將 (Kangxi radical 41,寸+8, 11 strokes,cangjie input女一月木戈 (VMBDI),four-corner2724₂,composition⿰爿⿱𱼀寸)

• 摪,㯍,䒂,蹡,鏘,鱂,䵁,嶈,蔣,䉃,墏,奬,㢡,槳,漿,獎,䊢,螿,醬,䵼,𤖛,𫦔,𡑶

• 将(Simplified Chinese and Japaneseshinjitai)

• Kangxi Dictionary:page 294, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7438
• Dae Jaweon: page 583, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2375, character 10
• Unihan data for U+5C07

Historical forms of the character將
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋs): phonetic 爿(OC*braːn, *zaŋ,“bed; small table”) + semantic ⺼(“meat”) + semantic 寸(“hand”) – to offer meat as tribute. Besides pronunciation, 爿 may partly indicate a small cutting board and/or sacrificial table on which the meat is placed. The sacrificial meat and the hand together form the shape𪧷, which is similar but unrelated to有.

The⺼ component is on its side, hence resembles夕 with an added dot; compare祭,然.

Shuowen erroneously considers the phonetic component of將 to be醬 (OC*ʔsaŋs, “sauce”) (abbreviated).

A conflation of two roots: “to take; to hold” and “will; be going to; near”.

“to take; to hold” (Pronunciations 1, 2 and 3)

Sino-Tibetan: compareTibetanའཆང('chang,“to hold, to keep, to carry”).

“will; be going to; near” (Pronunciation 1)

Austroasiatic: compareKhmerចង់(cɑng,“to want, to wish; to approach, to draw near; about to (do something), on the point of”) <Old Khmercaṅa(“to wish, to want”). Cognate with且 (OC*sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa, “about to; on the point of; moreover; also”) (Wu, 2015).

anteposed object introductory particle

Pulleyblank (1995) notes that 將 as well as several other particles like唯 (OC*ɢʷi, *ɢʷiʔ) and必 (OC*pliɡ) could in Early Classical Chinese topicalize a noun phrase, including predicate objects who are recapitulated with the verb by the pronoun是 (OC*djeʔ), leading effectively to a construction in the form of "將 O 是 V" ("to V O"), which he notes is superficially similar to the later colloquial usage of 將 and 把.

將

1. will;going to

   將來／将来  ― jiānglái  ―  future [lit.will come]

   人類將滅絕嗎？／人类将灭绝吗？  ― Rénlèijiāng mièjué ma?  ― Will humans go extinct?

   • 吳之將亡，賢愚所知，非今日也。[Literary Chinese,trad.]
     吴之将亡，贤愚所知，非今日也。[Literary Chinese,simp.]

     From:Chen Shou,Records of the Three Kingdoms, circa 3^rd centuryCE

     Wú zhījiāng wáng, xián yú suǒ zhī, fēi jīnrì yě.[Pinyin]

     Wuwill perishsoon; this has been known by both the fool and the wise; it is not known today.

2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)soon; in thenearfuture
3. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)nearly;almost
   1. 78thtetragram of theTaixuanjing; "on the verge" (𝍓)
4. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)just;just now
5. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)certainly;surely
6. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) totake; tohold; tocarry

   • 流波將月去，潮水帶星來。[Literary Chinese,trad.]
     流波将月去，潮水带星来。[Literary Chinese,simp.]

     From:c. around 600,楊廣 (Emperor Yang of Sui),《春江花月夜二首（其一）》, translated into English asFlowers and Moonlight on the Spring River

     Liúbōjiāng yuè qù, cháoshuǐ dài xīng lái.[Pinyin]

     Suddenly a wavecarries the moon away and the tidal water comes with its freight of stars.

   • 五花馬，千金裘。
     呼兒將出換美酒，
     與爾同銷萬古愁。[Literary Chinese,trad.]
     五花马，千金裘。
     呼儿将出换美酒，
     与尔同销万古愁。[Literary Chinese,simp.]

     From:c. 752,李白 (Li Bai),《將進酒》

     Wǔhuāmǎ, qiānjīn qiú.
     Hū érjiāng chū huàn měijiǔ,
     Yǔ ěr tóng xiāo wàngǔ chóu.[Pinyin]

     My precious horse, and my furs worth a thousand gold pieces; call your son and have himtake them out to be swapped for fine wine, and together with you I'll drown the sorrows of ten thousand ages.

7. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)by;by means of;with
8. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)also;half ... half ...;or
9. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)if; in the case that ...
10. Particle introducing the object of the verb, used in the same fashion as把 but more formal.

    將飯做好／将饭做好  ― jiāng fàn zuò hǎo  ―  to make the food ready

    將醫生請來／将医生请来  ― jiāng yīshēng qǐng lái  ―  to send for a doctor

    • (Can wedate this quote?), “碎心戀”,黃敏 (lyrics):

      恨你絕情將阮放[Hokkien,trad.]
      恨你绝情将阮放[Hokkien,simp.]

      hūn lí choa̍t-chêngchiong gún pàng[Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

      I resented that you heartlessly let me go

11. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) tosupport; toassist
12. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) toadvance; togo
13. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) totakeorders; tofollow
14. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) tosee off; tosend off
15. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) totakealong; tobring
16. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) touse; toutilise
17. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) tohandle; todeal with
18. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) toeat; tohave
19. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) tolead; toguide

    將軍／将军  ― jiāngjūn  ―  military general

20. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) tosubmit to; to beobedient to
21. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) toprovide for
22. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) torecuperate; tomaintain; totake care of one'shealth
23. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) toexpress; toconvey
24. (dialectal) toincite someone toaction
25. (dialectal, of animals) tobear (an offspring); togive birth
26. (chess) tocheck

    將死／将死  ― jiāngsǐ  ―  to checkmate

27. (obsolete or dialectal)Particle placed after the verb and before a resultative phrase (進來,起來,進去 etc.).

