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專

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:専,专,and尃

專	U+5C08,專 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C08

←將
[U+5C07]

CJK Unified Ideographs

尉 →
[U+5C09]

Translingual

[edit]

Traditional	專
Shinjitai	専
Simplified	专

Kangxi Dictionary:page 295, character 1
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7439
Dae Jaweon: page 584, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 507, character 1
Unihan data for U+5C08

Chinese

[edit]

trad.		專
simp.		专
alternative forms		専耑剸／𰄞叀𠧡

Glyph origin

[edit]

Historical forms of the character專
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)	Liushutong (compiled inMing)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the samephonetic series (專)(Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
竱	toːn, tjonʔ
團	*doːn
摶	doːn, doːn, *donʔ
篿	doːn, tjon
慱	*doːn
剸	doːn, tjonʔ, *tjons
鄟	doːn, tjon, *djonʔ
漙	*doːn
鷒	doːn, tjon
轉	tonʔ, tons
傳	tons, don, *dons
囀	*tons
縳	donʔ, dons
專	*tjon
磚	*tjon
甎	*tjon
塼	*tjon
嫥	*tjon
膞	tjon, tjonʔ, *djonʔ
鱄	tjon, tjonʔ
蓴	*djun

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意) andphono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*tjon): phonetic 叀(“spindle”) + semantic 又(“hand”) – a hand turning a spindle or spinning wheel. Originally also written叀.

The又 was later replaced by related寸.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin):zhuān (zhuan¹)
(Zhuyin):ㄓㄨㄢ
(Xi'an,Guanzhong Pinyin):pfǎn
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong,Jyutping):zyun¹
(Dongguan,Jyutping++):zoen¹
(Taishan,Wiktionary):zon¹
Gan(Wiktionary):zon¹
Hakka
(Sixian,PFS):chôn
(Hailu,HRS):zhon^ˋ
(Meixian,Guangdong):zon¹
Jin(Wiktionary):zuan¹
Northern Min(KCR):cṳíng
Eastern Min(BUC):ciŏng
Puxian Min(Pouseng Ping'ing):zoeng¹ / zuong¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien,POJ):choan
(Teochew,Peng'im):zuang¹ / zuêng¹
(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin):jieng¹
Southern Pinghua(Nanning,Jyutping++):zyun¹
Wu(Wugniu)
- (Northern):¹tsoe /¹cioen /¹tsie /¹tse /¹tsuon /¹tseen /¹tsoen
- (Jinhua):¹cioe;¹ciuan
Xiang(Changsha,Wiktionary):jyenn¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:zhuān
  - Zhuyin:ㄓㄨㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:jhuan
  - Wade–Giles:chuan¹
  - Yale:jwān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:juan
  - Palladius:чжуань(čžuanʹ)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ʈ͡ʂu̯än⁵⁵/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin:pfǎn
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/p͡fʰã²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:zyun¹
  - Yale:jyūn
  - Cantonese Pinyin:dzyn¹
  - Guangdong Romanization:jun¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡syːn⁵⁵/
- (Dongguan,Guancheng)
  - Jyutping++:zoen¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡søn²¹³/
- (Taishanese,Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary:zon¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡sᵘɔn³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary:zon¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡sɵn⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl.Miaoli andNeipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:chôn
  - Hakka Romanization System:zon^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim:zon¹
  - SinologicalIPA:/t͡son²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl.Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System:zhon^ˋ
  - SinologicalIPA:/t͡ʃon⁵³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong:zon¹
  - SinologicalIPA:/t͡sɔn⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary:zuan¹
  - SinologicalIPA (old-style):/t͡suæ̃¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized:cṳíng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡syiŋ⁵⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê:ciŏng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡suoŋ⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:zoeng¹
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍:ce̤ng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡sœŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:zuong¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡suoŋ⁵⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:choan
  - Tâi-lô:tsuan
  - Phofsit Daibuun:zoafn
  - IPA (Xiamen):/t͡suan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou):/t͡suan³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou):/t͡suan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei):/t͡suan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung):/t͡suan⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im:zuang¹ / zuêng¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:tsuang / tsueng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡suaŋ³³/, /t͡sueŋ³³/

Note:

zuang1 - Shantou;
zuêng1- Chaozhou.

(Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin:jieng¹
- SinologicalIPA:/t͡sieŋ³⁵/

Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua,Tingzi)
  - Jyutping++:zyun¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡syn⁵³/
Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai,Chongming,Suzhou,Kunshan,Changzhou,Jiaxing,Haining,Haiyan,Deqing,Xiaoshan,Ningbo)
  - Wugniu:¹tsoe
  - MiniDict:tsoe^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):¹tsoe
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/t͡sø⁵³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Chongming):/t͡sø⁵⁵/
  - SinologicalIPA (Suzhou):/t͡sø⁴⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Kunshan):/t͡sø⁵⁵/
  - SinologicalIPA (Changzhou):/t͡sɵ⁵⁵/
  - SinologicalIPA (Jiaxing):/t͡sɤə⁵³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Haining):/t͡sɤ⁵⁵/
  - SinologicalIPA (Haiyan):/t͡sə⁵¹/
  - SinologicalIPA (Deqing):/t͡sɤ⁴⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiaoshan):/t͡sə̃⁴⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Ningbo):/t͡sø⁵²/
- (Northern:Jingjiang)
  - Wugniu:¹cioen
  - SinologicalIPA (Jingjiang):/t͡ɕiũ⁴⁴/
- (Northern:Jiading)
  - Wugniu:¹tsie
  - MiniDict:tsie^平
  - SinologicalIPA (Jiading):/t͡sɪ⁵³/
- (Northern:Songjiang,Tongxiang,Haining)
  - Wugniu:¹tse
  - SinologicalIPA (Songjiang):/t͡se⁵³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Tongxiang):/t͡sɛ⁴⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Haining):/t͡se⁵⁵/
- (Northern:Hangzhou)
  - Wugniu:¹tsuon
  - MiniDict:tsuon^平
  - SinologicalIPA (Hangzhou):/t͡szʷõ³³⁴/
- (Northern:Shaoxing,Cixi)
  - Wugniu:¹tseen
  - MiniDict:tsen^平
  - SinologicalIPA (Shaoxing):/t͡sẽ⁵²/
  - SinologicalIPA (Cixi):/t͡sẽ³²⁴/
- (Northern:Shaoxing,Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu:¹tsoen
  - MiniDict:tsoeon^平
  - SinologicalIPA (Shaoxing):/t͡sø̃⁵²/
  - SinologicalIPA (Zhoushan):/t͡sø⁵³/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu:¹cioe;¹ciuan
  - SinologicalIPA (Jinhua):/t͡ɕyɤ³³⁴/,/t͡ɕyã³³⁴/

Note:

Haining:
- 1tsoe - old-style;
- 1tse - new-style.

Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary:jyenn¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡ɕy̯ẽ³³/

Middle Chinese:tsywen

Rime
Character	專
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	仙 (78)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	職緣切
Baxter	tsywen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiuᴇn/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕʷiɛn/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjuæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cwian/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiuɛn/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭwɛn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯wɛn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhuān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zyun¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart):/*ton/
(Zhengzhang):/*tjon/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	專
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhuān
Middle Chinese	‹ tsywen ›
Old Chinese	/*ton/
English	exclusively
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.