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From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:
U+5879,塹
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5879

[U+5878]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+587A]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 32,+11, 14 strokes,cangjie input十中土 (JLG),four-corner52104,composition)

  1. moat,trench,pit,cavity

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary:page 237, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5394
  • Dae Jaweon: page 475, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 478, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+5879

Chinese

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trad.
simp.

Glyph origin

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Characters in the samephonetic series ()(Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*zaːm
*zaːm
*zaːm, *zaːmʔ, *zaːms, *zeːm, *zamʔ
*zaːmʔ, *sʰam, *sʰams, *zamʔ
*zaːms
*zaːms
*ʔsreːmʔ
*zeːm, *zaːm
*zreːmʔ, *zaːm
*ʔsraːms
*sʰraːms
*ʔsam, *zamʔ
*sʰams
*sʰams
*sʰams
*zam, *zamʔ
*zamʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*sʰams): phonetic (OC*ʔsreːmʔ) + semantic (earth).

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading #1/1
Initial () (14)
Final () (153)
Tone (調)Departing (H)
Openness (開合)Open
Division ()III
Fanqie
BaxtertshjemH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡sʰiᴇmH/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡sʰiɛmH/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡sʰjæmH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/t͡sʰiamH/
Li
Rong
/t͡sʰiɛmH/
Wang
Li
/t͡sʰĭɛmH/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/t͡sʰi̯ɛmH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
qiàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
cim3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading #1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
qiàn
Middle
Chinese
‹ tshjemH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[tsʰ]am-s/
Englishmoat; dig out

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading #1/1
No.16806
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*sʰams/
Notes

Definitions

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  1. Adeeppit ortrench,especially acitymoat
  2. Anaturalbarrier
  3. Arift valley

Compounds

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References

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  • "塹" at 《教育百科》, ROC Ministry of Education

Japanese

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Kanji

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See also:

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out andadd a translation, then remove the text{{rfdef}}.

Readings

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References

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Korean

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Hanja

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(cham) (hangeul,revised cham,McCune–Reischauer ch'am)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out andadd a translation, then remove the text{{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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:Hán Nôm readings:khiếm

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out andadd a translation, then remove the text{{rfdef}}.

References

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