    走將出來／走将出来  ― zǒujiāng chūlái  ―  to walk out

    唱將起來／唱将起来  ― chàngjiāng qǐlái  ―  to start to sing

    • 方陞座，殿角狂風驟起。只見一條大青蛇，從梁上飛將下來，蟠於椅上。[Written Vernacular Chinese,trad.]
      方升座，殿角狂风骤起。只见一条大青蛇，从梁上飞将下来，蟠于椅上。[Written Vernacular Chinese,simp.]

      From:c.1330 - 1400:Luo Guanzhong,Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Chapter 1 (三國演義/第001回)

      Fāng shēng zuò, diàn jiǎo kuángfēng zhòu qǐ. Zhǐ jiàn yī tiáo dà qīng shé, cóng liáng shàng fēijiāng xiàlái, pán yú yǐ shàng.[Pinyin]

      As soon as the emperor ascended onto his throne, a gust of wind suddenly arose out of the corner of the hall. A big green snake was spotted which flew down from the rafters and coiled up on the seat.

28. (Hong Kong)short for將軍澳／将军澳 (Jiāngjūn'ào, “Tseung Kwan O”)

In Cantonese, when used for introducing the object of a verb, the action should involve a change or movement of the object.

將

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) tocommand; tolead
2. (military)general
3. high-rankingmilitaryofficer
4. (xiangqi)general;king:🩧 (on the black side)
5. (figurative)dab hand (at something);capable person

• (Chinese chess pieces)帥 /帅(shuài) /將 /将(jiàng),仕(shì) /士(shì),相 /象(xiàng),俥 /伡 /車 /车(jū),傌 /㐷 /馬 /马(mǎ),炮 /砲 /炮,兵(bīng) /卒(zú)

將

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) toask; torequest; toinvite
2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)used in將將／将将

or=''shō''

• “將”, in漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1],香港中文大學 (theChinese University of Hong Kong),2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆[Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “将”, in莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page106.

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji,shinjitai form将)

1. Kyūjitai form of将

From將 (MC tsjang, “just now;also,half... half...,or;take,hold; etc.”):

• Go-on:そう(sō)^{←さう(sau,historical)}
• Kan-on:しょう(shō)^{←しやう(syau,historical)}
• Kun:はた(hata,將)、まさに(masani,將に)、もって(motte,將て)

From將 (MC tsjangH, “command,lead;commander,general;high-rankingmilitaryofficer”):

• Go-on:そう(sō)^{←さう(sau,historical)}
• Kan-on:しょう(shō)^{←しやう(syau,historical)}
• Kun:ひきいる(hikiiru,將いる)^{←ひきゐる(fikiwiru,將ゐる,historical)}

Nanori readings:

• Nanori:すけ(suke)、すすむ(susumu)、たすく(tasuku)、ただし(tadashi)、たもつ(tamotsu)、のぶ(nobu)、ひとし(hitoshi)、まさ(masa)、もち(mochi)、ゆき(yuki)

Nominalization of verb勝る(masaru,“toexcel,rival,surpass”).

• (Tokyo)まさる[màsáꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [2])
• (Tokyo)まさる[màsárú] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ma̠sa̠ɾɯ̟]

將(まさる)• (Masaru) 

1. a malegiven name

• 将

FromMiddle Chinese將 (MC tsjangH, “commander”).

• (in장군 (將軍,janggun)):
  • (SK Standard/Seoul)IPA^(key):[t͡ɕa̠ŋ]
  • Phonetic hangul:[장]
• (general; commander; etc.):
  • (SK Standard/Seoul)IPA^(key):[t͡ɕa̠(ː)ŋ]
  • Phonetic hangul:[장(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

KoreanWikisource has texts containing thehanja:

將

將 (eumhun장수(將帥)장(jangsu jang))

1. hanja form^? of장(“general;commander”)[noun]

FromMiddle Chinese將 (MC tsjang, “totake; tohold”).

• (SK Standard/Seoul)IPA^(key):[t͡ɕa̠ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul:[장]

將 (eumhun장차(將次)장(jangcha jang))

1. hanja form^? of장(“take,hold;from now on,in the future”)[affix]

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary,전자사전／電子字典.[4]

• 當

(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

將 (pata) (kanaはた)

1. by chance
2. also

• 將や(pata ya)

• Japanese:はた(hata)

將:Hán Việt readings:tướng (子(tử)亮(lượng)切(thiết))^{[1][2][3][4][5]},tương (資(tư)良(lương)切(thiết))^[2][3][4][5]
將:Nôm readings:tướng^[1][2][4][6],tương^[2][3][7][4]

將• (tương,tướng)

1. chữ Hán form oftướng
   1. (military)general;commander
   2. (xiangqi) apiecelabeled with thecharacter將 inblack and帥 (soái) inred

將• (tương)

1. chữ Hán form oftương (“soon; in thenearfuture”)

• 將來 (tương lai)

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