匹 (Kangxi radical 23,匸+2, 4 strokes,cangjie input尸金 (SC),four-corner7171₁,composition⿷匚儿(GJKV) or⿷匸⿰丿㇄(HT))

• 甚

• Kangxi Dictionary:page 154, character 36
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2673
• Dae Jaweon: page 347, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 81, character 6
• Unihan data for U+5339

Historical forms of the character匹
Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)	Liushutong (compiled inMing)
Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Uncertain. Various theories have been proposed based on the evidence from the bronze inscriptions:

• Pictogram (象形) of folds in cloth (Lin, 1920);
• Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*pʰid): semantic 石(“rock”) + phonetic 乙(OC*qriɡ) or乀 (MC phjut). The phonetic component may be replaced with匕 (OC*pilʔ) (not shown above);
• Ideogram (指事): half of丙 (“two horses”) – one horse (Zhang et al., 1996), but the origin of the character丙 is also uncertain (for example, it could be the tail of a fish).

Shuowen considers it to be an ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意) andphono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*pʰid): phonetic 八(OC*preːd,“eight”) + semantic 匸(“to conceal”) – unit of measuring cloth.八 refers to eight folds in one匹 of cloth (two bolts of cloth), and匸 refers to concealing the two ends of the cloth when rolling it up. This interpretation is not likely since the older forms evidently do not contain these components.

Uncertain. Possibly related toKhmerពីរ(pii,“two”) orMizophîr(“double; forked; twin”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Wang (1982) considers it to be cognate with比 (OC*piʔ, “to compare; to match”),媲 (OC*pʰiːs, “to match; to pair”).

The meaning “four zhang of cloth” is probably a special application, but it is reminiscent ofProto-Sino-Tibetan*pV-lij(“four”) (ibid.).

匹

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) tomatch; to beequal

   匹配  ― pǐpèi  ―  to match

   匹敵／匹敌  ― pǐdí  ―  to be equal

2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)match;equal;opponent
3. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)mate;spouse
4. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)single;one
5. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)fourzhang ofcloth
6. Classifier forbolts ofcloth.

   一匹布  ― yīpǐ bù  ―  abolt of cloth

7. (Sichuanese)Classifier forflatsurfaces or objects (hillside, leaves, tiles, etc.).
8. (Sichuanese)Classifier forlong,thin objects (bones, feathers, grass, bamboo strips, etc.).
9. (Sichuanese)Classifier forpieces orlumps (bricks, etc.).
10. (Sichuanese)Classifier formountains.
11. asurname

匹

1. Classifier forhorses,donkeys,mules, etc.

   1617,張應俞, “脫剝騙”, in騙經‎^[1]:

   時有一匹銀合好馬,價約值四十金。

   Shí yǒu yī pǐ yínhé hǎo mǎ, jià yuē zhēn sìshí jīn.

   At the time, there was a fine horse with a silvery coat, which cost about forty gold coins.

   一匹馬／一匹马  ― yīpǐ mǎ  ―  a horse

   一匹斑馬／一匹斑马  ― yīpǐ bānmǎ  ―  a zebra

   一匹狼  ― yīpǐ láng  ―  a wolf

   一匹馬騾／一匹马骡  ― yīpǐ mǎluó  ―  a mule

   一匹駱駝／一匹骆驼  ― yīpǐ luòtuó  ―  a camel

   一匹騸馬／一匹骟马  ― yīpǐ shànmǎ  ―  a gelding

   一匹騾子／一匹骡子  ― yīpǐ luózi  ―  a mule

2. (dialectal, including Sichuanese)Classifier foranimals.

   • 阿Q沒有說完話，拔步便跑；追來的是一匹很肥大的黑狗。[MSC,trad.]
     阿Q没有说完话，拔步便跑；追来的是一匹很肥大的黑狗。[MSC,simp.]

     From:1922,魯迅 (Lu Xun),阿Q正傳 (The True Story of Ah Q), translation from theMarxists Internet Archive

     Ā Q méiyǒu shuō wán huà, bábù biàn pǎo; zhuī lái de shì yīpǐ hěn féidà de hēi gǒu.[Pinyin]

     Leaving his sentence unfinished, Ah Q took to his heels as fast as he could, followed by an enormously fat, black dog.

   • 吱吱吱，一匹耗子在什麼暗角裡鳴叫。[Sichuanese,trad.]
     吱吱吱，一匹耗子在什么暗角里鸣叫。[Sichuanese,simp.]

     From:1974,克非 (Kefei),春潮急

     Squeak squeak squeak, a mouse is squeaking in some dark corner.

3. horsepower

   • 張女士投訴稱，因為家裡一台一匹分體空調不製冷，以為是雪種不夠了，就花了100元加雪種，但是兩天之後又不製冷了。[MSC,trad.]
     张女士投诉称，因为家里一台一匹分体空调不制冷，以为是雪种不够了，就花了100元加雪种，但是两天之后又不制冷了。[MSC,simp.]

