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六

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:大,穴,冘,and宂

六	U+516D,六 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-516D

←公
[U+516C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

兮 →
[U+516E]

㈥	U+3225,㈥ PARENTHESIZED IDEOGRAPH SIX

←㈤
[U+3224]

Enclosed CJK Letters and Months

㈦ →
[U+3226]

㊅	U+3285,㊅ CIRCLED IDEOGRAPH SIX

←㊄
[U+3284]

Enclosed CJK Letters and Months

㊆ →
[U+3286]

六	U+F9D1,六 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9D1

←類
[U+F9D0]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

戮 →
[U+F9D2]

Wikimedia Commons has media about:

六

Translingual

[edit]

Stroke order

Kangxi Dictionary:page 127, character 1
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1453
Dae Jaweon: page 280, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 241, character 9
Unihan data for U+516D

Unihan data for U+F9D1

Chinese

[edit]

Glyph origin

[edit]

Historical forms of the character六
Shang		Western Zhou	Warring States			Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)	Liushutong (compiled inMing)
Bronze inscriptions	Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Oracle bone script j29782 j29783 j29784 j29785 j29786 j29787 j29788 j29789 j29790 j29791 j29792 j29793 j29794 j29795 j29796 j29797 j29798 j29799 j29800 j29801 j29802 j29803 j29804 j29805 j29806 j29807 j29808 j29809 j29810 j29811 Bronze inscriptions b19884 b19885 b19886 b19887 b19888 b19889 b19890 b19891 b19892 b19893 b19894 b19895 b19896 b19897 b19898 b19899 b19900 b19901 b19902 b19903 b19904 b19905 b19906 b19907 b19908 Small seal script s10921 Transcribed ancient scripts L37442 L37443 L37444 L25250 L25251 L25252 L25253
References: Mostly from Richard Sears'Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the samephonetic series (六)(Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
六	*ruɡ
圥	*ruɡ

Pictogram (象形) – perhaps a shed. Originally using the similar-sounding word廬 (OC*ra, “shed, cabin”) to represent the concept “six” (Liu Xinglong). Alternatively, it may be an ancient counting symbol.

Etymology 1

[edit]

simp. andtrad.		六
alternative forms		陸／陆financial 𠫪

FromProto-Sino-Tibetan*d-k-ruk(“six”).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin):liù,lù (liu⁴,lu⁴)
(Zhuyin):ㄌㄧㄡˋ, ㄌㄨˋ
(Chengdu,Sichuanese Pinyin):nu² / niu²
(Xi'an,Guanzhong Pinyin):liǔ
(Nanjing,Nanjing Pinyin):lůq
(Dungan,Cyrillic andWiktionary):лю (li͡u, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong,Jyutping):luk⁶
(Dongguan,Jyutping++):nguk⁸
(Taishan,Wiktionary):luuk⁵
(Yangjiang,Jyutping++):luk⁶
Gan(Wiktionary):liuh⁶ / liuh⁷
Hakka
(Sixian,PFS):liuk
(Hailu,HRS):liug
(Meixian,Guangdong):liug⁵
Jin(Wiktionary):liou³ / lueh⁴
Northern Min(KCR):lṳ̀
Eastern Min(BUC):lĕ̤k
Puxian Min(Pouseng Ping'ing):lah⁷ / loeh⁷ / lyoeh⁷
Southern Min
(Hokkien,POJ):la̍k /lio̍k
(Teochew,Peng'im):lag⁸
(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin):lag⁸ / log⁴
Southern Pinghua(Nanning,Jyutping++):loek⁵
Wu(Wugniu)
- (Northern):⁸loq /²lou
- (Jinhua):⁸loq
Xiang
(Changsha,Wiktionary):lou⁶
(Loudi,Wiktionary):lu⁴
(Hengyang,Wiktionary):liu²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:liù
  - Zhuyin:ㄌㄧㄡˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:liòu
  - Wade–Giles:liu⁴
  - Yale:lyòu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:liow
  - Palladius:лю(lju)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/li̯oʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:lù
  - Zhuyin:ㄌㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:lù
  - Wade–Giles:lu⁴
  - Yale:lù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:luh
  - Palladius:лу(lu)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/lu⁵¹/

Note:

liù - usual pronunciation;
lù - variant pronunciation preserved in some words (六安,六合,身懷六甲,麻六甲).

(Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin:nu² / niu²
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz:lu / liu
- SinologicalIPA^(key):/nu²¹/, /niəu²¹/
(Xi'an)
- Guanzhong Pinyin:liǔ
- SinologicalIPA^(key):/liɤu²¹/
(Nanjing)
- Nanjing Pinyin:lůq
- Nanjing Pinyin (numbered):luq⁵
- SinologicalIPA^(key):/luʔ⁵/
(Dungan)
- Cyrillic andWiktionary:лю (li͡u, I)
- SinologicalIPA^(key):/liou²⁴/
(Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:luk⁶
  - Yale:luhk
  - Cantonese Pinyin:luk⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization:lug⁶
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/lʊk̚²/
- (Dongguan,Guancheng)
  - Jyutping++:nguk⁸
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ŋʊk̚²²/
- (Taishanese,Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary:luuk⁵
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/lɵk̚³²/
- (Yangjiang Yue,Jiangcheng)
  - Jyutping++:luk⁶
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/lʊk̚⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary:liuh⁶ / liuh⁷
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/liuʔ⁵/, /liuʔ²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl.Miaoli andNeipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:liuk
  - Hakka Romanization System:liug^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim:liug⁵
  - SinologicalIPA:/li̯uk̚²/
- (Hailu, incl.Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System:liug
  - SinologicalIPA:/liuk⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong:liug⁵
  - SinologicalIPA:/liʊk̚¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary:liou³ / lueh⁴
  - SinologicalIPA (old-style):/liəu⁴⁵/, /luəʔ²/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized:lṳ̀
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ly⁴²/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê:lĕ̤k
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/l̃øyʔ⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian,Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:lah⁷
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍:la̍h
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/laʔ⁴/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:loeh⁷
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍:le̤̍h
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/lœʔ⁴/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:lyoeh⁷
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/lyøʔ⁴/

Note:

lah7 - vernacular;
loeh7/lyoeh7 - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:la̍k /lio̍k
  - Tâi-lô:la̍k / lio̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun:lak, liok
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen):/lak̚⁴/,/liɔk̚⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Quanzhou):/lak̚²⁴/,/liɔk̚²⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Zhangzhou):/lak̚¹²¹/,/liɔk̚¹²¹/
  - SinologicalIPA (Taipei):/lak̚⁴/,/liɔk̚⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Kaohsiung):/lak̚⁴/,/liɔk̚⁴/

Note:

la̍k - vernacular;
lio̍k - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im:lag⁸
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:la̍k
- SinologicalIPA^(key):/lak̚⁴/
(Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin:lag⁸ / log⁴
- SinologicalIPA:/lak̚²/, /lɔk̚⁵/

Note:

lag8 - vernacular;
log4 - literary.

Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua,Tingzi)
  - Jyutping++:loek⁵
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/løk̚²⁴/
Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai,Jiading,Songjiang,Chongming,Chuansha,Suzhou,Kunshan,Yixing,Changzhou,Jingjiang,Jiaxing,Tongxiang,Haining,Haiyan,Deqing,Hangzhou,Xiaoshan,Shaoxing,Cixi,Ningbo,Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu:⁸loq
  - MiniDict:loh^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):⁵loq
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/loʔ¹²/
  - SinologicalIPA (Jiading):/loʔ¹²/
  - SinologicalIPA (Songjiang):/loʔ²²/
  - SinologicalIPA (Chongming):/ɦloʔ²/
  - SinologicalIPA (Chuansha):/loʔ²³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Suzhou):/loʔ²³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Kunshan):/loʔ²³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Yixing):/loʔ³³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Changzhou):/loʔ²³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Jingjiang):/lɔʔ²³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Jiaxing):/loʔ²²/
  - SinologicalIPA (Tongxiang):/loʔ²²/
  - SinologicalIPA (Haining):/loʔ²²/
  - SinologicalIPA (Haiyan):/loʔ²²/
  - SinologicalIPA (Deqing):/loʔ³³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Hangzhou):/loʔ²³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiaoshan):/loʔ²²/
  - SinologicalIPA (Shaoxing):/loʔ²³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Cixi):/loʔ³¹/
  - SinologicalIPA (Ningbo):/loʔ¹²/
  - SinologicalIPA (Zhoushan):/loʔ¹²/
- (Northern:Ningbo)
  - Wugniu:²lou
  - MiniDict:lou^平
  - SinologicalIPA (Ningbo):/ləu³¹³/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu:⁸loq
  - SinologicalIPA (Jinhua):/loʔ²¹²/

Note:²lou (Ningbo) - only used in活逼四六.

Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary:lou⁶
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ləu̯²⁴/
- (Loudi)
  - Wiktionary:lu⁴
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/lɤu̯³⁵/
- (Hengyang)
  - Wiktionary:liu²
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/li̯u¹¹/

Middle Chinese:ljuwk

Rime
Character	六
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	力竹切
Baxter	ljuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/liuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/liuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/luwk̚/
Li Rong	/liuk̚/
Wang Li	/lĭuk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/li̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	luk⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart):/*k.ruk/
(Zhengzhang):/*ruɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	六
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	liù
Middle Chinese	‹ ljuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*k.ruk/
English	six
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	六
Reading #	1/1
No.	8341
Phonetic component	六
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	六
Old Chinese	/*ruɡ/

Definitions

[edit]

六

six
六城 ― liù chéng ― Six Cities (a literal translation ofAltishahr, an ancient name for the regionXinjiang/East Turkestan)
(printing)small text; Thesize oftype between小五 (xiǎowǔ, “little 5”) and小六 (xiǎoliù, “little 6”),standardized as 7½point.
(dialectal)proficient
(neologism, Internet slang)awesome;excellent;remarkable
asurname (pronounced Lù)
name of an ancient state (pronounced Lù), also found in placenames (e.g.,六安 (Lù'ān)Lu'an,Anhui,China)

Chinese numbers
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	10²	10³	10⁴	10⁶	10⁸	10¹²
Normal (小寫 /小写)	〇,零,空	一,蜀	二,兩 /两	三	四	五	六	七	八	九	十	百	千	萬 /万, 十千(Malaysia, Singapore)	百萬 /百万, 桶(Philippines), 面桶(Philippines)	億 /亿	兆(Taiwan) 萬億 /万亿(Mainland China)
Financial (大寫 /大写)	零	壹	貳 /贰	參 /叁	肆	伍	陸 /陆	柒	捌	玖	拾	佰	仟

Compounds

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]

Sino-Xenic (六):

→ Japanese:六(ろく)(roku)
→ Korean:육/륙(六)(yuk/ryuk)
→ Vietnamese:lục(六)

Others:

→ Proto-Tai:*krokᴰ(“six”)
- Northern Tai
  - Bouyei:rogt
  - Tai Do:hốc
  - Zhuang:roek,loeg
- Central Tai
  - Tày:hốc
  - Nùng:róc
  - Nong Zhuang:choak
- Proto-Southwestern Tai:*xrokᴰ¹ˢ
  - Thai:หก(hòk)
  - Northern Thai:ᩉᩫ᩠ᨠ
  - Lao:ຫົກ(hok)
  - Lü:ᦷᦠᧅ(ḣok)
  - Tai Dam:ꪶꪬꪀ
  - Shan:ႁူၵ်း(húuk)
  - Tai Nüa:ᥞᥨᥐᥱ(hǒk)
  - Aiton:ꩭုက်(huk)
  - Phake:ꩭုက်(huk)
  - Ahom:𑜍𑜤𑜀𑜫(ruk)

Etymology 2

[edit]

simp. andtrad.		六

Pronunciation

[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin):liù (liu⁴)
(Zhuyin):ㄌㄧㄡˋ
Cantonese(Jyutping):liu¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:liù
  - Zhuyin:ㄌㄧㄡˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:liòu
  - Wade–Giles:liu⁴
  - Yale:lyòu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:liow
  - Palladius:лю(lju)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/li̯oʊ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:liu¹
  - Yale:līu
  - Cantonese Pinyin:liu¹
  - Guangdong Romanization:liu¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/liːu̯⁵⁵/

Definitions

[edit]

六

(music)Kunqu gongche notation for thenote sol (5).
(music)Cantonese opera gongche notation for thenote sol (5).

Derived terms

[edit]

𠆾(liù)
𢓌(liù)

References

[edit]

“六”, in漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1],香港中文大學 (theChinese University of Hong Kong),2014–
Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00286
“六”, in教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien),Ministry of Education, R.O.C.,2025.

Japanese

[edit]

**Japanese cardinal numbers**
< 5	6	7 >
Cardinal :六

Kanji

[edit]

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 六

六

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

[edit]

Go-on:ろく(roku,Jōyō)
Kan-on:りく(riku)
Tō-on:りゅう(ryū)^{←りう(riu,historical)}
Kun:む(mu,六,Jōyō)、むい(mui,六,Jōyō^†)、むつ(mutsu,六つ,Jōyō)、むっつ(muttsu,六つ,Jōyō)
Nanori:く(ku)、むつ(mutsu)

Compounds

[edit]

