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再 (Kangxi radical 13,冂+4, 6 strokes,cangjie input一土月 (MGB),four-corner10447,composition⿱一冉)
| trad. | 再/𠕅/𠕂 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 再 | |
| Historical forms of the character再 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan) | Liushutong (compiled inMing) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
 |  |  |  |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 一 + 冓(“the shape of a basket repeatedly woven from bamboo”). It signifies the concept of repeating something that was once done, conveying the meaning of "again."[1]
Cognate with載 (OC*ʔslɯːʔ, “year”),茲 (OC*ʔsɯ, “year”),薦 (OC*ʔseːns, “repeatedly”),洊 (OC*zlɯːns, “again; repeatedly”),荐 (OC*zlɯːns, “repeatedly”) (Schuessler, 2007).
| Variety | Location | 再 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡sai⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /t͡sai⁵³/ /t͡sai²⁴/～見 | |
| Tianjin | /tai⁵³/ /t͡sai⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /t͡sɛ²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /t͡sɛ²¹³/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /t͡sai³¹²/ | |
| Xi'an | /t͡sai⁴⁴/ | |
| Xining | /t͡sɛ²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /t͡sɛ¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /t͡sɛ¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /t͡sai²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡sai³⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /t͡sai¹³/ | |
| Guiyang | /t͡sai²¹³/ | |
| Kunming | /t͡sæ²¹²/ | |
| Nanjing | /t͡sae⁴⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /t͡se̞⁵³/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sai⁴⁵/ |
| Pingyao | /t͡sæ³⁵/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡sɛ⁵⁵/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡se³⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /t͡se̞⁵¹/ | |
| Hangzhou | /t͡se̞⁴⁴⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /t͡se⁴²/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡sɛ³²⁴/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡sə²⁴/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sai⁵⁵/ |
| Xiangtan | /t͡sai⁵⁵/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sai⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sai⁵³/ |
| Taoyuan | /t͡sɑi⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sɔi²³/ |
| Nanning | /t͡sɔi³³/ | |
| Hong Kong | /t͡sɔi¹³/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡sai²¹/ |
| Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡sɑi²¹²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡suɛ³³/ | |
| Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡sai²¹³/ | |
| Haikou (Hainanese) | /t͡sai³⁵/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 再 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 咍 (41) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 作代切 |
| Baxter | tsojH |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sʌiH/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡səiH/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sɒiH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡səjH/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sᴀiH/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sɒiH/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡sɑ̆iH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zài |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zoi3 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 再 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zài |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsojH › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ts]ˁə(ʔ)-s/ |
| English | twice; a second time |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 再 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16511 |
| Phonetic component | 再 |
| Rime group | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 載 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsɯːs/ |
再
In Old Chinese,再 (OC*ʔsɯːs) strictly meant "twice" and not "again". The "second time" sense developed around theTang dynasty.
再 (zài) is used for something that has not happened, while又 (yòu) is used for something that already happened.
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal(Written Standard Chinese) | 再 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 再 |
| Taiwan | 再 | |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 再 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 再 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 又,再 |
| Wuhan | 再 | |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 再 |
| Hefei | 再 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 再,添 > |
| Hong Kong | 再,添 > | |
| Yangjiang | 應 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 再,湊 > |
| Hakka | Meixian | 再,添 > |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 再 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 再,唵 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 再,蓋,介 |
| Fuqing | 介 | |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 閣,閣再 |
| Quanzhou | 閣,閣再 | |
| Zhangzhou | 閣,閣再 | |
| Tainan | 閣,閣再 | |
| Singapore(Hokkien) | 閣,閣再 | |
| Manila(Hokkien) | 閣,閣再,過再,閣過再 | |
| Chaozhou | 再 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 又,再 |
| Suzhou | 再 | |
| Wenzhou | 再,添 > | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 再 |
| Shuangfeng | 再,還 | |
| Note | > - used after the object | |
FromMiddle Chinese再 (MC tsojH). Recorded asMiddle Koreanᄌᆡ(coy) (Yale:coy) inSinjeung Yuhap(新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
再 (eumhun두재(du jae))
再 (eumhun다시재(dasi jae))
再:Hán Việt readings:tái[1][2][3][4][5][6]
再:Nôm readings:tái[1][2][3],táy[3][7],tải