime group	蒸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*pɯːŋ/

Definitions

[edit]

崩

tocollapse; tocrumble; tocave in
torupture; toburst
(euphemistic, of a monarch) todie
(colloquial) toexecute byfiring squad; toshoot dead
(Cantonese) to bechipped
(Cantonese)cent; small amounts of money(Classifier:個／个c)

Synonyms

[edit]

Dialectal synonyms of槍斃 (“to execute by firing squad”)[map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)		槍斃,槍決
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	槍斃,斃,崩
	Taiwan	槍斃
	Ulanhot	槍崩
	Tongliao	槍崩
	Chifeng	槍斃,崩
	Hulunbuir(Hailar)	槍崩,吃黑棗兒
	Harbin	槍斃,槍癟,槍崩,斃,癟,崩
	Shenyang	槍斃,崩
	Singapore	槍斃
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	槍斃
	Tangshan	槍斃,崩
	Cangzhou	槍斃,崩
	Baoding	槍斃,崩
	Shijiazhuang	槍斃,崩
	Jinan	槍斃,斃,崩
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Qingdao	槍斃,崩
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	槍斃,叫炮
	Wanrong	槍斃
	Zhengzhou	槍斃,崩,教炮 Hui
	Xi'an	槍斃,槍決
	Xining	槍斃
	Xuzhou	槍斃,崩,敲,斃
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	槍崩,槍排,槍斃,崩,排
	Bayanhot	槍斃
	Lanzhou	槍斃,斃,崩
	Ürümqi	槍斃,崩
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	槍斃,敲沙罐兒,敲沙罐
	Wuhan	槍斃,扣,崩
	Guiyang	槍斃,敲沙罐,毃沙罐,捱炮眼
	Kunming	槍斃,崩掉,辦掉
	Guilin	槍斃
	Liuzhou	槍斃,打靶,打背
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	槍斃,吃蓮蓬子
	Yangzhou	槍斃,斃,銃
	Nantong	槍斃
	Hefei	槍斃
Cantonese	Guangzhou	打靶,槍斃
	Hong Kong	打靶,槍斃
	Hong Kong(Kam Tin; Weitou)	打靶
	Macau	打靶
	Guangzhou(Panyu)	打靶
	Guangzhou(Huashan, Huadu)	打靶
	Guangzhou(Conghua)	打靶
	Guangzhou(Zengcheng)	打靶
	Foshan	打靶
	Foshan(Shatou, Nanhai)	打靶
	Foshan(Shunde)	打靶
	Foshan(Sanshui)	打靶
	Foshan(Mingcheng, Gaoming)	打靶
	Zhongshan(Shiqi)	辣窿
	Zhuhai(Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	打靶
	Zhuhai(Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	打靶
	Zhuhai(Doumen)	打靶
	Jiangmen(Baisha)	打靶
	Jiangmen(Xinhui)	打靶
	Taishan	打靶
	Kaiping(Chikan)	打靶
	Enping(Niujiang)	打靶
	Heshan(Yayao)	打靶
	Dongguan	打靶,槍斃
	Shenzhen(Shajing, Bao'an)	打靶
	Shaoguan	打靶
	Yunfu	打靶
	Yangjiang	槍斃,打靶
	Xinyi	槍斃
	Lianjiang	打靶
	Nanning	槍斃
	Wuzhou	槍斃
	Yulin	槍斃
	Hepu(Lianzhou)	槍斃,咬草
Gan	Nanchang	槍斃
	Lichuan	槍斃
	Pingxiang	槍斃
Hakka	Meixian	打靶,打靶仔,槍決,槍斃
	Huizhou(Huicheng; Bendihua)	打靶
	Dongguan(Qingxi)	打靶
	Shenzhen(Shatoujiao)	打靶
	Guangzhou(Zhengguo, Zengcheng)	打靶
	Zhongshan(Wuguishan)	打靶,槍斃
	Zhongshan(Nanlang Heshui)	打靶
	Guangzhou(Lütian, Conghua)	槍斃
	Yudu	槍斃,打,斃
	Ruijin	打靶
	Shicheng	槍斃
	Shangyou(Shexi)	打靶
	Miaoli(N. Sixian)	銃殺
	Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu)	銃殺
	Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu)	銃殺
	Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping)	銃殺
	Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an)	銃殺
	Luchuan(Daqiao)	槍斃
Huizhou	Jixi	槍斃
Huizhou	Shexian	槍斃
Jin	Taiyuan	槍崩,崩
	Xinzhou	槍崩,崩
	Taibus(Baochang)	槍崩
	Linhe	槍崩,槍斃
	Jining	槍斃,崩
	Hohhot	槍崩,槍斃,崩
	Baotou	槍斃
	Dongsheng	槍崩
	Haibowan	槍決
	Zhangjiakou	槍斃,槍崩
	Handan	槍斃,崩
Northern Min	Jian'ou	𢫦炮,槍斃
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	槍斃,拍銃
Southern Min	Xiamen	拍銃,銃決,決,銃斃
	Quanzhou	拍銃,決,銃斃
	Jinjiang	拍銃
	Yongchun	拍銃
	Zhangzhou	拍銃,扢響,扢穿,鑽穿
	Tainan	銃殺
	Singapore(Hokkien)	拍銃
	Shantou	槍斃,拍靶
	Jieyang	拍靶,彈
	Leizhou	拍靶
	Haikou	拍靶
Puxian Min	Putian	銃斃
	Putian(Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	銃斃
	Putian(Nanri, Xiuyu)	銃命
	Xianyou	銃斃
	Xianyou(Fengting)	銃斃
	Xianyou(Youyang)	銃斃
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan(Longdu, Shaxi)	拍靶
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan(Sanxiang)	拍靶
Southern Pinghua	Nanning(Tingzi)	槍斃
Northern Pinghua	Guilin(Dahe)	槍斃
Wu	Shanghai	槍斃
	Shanghai(Chongming)	槍斃
	Suzhou	槍斃
	Danyang	槍斃
	Hangzhou	槍斃
	Wenzhou	槍斃,斃
	Jinhua	槍斃
Xiang	Changsha	槍斃
	Loudi	槍斃,打
	Quanzhou	槍斃