十六夜(いざよい)(izayoi): thesixteenth night of everymonth
九(くん)六(ろく)(kunroku):
四(し)分(ぶ)六(ろく)(shiburoku):
甚(じん)六(ろく)(jinroku):
双(すご)六(ろく)(sugoroku):
宿(やど)六(ろく)(yadoroku):
六(りっ)花(か)(rikka):
六(ろっ)角(かく)(rokkaku): hexagon
六(ろっ)感(かん)(rokkan):
六(ろっ)穴(けつ)(rokketsu): thesix holes of the human body, which are themouth,eyes,ears,nose,anus, andgenitals
表(ひょう)六(ろく)玉(だま)(hyōrokudama):
一(いち)六(ろく)銀(ぎん)行(こう)(ichirokuginkō):
三(さん)十(じゅう)六(ろっ)計(けい)(sanjūrokkei):
六(ろく)月(がつ)(rokugatsu): June
六(ろく)号(ごう)記(き)事(じ)(rokugōkiji):
六(りく)合(ごう)(rikugō):
六(ろっ)根(こん)清(しょう)浄(じょう)(rokkonshōjō):
六(ろく)三(さん)制(せい)(rokusansei):
四(し)六(ろく)時(じ)中(ちゅう)(shirokujichū):
二(に)六(ろく)時(じ)中(ちゅう)(nirokujichū):
六(ろく)識(しき)(rokushiki):
六(ろく)尺(しゃく)(rokushaku):
六(りく)書(しょ)(rikusho):
一(いち)六(ろく)勝(しょう)負(ぶ)(ichirokushōbu):
六(ろく)情(じょう)(rokujō):
六(ろく)親(しん)(rokushin):
南(なん)斗(と)六(ろく)星(せい)(nantorokusei):
六(ろく)大(だい)州(しゅう)(rokudaishū): the six continents
六(ろく)道(どう)(rokudō):
六(むい)日(か)(muika): sixth day of the month
六(ろく)波(は)羅(ら)蜜(みつ)(rokuharamitsu):
六(ろく)部(ぶ)(rokubu):
六(ろく)辺(へん)形(げい)(rokuhengei): hexagon
六(ろっ)分(ぷん)(roppun):
六(ろっ)方(ぽう)(roppō):
六(ろっ)法(ぽう)全(ぜん)書(しょ)(roppōzensho):
六(ろっ)本(ぽん)(roppon):
六(ろく)面(めん)体(たい)(rokumentai):
六(ろく)曜(よう)(rokuyō):
六(ろく)連(ねん)星(せい)(rokunensei):
六(ろく)連(ねん)発(ぱつ)(rokunenpatsu):
六(ろっ)腑(ぷ)(roppu):
三(さん)面(めん)六(ろっ)臂(ぴ)(sanmenroppi):
八(はち)面(めん)六(ろっ)臂(ぴ)(hachimenroppi):
六(りく)韜(とう)三(さん)略(りゃく)(rikutōsanryaku):

Etymology 1

[edit]

Kanji in this term
六
む Grade: 1
kun'yomi

The ablaut form of三(mi,“three”), which it doubles. FromOld Japanese六(mu), fromProto-Japonic*mu.

Pronunciation

[edit]

(Tokyo)む[múꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [mɯ̟]

Noun

[edit]

六(む)• (mu)

Derived terms

[edit]

六(むっ)つ(muttsu)

Etymology 2

[edit]

Kanji in this term
六
ろく Grade: 1
goon

Alternative spelling
陸("used, in law, contexts")

FromMiddle Chinese六 (MC ljuwk). Compare modernCantonese六(luk⁶), literaryHokkien六(lio̍k).

Pronunciation

[edit]

(Tokyo)ろく[ròkúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɾo̞kɯ̟]

(Tokyo) Note: Generally, words that areOdaka becomeflat withの (の-particle deaccenting). However, the word六 does not become deaccented withの and is still pronounced as:

Noun

[edit]

六(ろく)• (roku)

six
thesixth hole of awind instrument

Coordinate terms

[edit]

v • d • e Japanese numbers
Number	Kanji	Kana	Romaji
0	零	れい、ゼロ	rei, zero
1	一、壱、弌、壹	いち	ichi
2	二、弐、貳、貮	に	ni
3	三、参、參	さん	san
4	四、肆	よん、し	yon, shi
5	五、伍	ご	go
6	六、陸	ろく	roku
7	七、漆	なな、しち	nana, shichi
8	八、捌	はち	hachi
9	九、玖	きゅう、く	kyū, ku
10	十、拾	じゅう	jū
100	百、陌、佰	ひゃく	hyaku
1,000	千、阡、仟	せん	sen
10,000	一万、万、一萬、萬	いちまん、まん	ichiman, man
100,000,000	一億、億	いちおく、おく	ichioku, oku

References

[edit]

↑^1.0^1.1Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006),大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition,Tokyo:Sanseidō,→ISBN

Korean

[edit]

**Korean numbers^(edit)**
	60
← 5	6	7 →
Nativeisol.:여섯(yeoseot) Nativeattr.:여섯(yeoseot),(archaic)엿(yeot) Sino-Korean:육(yuk),륙(ryuk) Hanja:六 Ordinal:여섯째(yeoseotjjae)

Etymology

[edit]

FromMiddle Chinese六 (MC ljuwk).

Historical readings
Dongguk Jeongun reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	륙〮 (Yale:lyúk)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
Text	*Gloss (hun)*	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527^[2]	여슷〮 (Yale:yèsús)	륙〮 (Yale:lyúk)