| ||||||||
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
垣 (Kangxi radical 32,土+6, 9 strokes,cangjie input土一日一 (GMAM),four-corner41116,composition⿰土亘)
| simp. andtrad. | 垣 | |
|---|---|---|
| Historical forms of the character垣 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan) | Liushutong (compiled inMing) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*ɢʷan): semantic 土(“earth”) + phonetic 亘(xuān).
Borrowed fromTocharian Bwänt-,Tocharian Awänt-(“to envelop, to surround”).[1]
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 垣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 云 (35) |
| Final (韻) | 元 (66) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 雨元切 |
| Baxter | hjwon |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦʉɐn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦʷiɐn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣiuɐn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦuan/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣiuɐn/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣĭwɐn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯wɐn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yuán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyun4 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 垣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yuán |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hjwon › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɢ]ʷar/ |
| English | wall |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 垣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 14017 |
| Phonetic component | 亘 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 袁 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɢʷan/ |
垣
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 垣 |
| かき Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
FromOld Japanese垣(kaki₁), fromProto-Japonic*kaki.
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