(to pass away):

edit

下世(xiàshì)(formal)
上天(shàngtiān)(euphemistic)
上路(shànglù)(euphemistic)
不在(bùzài)(euphemistic)
不幸(bùxìng)(Classical Chinese, euphemistic)
不祿 /不禄(bùlù)(archaic, euphemistic, of military officers)
亡
亡故(wánggù)(literary)
仙逝(xiānshì)(euphemistic)
仙遊 /仙游(xiānyóu)(euphemistic)
作古(zuògǔ)(literary, euphemistic)
做鬼(zuòguǐ)(colloquial)
傾世 /倾世(qīngshì)(literary)
傾亡 /倾亡(qīngwáng)(literary)
入寂(rùjì)(Buddhism, of Buddhist monks)
凋謝 /凋谢(diāoxiè)(to die of old age)
化去(huàqù)(euphemistic)
升天(shēngtiān)(euphemistic)
即世(jíshì)(literary)
去世(qùshì)
合眼(héyǎn)(euphemistic)
喪亡 /丧亡(sàngwáng)(literary)
喪命 /丧命(sàngmìng)(euphemistic)
喪生 /丧生(sàngshēng)(euphemistic)
嗚呼 /呜呼(wūhū)(euphemistic)
嗝屁(gěpì)(Mandarin, vulgar, dysphemistic)
嚥氣 /咽气(yànqì)(colloquial)
回老家(huí lǎojiā)(euphemistic, humorous)
圓寂 /圆寂(yuánjì)(of Buddhist monks or nuns)
壽終正寢 /寿终正寝(shòuzhōngzhèngqǐn)(euphemistic)
失氣 /失气(shīqì)(literary)
安息(ānxī)(euphemistic)
安眠(ānmián)(euphemistic)
小喇叭兒吹了 /小喇叭儿吹了(xiǎo lǎbār chuī le)(Beijing Mandarin)
就義 /就义(jiùyì)(to die a martyr)
崩殂(bēngcú)(Classical, of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
彈老三 /弹老三(Northern Wu, informal, humorous)
往生(wǎngshēng)(euphemistic)
忽然(hūrán)(Classical Chinese, euphemistic)
掛 /挂(guà)(slang, humorous)
故(gù)
故世(gùshì)(euphemistic, chiefly of one's elders)
故去(gùqù)(euphemistic, chiefly of one's elders)
斃命 /毙命(bìmìng)(pejorative)
早死(zǎosǐ)
晏駕 /晏驾(yànjià)(of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
枯死(kūsǐ)(literary, figurative)
棄世 /弃世(qìshì)(literary)
歸天 /归天(guītiān)(euphemistic)
歸西 /归西(guīxī)(euphemistic)
歸道山 /归道山(guī dàoshān)(literary, euphemistic)
死(sǐ)
死亡(sǐwáng)(formal)
死人(sǐrén)
死去(sǐqù)(informal)
死掉(sǐdiào)(informal)
死翹翹 /死翘翘(sǐqiàoqiào)(informal, humorous)
死脫 /死脱(⁵shi-theq)(Wu)
殞 /殒(yǔn)(archaic)
氣絕 /气绝(qìjué)(literary)
永眠(yǒngmián)(euphemistic, honorific)
