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婆 (Kangxi radical 38,女+8, 11 strokes,cangjie input水水女 (EEV),four-corner34404,composition⿱波女)
| trad. | 婆 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp.# | 婆 | |
| Historical forms of the character婆 |
|---|
| Liushutong (compiled inMing) |
| Transcribed ancient scripts |
 |
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 陂 | *pral, *prals |
| 詖 | *pral, *prals |
| 彼 | *pralʔ |
| 柀 | *pralʔ |
| 佊 | *pralʔ, *prals |
| 貱 | *prals |
| 跛 | *prals, *paːlʔ |
| 披 | *pʰral, *pʰralʔ |
| 鈹 | *pʰral |
| 帔 | *pʰral, *pʰrals |
| 鮍 | *pʰral |
| 耚 | *pʰral |
| 狓 | *pʰral |
| 翍 | *pʰral |
| 旇 | *pʰral, *brals |
| 秛 | *pʰral, *pʰrals |
| 紴 | *pʰralʔ, *paːl |
| 皮 | *bral |
| 疲 | *bral |
| 被 | *bralʔ, *brals |
| 髲 | *brals |
| 鞁 | *brals |
| 骳 | *mbralʔ |
| 波 | *paːl |
| 碆 | *paːl, *baːl |
| 菠 | *paːl |
| 簸 | *paːlʔ, *paːls |
| 駊 | *paːlʔ, *pʰaːlʔ |
| 頗 | *pʰaːl, *pʰaːlʔ, *pʰaːls |
| 坡 | *pʰaːl |
| 玻 | *pʰaːl |
| 破 | *pʰaːls |
| 婆 | *baːl |
| 蔢 | *baːl |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*baːl): phonetic 波(OC*paːl) + semantic 女(“woman”).
FromProto-Sino-Tibetan*pʷa-n ~ *bʷa-n(“grandmother”). Cognate withBurmeseဘွား(bhwa:,“grandmother”) (STEDT).
| Variety | Location | 婆 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /pʰo³⁵/ |
| Harbin | /pʰɤ²⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /pʰo⁴⁵/ | |
| Jinan | /pʰə⁴²/ | |
| Qingdao | /pʰə⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /pʰo⁴²/ | |
| Xi'an | /pʰo²⁴/～娘 /pʰo⁴⁴/丈夫母親 | |
| Xining | /pʰɔ²⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /pʰuə⁵³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /pʰə⁵³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /pʰɤ⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /pʰo²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /pʰo³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /pʰo²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /pʰo³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /pʰo²⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /pʰʊ⁵⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /pʰɤ¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /pʰɔ¹³/ /pei¹³/老～ | |
| Hohhot | /pʰɤ³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /bu²³/ |
| Suzhou | /bu¹³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /bo²¹³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /bøy³¹/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /pʰo⁴⁴/ |
| Tunxi | /pʰo⁴⁴/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /po¹³/ |
| Xiangtan | /bo¹²/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /pʰo²⁴/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /pʰo¹¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /pʰo¹¹/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /pʰɔ²¹/ |
| Nanning | /pʰɔ²¹/ | |
| Hong Kong | /pʰɔ²¹/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /po³⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /po⁵³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /pɔ²¹/ /pɔ³³/賤 | |
| Shantou (Teochew) | /pʰua⁵⁵/ /po⁵⁵/ | |
| Haikou (Hainanese) | /fo³¹/ /ʔbo³¹/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 婆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 戈 (95) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 薄波切 |
| Baxter | ba |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /buɑ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /buɑ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /buɑ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /bwa/ |
| Li Rong | /buɑ/ |
| Wang Li | /buɑ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱuɑ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pó |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | po4 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 婆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | pó |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ba › |
| Old Chinese | /*[b]ˁa[j]/ |
| English | 婆娑 saunter, dance |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 婆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9734 |
| Phonetic component | 皮 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 婆 |
| Old Chinese | /*baːl/ |
| Notes | 爾雅用於婆娑， 廣韻老母乃如集韻同媻 |
婆
In transcriptions of Buddhist terms,婆 (MC ba) is often used to transcribeSanskritब(ba),भ(bha) andव(va), e.g.濕婆 /湿婆(Shīpó,“Shiva”).
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 婆 |
| ばば Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
Possibly areduplication of姥(uba,“old woman”).(Canthis(+) etymology besourced?)
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 婆 |
| ばばあ Grade: S |
| irregular |
/baba/ →/babaː/
Alteration ofbaba above.
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 婆 |
| ば Grade: S |
| on'yomi |
FromMiddle Chinese婆 (MC ba).
FromMiddle Chinese婆 (MC ba). Recorded asMiddle Korean파(pha) (Yale:pha) inHunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
婆:Hán Việt readings:bà[1][2][3][4][5]