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岡

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:𫝍and冈

岡	U+5CA1,岡 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5CA1

←岠
[U+5CA0]

CJK Unified Ideographs

岢 →
[U+5CA2]

Translingual

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Han character

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岡 (Kangxi radical 46,山+5, 8 strokes,cangjie input月廿山 (BTU),four-corner7722₀,composition⿵𦉰山)

Derived characters

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堈,㟠,掆 (㧏),棡 (㭎),焵,犅,碙,綱 (纲),罁,鋼 (钢),剛 (刚),崗 (岗)

Additional Derived Characters

𰂒,𠵹, 𫷆, 𢜟, 𣷣, 𱮂, 𨹽, 𤦇, 𬠐, 𮝚, 𩸒, 𤭛, 𫤷, 𨿺, 𬳭, 𦱌, 𬏲, 𬴰

Related characters

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冈(Simplified Chinese)

References

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Kangxi Dictionary:page 308, character 39
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7962
Dae Jaweon: page 608, character 25
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 100, character 14
Unihan data for U+5CA1

Chinese

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trad.		岡
simp.		冈^*
alternative forms		崗／岗

Glyph origin

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Characters in the samephonetic series (岡)(Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
岡	*klaːŋ
崗	*klaːŋ
剛	*klaːŋ
掆	klaːŋ, klaːŋs
鋼	klaːŋ, klaːŋs
綱	*klaːŋ
犅	*klaːŋ
堈	*klaːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*klaːŋ): phonetic 网(OC*mlaŋʔ) + semantic 山(“mountain”).

Etymology

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FromProto-Sino-Tibetan*kaŋ(“hill, ridge, mountain”) (STEDT,Schuessler, 2007), cognate withTibetanསྒང(sgang,“ridge; mound”),Burmeseခင်(hkang,“ridge”),Burmeseအခေါင်(a.hkaung,“summit”),Lahuqhɔ³³(“mountain”),Puroikgɹaŋ³³(“mountain”), Proto-Tamangic *ᴬgaŋ ("hill, mountain").

STEDT also proposes cognacy with京 (OC*kraŋ, “artificial mound, capital”) and鯨 (OC*ɡraŋ, “whale”).

Pronunciation

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Mandarin
(Pinyin):gāng,gǎng (gang¹,gang³)
(Zhuyin):ㄍㄤ, ㄍㄤˇ
Cantonese(Jyutping):gong¹
Hakka(Sixian,PFS):kông
Eastern Min(BUC):gŏng
Southern Min
(Hokkien,POJ):kong /kang
(Teochew,Peng'im):gang¹ / geng¹
Wu(Shanghai,Wugniu):¹kaon

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:gāng
  - Zhuyin:ㄍㄤ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:gang
  - Wade–Giles:kang¹
  - Yale:gāng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:gang
  - Palladius:ган(gan)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kɑŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, variant inTaiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:gǎng
  - Zhuyin:ㄍㄤˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:gǎng
  - Wade–Giles:kang³
  - Yale:gǎng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:gaang
  - Palladius:ган(gan)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kɑŋ²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:gong¹
  - Yale:gōng
  - Cantonese Pinyin:gong¹
  - Guangdong Romanization:gong¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kɔːŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl.Miaoli andNeipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:kông
  - Hakka Romanization System:gong^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim:gong¹
  - SinologicalIPA:/koŋ²⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê:gŏng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kouŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Quanzhou,Zhangzhou,GeneralTaiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:kong
  - Tâi-lô:kong
  - Phofsit Daibuun:kofng
  - SinologicalIPA (Quanzhou):/kɔŋ³³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Zhangzhou,Taipei,Kaohsiung):/kɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Quanzhou,Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:kang
  - Tâi-lô:kang
  - Phofsit Daibuun:kafng
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Zhangzhou):/kaŋ⁴⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Quanzhou):/kaŋ³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im:gang¹ / geng¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:kang / kṳng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kaŋ³³/, /kɯŋ³³/

Note: geng1 - used in黃岡.

Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai)
  - Wugniu:¹kaon
  - MiniDict:kaon^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):¹kaan
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/kɑ̃⁵³/

Middle Chinese:kang

Rime
Character	岡
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古郎切
Baxter	kang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaŋ/
Li Rong	/kɑŋ/
Wang Li	/kɑŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gong¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang):/*klaːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	岡
Reading #	1/1
No.	3711
Phonetic component	岡
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	岡
Old Chinese	/*klaːŋ/
Notes	說文從山網聲

Definitions

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岡

ridge orcrest of amountain
mountain;hill

Compounds

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References

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“岡”, in漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1],香港中文大學 (theChinese University of Hong Kong),2014–

Japanese

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Kanji

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See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 岡

岡

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

hill

Readings

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Go-on:こう(kō)^{←かう(kau,historical)}
Kan-on:こう(kō)^{←かう(kau,historical)}
Kun:おか(oka,岡,Jōyō^†)^{←をか(woka,岡,historical)}

Etymology

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Kanji in this term
岡
おか Grade: 4
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of岡 – see the following entry.

【おか】

[noun]hill

[proper noun]asurname

[noun][from 1310]land,ground(as opposed to thesea or other bodies of water)

[noun][from 1708] the bathing area next to anお風呂(ofuro,“traditional Japanese soaking tub”), often raised relative to the tub basin

[noun][from 1873] the raised portion of a硯(suzuri,“inkstone”) where one grinds the stick ofIndia ink(as opposed to the池(ike, literally“pond”) or海(umi, literally“sea”), the small depressed basin area where one pours in the water)

[interjection](Internet slang)short forおかえり(okaeri):welcome back, welcomehome

Alternative spellings
丘,陸

(This term,岡, is an alternative spelling(only in proper nouns) of the above term.)

References

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“岡”, in漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese),The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation,2015–2025

Korean

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KoreanWikisource has texts containing thehanja:

岡

岡 (eumhun산등성이 강(sandeungseong'i gang))

hanja form^? of강(“hill”)

References

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국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary,전자사전／電子字典.[3]
Supreme Court of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 대법원,Daehanmin'guk Daebeobwon) (2018). Table of hanja for personal names (인명용 한자표 / 人名用漢字表,Inmyeong-yong hanja-pyo), page 1.[4]