     From:2007 August 3,空调加雪种陷阱面面观, in南方都市报

     Zhāng nǚshì tóusù chēng, yīnwèi jiālǐ yī tái yīpǐ fēntǐ kōngdiào bù zhìlěng, yǐwèi shì xuězhǒng bùgòu le, jiù huā le 100 yuán jiā xuězhǒng, dànshì liǎng tiān zhīhòu yòu bù zhìlěng le.[Pinyin]

     Ms. Zhang filed a complaint, saying that because her house's one-horsepower split air conditioner was not blowing cold air, she thought there were not enough freons. She spent 100 yuan to add freons, but two days later it was not blowing cold air again.

4. BTU(energy unit)

Borrowed fromThaiบาท(bàat,“baht”).

匹

1. (Cantonese)baht; aThai unit ofcurrency

   五百匹[Cantonese]  ― ng⁵ baak³pat¹[Jyutping]  ―  five hundredbaht

• 銖／铢 (zhū)

匹

1. Used in transcription.

• “匹”, in漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2],香港中文大學 (theChinese University of Hong Kong),2014–
• 李如龙[Li, Ru-long];刘福铸[Liu, Fu-zhu];吴华英[Wu, Hua-ying];黄国城[Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “匹”, in莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min),Xiamen University Press,→ISBN, page231.

(Jōyō kanji)

• Go-on:ひち(hichi)
• Kan-on:ひつ(hitsu,Jōyō)
• Kun:ひき(hiki,匹,Jōyō)、たぐい(tagui)、たぐう(taguu,匹う)

The originalhichi reading evolved intohiki by association with引(ひ)き(hiki,“pulling”), from the way that an animal's leash is pulled.(Canthis⁽⁺⁾ etymology besourced?)

• (Tokyo)ひき[hìkíꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [çikʲi]

匹(ひき)• (-hiki) 

1. smallanimals

   犬(いぬ)が一(いっ)匹(ぴき)います。

   Inu gaippiki imasu.

   There isone dog.

   猫(ねこ)三(さん)匹(びき)を飼(か)っています。

   Nekosanbiki o katte imasu.

   I havethree cats.

   • 1984 February 20 [1983 June 15],Motoka Murakami, “気(き)になる新(しん)任(にん)先(せん)生(せい)の巻(まき) [A Little Worried about the New Teacher]”, in六(ム)三(サ)四(シ)の剣(けん) [Musashi’s Sword], 4th edition, volume10 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan,→ISBN, page147:

     先(せん)生(せい)　いたべ⁉

     Sensei ita be⁉

     Are they in there, Sensei!?

     おう！いたぞ。まっ白(しろ)いメス犬(いぬ)がお産(さん)のまっさいちゅうだ。２(に)～３(さん)匹(びき)うまれてるが、まだあと３(さん)匹(びき)ぐらいはうまれるな。

     Ō! Ita zo. Masshiroi mesuinu ga o-san no massaichū da. Ni~sanbiki umareteru ga, mada ato sanbiki gurai wa umareru na.

     Yeah! There’s a white dog giving birth in there. 2 or 3 pups have come out but there’s probably 3 more to come.

     白(しろ)いメス犬(いぬ)⁉ひょっとすると…⁉ほら六(ム)三(サ)四(シ)、前(まえ)に十(と)一(いち)さよく白(しろ)いノラ犬(いぬ)といっしょにあそんでいたでしょう。

     Shiroi mesuinu⁉ Hyotto suru to…⁉ Hora Musashi, mae ni Toichi sa yoku shiroi norainu to issho ni asonde ita deshō.

     A white dog!? Could it be…!? Hey Musashi, you remember Toichi used to go stay with a white stray dog a while back?

     うん‼

     Un‼

     Yeah!!

     きっと十(と)一(いち)の子(こ)よ‼十(と)一(いち)とあの白(しろ)い犬(いぬ)との赤(あか)ちゃんよ！

     Kitto Toichi no ko yo‼ Toichi to ano shiroi inu to no aka-chan yo!

     These must be Toichi’s puppies!! They’re Toichi and that white dog’s babies!

   • 2010 March 17 [2010 July 5],Hajime Isayama, “その日(ひ) [That Day]”, in進撃の巨人 [Attack on Titan], 4th edition, volume 1, Tokyo: Kodansha,→ISBN, pages86–87:

     駆(く)逐(ちく)してやる‼この世(よ)から…一(いっ)匹(ぴき)…残(のこ)らず‼

     Kuchikushite yaru‼ Kono yo kara…ippiki… nokorazu‼

     I will wipe them out!! Every single one... of those pests... off the face of the earth!!

2. rolls ofcloth
3. (historical) numbers of銭(せん)(sen)

• Depending on the preceding word,-hiki may change viarendaku to become-biki or-piki.

• The counter for larger animals, such aslivestock, is usually頭(tō, literally“head”).

• 疋

• “匹”, in漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[3] (in Japanese),The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation,2015–2025
• Kitahara, Yasuo, editor (2002),明鏡国語辞典 [Meikyō Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), First edition,Tokyo:Taishūkan Shoten,→ISBN

匹• (pil, mok) (hangeul필,목,revised pil, mok,McCune–Reischauer p'il, mok)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out andadd a translation, then remove the text{{rfdef}}.

匹:Hán Nôm readings:thất,sất,sơ,sớt,sứt,thớt

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out andadd a translation, then remove the text{{rfdef}}.

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