沒世 /没世(mòshì)(literary)
沉眠(chénmián)(euphemistic)
消忒(Hakka, euphemistic)
物化(wùhuà)(literary)
狗帶 /狗带(gǒudài)(slang, neologism)
畢命 /毕命(bìmìng)(formal, euphemistic)
病亡(bìngwáng)(to die of illness)
病故(bìnggù)(to die of illness)
病死(bìngsǐ)(to die of illness)
病逝(bìngshì)(to die of illness)
瘐死(yǔsǐ)(of deaths in prison)
百年歸老 /百年归老(bǎiniánguīlǎo)(euphemistic, of the elderly)
盡命 /尽命(jìnmìng)(literary, euphemistic)
終 /终(zhōng)(literary, or in compounds, euphemistic)
絕 /绝(jué)(literary, or in compounds)
翹辮子 /翘辫子(qiào biànzi)(informal, humorous)
老了(lǎo le)(euphemistic, of the elderly)
蒙主寵召 /蒙主宠召(méngzhǔchǒngzhào)(Christianity, euphemistic)
薨(hōng)(Classical Chinese, of feudal lords or high officials)
薨逝(hōngshì)(of feudal lords)
被難 /被难(bèinàn)(to be killed in a disaster, political incident, etc.)
見背 /见背(jiànbèi)(literary, of one's parents or elders)
見閻王 /见阎王(jiàn Yánwáng)(figurative)
見馬克思 /见马克思(jiàn Mǎkèsī)(communism, euphemistic)
謝世 /谢世(xièshì)(literary)
賓天 /宾天(bīntiān)(of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
走(zǒu)(euphemistic)
走去踮(Hokkien, euphemistic)
身亡(shēnwáng)(formal, usually from unnatural causes)
辭世 /辞世(císhì)(literary)
辭塵 /辞尘(cíchén)(literary, euphemistic)
逝世(shìshì)
進棺材 /进棺材(jìn guāncái)
過世 /过世(guòshì)
過去 /过去(guòqù)(euphemistic)
過往 /过往(Hokkien, Teochew, euphemistic)
過身 /过身(guòshēn)(literary)
過面 /过面(Hokkien)
長山賣鴨卵 /长山卖鸭卵(Hakka, euphemistic)
長眠 /长眠(chángmián)(euphemistic, honorific)
閉眼 /闭眼(bìyǎn)(euphemistic)
隕落 /陨落(yǔnluò)(euphemistic)
離世 /离世(líshì)(euphemistic)
駕崩 /驾崩(jiàbēng)(of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
駕鶴西去 /驾鹤西去(jiàhèxīqù)(euphemistic)
駕鶴西遊 /驾鹤西游(jiàhèxīyóu)(euphemistic)
龍馭上賓 /龙驭上宾(lóngyùshàngbīn)(of an emperor)

Compounds

[edit]

Japanese

[edit]

Shinjitai	崩
Kyūjitai ^[1]	崩󠄁 崩+`󠄁`^? (Adobe-Japan1)
	崩󠄃 崩+`󠄃`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. Seehere for details.