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孟 (Kangxi radical 39,子+5, 8 strokes,cangjie input弓木月廿 (NDBT),four-corner17107,composition⿱子皿)
| simp. andtrad. | 孟 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 𥁪 | |

| Historical forms of the character孟 |
|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan) |
| Small seal script |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*mraːŋs): semantic 子(“child; son”) + phonetic 皿(OC*maŋʔ)
FromProto-Sino-Tibetan*maŋ(“big; old; elder (brother, uncle)”); cognate withAnongʈhi³¹ mɑŋ³¹(“old; elderly”),Drungtvmvng(“elder sibling”),Burmeseမင်း(mang:,“monarch; king”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT).
Likely related to兄 (OC*hmraŋ, “older brother”) (Sagart, 1999; STEDT). Perhaps also related to芒 (OC*maːŋ, *maŋ, “great; extensive”) and荒 (OC*hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋs, “vast; excessive; senile”) (Sagart, 1999;Schuessler, 2007).
| Variety | Location | 孟 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /məŋ⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /məŋ⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /məŋ⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /məŋ²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /məŋ⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /məŋ³¹²/ | |
| Xi'an | /məŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Xining | /mə̃²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /məŋ¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /mə̃n¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /mɤŋ²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /moŋ³⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /moŋ¹³/ | |
| Guiyang | /moŋ²¹³/ | |
| Kunming | /moŋ²¹²/ | |
| Nanjing | /mən⁴⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /məŋ⁵³/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /məŋ⁴⁵/ |
| Pingyao | /məŋ³⁵/ | |
| Hohhot | /mə̃ŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /mã²³/ |
| Suzhou | /mã³¹/ | |
| Hangzhou | /moŋ¹³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /miɛ²²/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /mʌ̃²²/ |
| Tunxi | /man¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /moŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Xiangtan | /mən⁵⁵/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /mɛn²¹/ /muŋ²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /men⁵³/ |
| Taoyuan | /men⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /maŋ²²/ |
| Nanning | /mɐŋ²²/ | |
| Hong Kong | /maŋ²²/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /biŋ⁵³/ |
| Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /maiŋ²⁴²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /maiŋ³³/ | |
| Shantou (Teochew) | /meŋ³⁵/ | |
| Haikou (Hainanese) | /moŋ³⁵/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 孟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 庚 (109) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 莫更切 |
| Baxter | maengH |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /mˠæŋH/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /mᵚaŋH/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /maŋH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /maɨjŋH/ |
| Li Rong | /mɐŋH/ |
| Wang Li | /mɐŋH/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /mɐŋH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | mèng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | mang6 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 孟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | mèng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ mængH › |
| Old Chinese | /*mˁraŋ-s/ |
| English | eldest, great |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 孟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9152 |
| Phonetic component | 皿 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 孟 |
| Old Chinese | /*mraːŋs/ |
孟
孟 (eumhun맹랑할망(maengnanghal mang))
孟:Hán Việt readings:mạnh[1][2][3]
孟:Nôm readings:mạnh[1][2][3],mảnh[1]
孟