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就

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

就	U+5C31,就 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C31

←尰
[U+5C30]

CJK Unified Ideographs

尲 →
[U+5C32]

Translingual

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Stroke order

Stroke order

Han character

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就 (Kangxi radical 43,尢+9, 12 strokes,cangjie input卜火戈大山 (YFIKU),four-corner0391₄,composition⿰京尤)

Derived characters

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僦,噈,憱,㩆,殧,蹴,蹵,鷲 (鹫),㠇

Additional Derived Characters

𰊱, 𪼝, 𦠢, 𧑙, 𧫾, 𫎢, 𰽌, 𪆩, 𱘁, 𤎼, 𤏅, 𮕀, 𮚦, 𩀻, 𥳛, 𧄥

References

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Kangxi Dictionary:page 299, character 5
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7599
Dae Jaweon: page 594, character 20
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 555, character 11
Unihan data for U+5C31

Chinese

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simp. andtrad.		就
alternative forms		𫢁𡬱𡰜

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character就
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)	Liushutong (compiled inMing)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Bronze inscriptions b08325 b08326 b08327 b08328 b08329 b08330 b08331 Small seal script s03836
References: Mostly from Richard Sears'Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the samephonetic series (就)(Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
僦	*ʔsuɡs
就	*zuɡs
鷲	*zuɡs
殧	zuɡs, ʔsuɡ, *sʰuɡ
噈	*ʔsuɡ
蹴	ʔsuɡ, sʰuɡ

Originally𫢁, ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 享 + 京, a temple and a tower – meaning "to sacrifice at a high place". During theWarring States period,享 was omitted. In seal script,尤 (“especially; even more”) is added to the right, signifying "high; to go to a higher place".

Etymology 1

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Cognate with造 (OC*skʰuːɡs, “to proceed to”) (Wang, 1982).

Pronunciation

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Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin):jiù (jiu⁴)
(Zhuyin):ㄐㄧㄡˋ
(Chengdu,Sichuanese Pinyin):jiu⁴
(Xi'an,Guanzhong Pinyin):jiù
(Nanjing,Nanjing Pinyin):ziù
(Dungan,Cyrillic andWiktionary):зу (zu, III)
Cantonese(Jyutping):zau⁶ /a⁶
Gan(Wiktionary):qiu⁵
Hakka
(Sixian,PFS):chhiu
(Hailu,HRS):ciu^˖
(Meixian,Guangdong):qiu⁴
Jin(Wiktionary):jiou³
Eastern Min(BUC):cêu
Puxian Min(Pouseng Ping'ing):ziu⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien,POJ):chiū
(Teochew,Peng'im):ziu⁶
(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin):jiu⁶
Wu(Wugniu)
- (Northern):⁶zhieu /⁶jieu /⁶zeu /⁶ziu /⁶zieu /²zeu /²jieu /⁶ziou /⁶ze
- (Jinhua):⁶dzieu;⁶zieu
Xiang(Changsha,Wiktionary):ziou⁵ / ziou⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:jiù
  - Zhuyin:ㄐㄧㄡˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:jiòu
  - Wade–Giles:chiu⁴
  - Yale:jyòu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:jiow
  - Palladius:цзю(czju)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin:jiu⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz:giu
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡ɕiəu²¹³/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin:jiù
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡ɕiɤu⁵³/
- (Nanjing)
  - Nanjing Pinyin:ziù
  - Nanjing Pinyin (numbered):ziu¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡siəɯ³¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic andWiktionary:зу (zu, III)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡sou⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:zau⁶ / a⁶
  - Cantonese Pinyin:dzau⁶ / a⁶
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡sɐu̯²²/, /ɐ²²/

Note: a6 - reduced form in colloquial speech.

Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary:qiu⁵
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡ɕʰiu¹¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl.Miaoli andNeipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:chhiu
  - Hakka Romanization System:qiu
  - Hagfa Pinyim:qiu⁴
  - SinologicalIPA:/t͡sʰi̯u⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl.Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System:ciu^˖
  - SinologicalIPA:/t͡sʰiu³³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong:qiu⁴
  - SinologicalIPA:/t͡ɕʰiu⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary:jiou³
  - SinologicalIPA (old-style):/t͡ɕiəu⁴⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê:cêu
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡siɛu²⁴²/
Puxian Min
- (Putian,Jiangkou,Nanri,Donghai)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:ziu⁵
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍:ciū
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡siu¹¹/
- (Xianyou,Youyang,Fengting)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:ziu⁵
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡siu²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:chiū
  - Tâi-lô:tsiū
  - Phofsit Daibuun:ciu
  - IPA (Xiamen):/t͡siu²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou):/t͡siu⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou):/t͡siu²²/
  - IPA (Taipei):/t͡siu³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung):/t͡siu³³/

Note: chiū - literary (“to approach, to undertake, to comply, with regard to”).

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im:ziu⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:tsiŭ
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡siu³⁵/
- (Leizhou)
  - Leizhou Pinyin:jiu⁶
  - SinologicalIPA:/t͡siu³³/
Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai,Shaoxing,Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu:⁶zhieu
  - MiniDict:zhieu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):³xxieu
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/ʑiɤ²³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Shaoxing):/ʑiɤ¹¹/
  - SinologicalIPA (Zhoushan):/ʑiu¹³/
- (Northern:Shanghai,Jiaxing,Haining,Hangzhou,Shaoxing,Ningbo,Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu:⁶jieu
  - MiniDict:jieu^去
  - MiniDict:jiu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):³jjieu
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/d͡ʑiɤ²³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Jiaxing):/d͡ʑiəu¹¹³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Haining):/d͡ʑiɤɯ¹¹³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Hangzhou):/d͡ʑiø¹¹³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Shaoxing):/d͡ʑiɤ¹¹/
  - SinologicalIPA (Ningbo):/d͡ʑiʏ¹¹³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Zhoushan):/d͡ʑiu¹³/
- (Northern:Shanghai,Suzhou,Tongxiang,Haining)
  - Wugniu:⁶zeu
  - MiniDict:zeu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):³zeu
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/zɤ²³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Suzhou):/zøy²³¹/
  - SinologicalIPA (Tongxiang):/zəɯ¹¹³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Haining):/zɤɯ¹¹³/
- (Northern:Jiading)
  - Wugniu:⁶ziu
  - MiniDict:ziu^去
  - SinologicalIPA (Jiading):/zy¹³/
- (Northern:Songjiang)
  - Wugniu:⁶zieu
  - SinologicalIPA (Songjiang):/ziɯ¹³/
- (Northern:Chongming)
  - Wugniu:²zeu
  - MiniDict:zeu^平
  - SinologicalIPA (Chongming):/szɵ²⁴/
- (Northern:Chongming)
  - Wugniu:²jieu
  - MiniDict:jieu^平
  - SinologicalIPA (Chongming):/d͡ʑiɵ²⁴/
- (Northern:Changzhou)
  - Wugniu:⁶ziou
  - MiniDict:ziou^去
  - SinologicalIPA (Changzhou):/ziɤɯ²⁴/
- (Northern:Jiaxing)
  - Wugniu:⁶ze
  - MiniDict:ze^去
  - SinologicalIPA (Jiaxing):/ze¹¹³/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu:⁶dzieu;⁶zieu
  - SinologicalIPA (Jinhua):/d͡ziu¹⁴/,/ziu¹⁴/

Note:

⁶jieu (Shanghai) - Often considered a "New period" reading, more common in speakers experiencing the/ʑ/ >/dʑ/ shift;
⁶zeu (Shanghai) - uncommon;
⁶jieu (Jiaxing, Haining) - literary reading;
²jieu (Chongming) - literary reading.

Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary:ziou⁵ / ziou⁴
  - SinologicalIPA^(key) (old-style):/t͡si̯əu̯²¹/, /t͡si̯əu̯⁴⁵/
  - SinologicalIPA^(key) (new-style):/t͡ɕi̯əu̯²¹/, /t͡ɕi̯əu̯⁴⁵/

Note:

ziou5 - vernacular;
ziou4 - literary.

Middle Chinese:dzjuwH

Rime
Character	就
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	疾僦切
Baxter	dzjuwH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡zɨu^H/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ziu^H/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ziəu^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zuw^H/
Li Rong	/d͡ziu^H/
Wang Li	/d͡zĭəu^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/d͡zʱi̯ə̯u^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zau⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart):/*[dz]u[k]-s/
(Zhengzhang):/*zuɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	就
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiù
Middle Chinese	‹ dzjuw^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[dz]u[k]-s/
English	go to
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	就
Reading #	1/1
No.	6994
Phonetic component	就
Rime group	奧
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	就
Old Chinese	/*zuɡs/
Notes	秦簡漢帛右皆從又，下加點劃，此表京已築就。決非尤聲

Definitions

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就

toapproach; tomove towards
toreach; toarrive at
toundertake; toengage in
就業／就业 ― jiùyè ― to get a job; employment
tosucceed; tocomplete
tocomply; tofollow; toaccept
tosuffer; to besubjected to
(of food) togo with
with regard to;concerning
even if;even though
at once;right away
我馬上就來。／我马上就来。 ― Wǒ mǎshàngjiù lái. ― I'll comeright away.
(Cantonese)almost;soon
(used for emphasis)exactly;precisely;just
這就對了！／这就对了！ ― Zhèjiù duì le! ― That's just it!
他就住在街對面。[MSC,trad.]
他就住在街对面。[MSC,simp.]
Tājiù zhù zài jiē duìmiàn.[Pinyin]
He livesjust across the street.
only;merely;just
我就認識一個中國人。[MSC,trad.]
我就认识一个中国人。[MSC,simp.]
Wǒjiù rènshí yī ge zhōngguó rén.[Pinyin]
Ionly know one Chinese person.
房間裡就一張床，一張桌子。[MSC,trad.]
房间里就一张床，一张桌子。[MSC,simp.]
Fángjiān lǐjiù yī zhāng chuáng, yī zhāng zhuōzǐ.[Pinyin]
There'sonly one bed and one table in the room.
我工資就五千塊，他買件衣服就一萬塊。人和人的差距真是太大了。[MSC,trad.]
我工资就五千块，他买件衣服就一万块。人和人的差距真是太大了。[MSC,simp.]
Wǒ gōngzījiù wǔ qiān kuài, tā mǎi jiàn yīfújiù yī wàn kuài. Rén hé rén de chājù zhēn shì tài dà le.[Pinyin]
My salary isonly five thousand yuan, and he buys clothes that are as much as ten thousand yuan. The disparity between people truly is too large.
Synonym:只
then
我做完就會告訴你。[MSC,trad.]
我做完就会告诉你。[MSC,simp.]
Wǒ zuòwánjiù huì gàosù nǐ.[Pinyin]
I will tell you when I have finished.
沒有共產黨就沒有新中國。[MSC,trad.]
没有共产党就没有新中国。[MSC,simp.]
Méiyǒu gòngchǎndǎngjiù méiyǒu xīn zhōngguó.[Pinyin]
[If] there were no Communist Party, [then] there would be no new China
(used to express earliness) as early as;as soon as
我一大早就起床。[MSC,trad. andsimp.]
Wǒ yīdàzǎojiù qǐchuáng.[Pinyin]
I'm up with the sun.
asmany as; asmuch as
Used between two identical words to express indifference or resignation.
去就去，反正在家也沒事。[MSC,trad.]
去就去，反正在家也没事。[MSC,simp.]
Qùjiù qù, fǎnzhèng zài jiā yě méi shì.[Pinyin]
If you want to go,then go. Besides, there's nothing happening at home.
alternative form of鷲 /鹫(jiù)