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光

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:灮

光	U+5149,光 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5149

←先
[U+5148]

CJK Unified Ideographs

兊 →
[U+514A]

Translingual

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

Stroke order

光 (Kangxi radical 10,儿+4, 6 strokes,cangjie input火一山 (FMU),four-corner9021₁,composition⿱⺌兀)

Derived characters

[edit]

侊,垙,挄,咣,洸,恍,姯,㹰,珖,桄,晄,胱,㿠,硄,絖,輄 (𨐈),觥,靗,銧,皝,駫,䯑
尡,䆪,韑,輝 (辉),黋,㒯,耀,兤,茪,晃,䨔,㘢

Additional Derived Characters

References

[edit]

Kangxi Dictionary:page 124, character 6
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1350
Dae Jaweon: page 262, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 266, character 7
Unihan data for U+5149

Chinese

[edit]

simp. andtrad.		光
alternative forms		灮㶢炗炚炛灮㶢炗炚炛烡茪𰰬𰭧㫕𣅏𠈑𤈈𤉭𤈛𰝼𰟎𤎫𤐥𤑋

ChineseWikipedia has an article on:

光

Wikipedia^zh

Glyph origin

[edit]

Historical forms of the character光
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)	Liushutong (compiled inMing)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Oracle bone script j23048 j23049 j23050 j23051 j23052 j23053 j23054 j23055 j23056 j23057 j23058 j23059 j23060 j23061 j23062 Bronze inscriptions b14861 b14862 b14863 b14864 b14865 b14866 b14867 b14868 b14869 b14870 b14871 b14872 b14873 b14874 b14875 b14876 b14877 b14878 b14879 b14880 b14881 b14882 Small seal script s07367 Transcribed ancient scripts L32956 L32957 L32958 L32959 L32960 L32961 L32962 L10093 L10094 L10095 L10096 L10097 L10098 L10099 L10100 L10101 L10102 L10103 L10104 L10105 L10106 L10107 L10108 L10109 L10110 L10111 L10112 L10113
References: Mostly from Richard Sears'Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the samephonetic series (光)(Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
光	kʷaːŋ, kʷaːŋs
灮	*kʷaːŋ
洸	kʷaːŋ, qʷaːŋ
桄	kʷaːŋ, kʷaːŋs
胱	*kʷaːŋ
垙	*kʷaːŋ
輄	*kʷaːŋ
恍	kʷaːŋ, qʰʷaːŋʔ
茪	*kʷaːŋ
侊	kʷaːŋ, kʷraːŋ
晃	*ɡʷaːŋʔ
幌	*ɡʷaːŋʔ
榥	*ɡʷaːŋʔ
滉	*ɡʷaːŋʔ
觥	*kʷraːŋ
駫	*kʷeːŋ

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 火(“fire”) + 卩(“kneeling person”) – fire over a person'shead, emphasizing the shining of light (Shuowen).

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Sino-Tibetan*hwaŋ(“shine;bright;yellow”). Cognate with黃 (OC*ɡʷaːŋ, “yellow”),曠 (OC*kʰʷaːŋs, “bright;well-lit”),Burmeseဝင်း(wang:,“bright”).

Pronunciation 1

[edit]

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin):guāng,guǎng (guang¹,guang³)
(Zhuyin):ㄍㄨㄤ, ㄍㄨㄤˇ
(Chengdu,Sichuanese Pinyin):guang¹
(Nanjing,Nanjing Pinyin):guàn
(Dungan,Cyrillic andWiktionary):гуон (guon, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong,Jyutping):gwong¹
(Dongguan,Jyutping++):gwong¹
(Taishan,Wiktionary):gong¹
(Yangjiang,Jyutping++):gong¹
Gan(Wiktionary):guong¹
Hakka
(Sixian,PFS):kông
(Hailu,HRS):gong^ˋ
(Meixian,Guangdong):guong¹
(Changting, Changting Pinyin):gông¹
Jin(Wiktionary):guon¹
Northern Min(KCR):guáng
Eastern Min(BUC):guŏng
Puxian Min(Pouseng Ping'ing):gung¹ / gng¹ / gorng¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien,POJ):kng /kuiⁿ /kong /koang
(Teochew,Peng'im):geng¹ / guang¹
(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin):guang¹ / gui¹
Southern Pinghua(Nanning,Jyutping++):gung¹
Wu(Northern,Wugniu):¹kuaon /¹kuan
Xiang
(Changsha,Wiktionary):guan¹
(Loudi,Wiktionary):gong¹
(Hengyang,Wiktionary):guan¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese;Beijing dialect)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:guāng
  - Zhuyin:ㄍㄨㄤ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:guang
  - Wade–Giles:kuang¹
  - Yale:gwāng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:guang
  - Palladius:гуан(guan)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/
- (Beijing dialect)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:guǎng
  - Zhuyin:ㄍㄨㄤˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:guǎng
  - Wade–Giles:kuang³
  - Yale:gwǎng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:goang
  - Palladius:гуан(guan)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴/

Note: guǎng - "only".

- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin:guang¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz:guong
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kuaŋ⁵⁵/
- (Nanjing)
  - Nanjing Pinyin:guàn
  - Nanjing Pinyin (numbered):guan¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kuã³¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic andWiktionary:гуон (guon, I)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kuɑŋ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:gwong¹
  - Yale:gwōng
  - Cantonese Pinyin:gwong¹
  - Guangdong Romanization:guong¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/
- (Dongguan,Guancheng)
  - Jyutping++:gwong¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kʷɔŋ²¹³/
- (Taishanese,Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary:gong¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kɔŋ³³/
- (Yangjiang Yue,Jiangcheng)
  - Jyutping++:gong¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kɔŋ³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary:guong¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kuɔŋ⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl.Miaoli andNeipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:kông
  - Hakka Romanization System:gong^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim:gong¹
  - SinologicalIPA:/koŋ²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl.Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System:gong^ˋ
  - SinologicalIPA:/koŋ⁵³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong:guong¹
  - SinologicalIPA:/kuɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Changting)
  - Changting Pinyin:gông¹
  - SinologicalIPA:/kɔŋ³³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary:guon¹
  - SinologicalIPA (old-style):/kuɒ̃¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized:guáng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kuaŋ⁵⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê:guŏng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kuoŋ⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:gung¹
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍:gng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kuŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:gng¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kŋ̍⁵⁴⁴/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:gorng¹
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍:go̤ng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kɒŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:gorng¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kɒŋ⁵⁴⁴/

Note:

gung1/gng1 - vernacular;
gorng1 - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Quanzhou,Jinjiang,Nan'an,Hui'an,Yongchun,Anxi,Taipei,Kaohsiung,Tainan,Lukang,Sanxia,Kinmen,Magong,Hsinchu,Taichung,Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:kng
  - Tâi-lô:kng
  - Phofsit Daibuun:kngf
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Yongchun,Anxi,Taipei,Kaohsiung,Tainan,Kinmen):/kŋ̍⁴⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Quanzhou,Jinjiang,Nan'an,Hui'an,Lukang,Philippines):/kŋ̍³³/
- (Hokkien:Zhangzhou,Zhangpu,Yilan,Penang,Longyan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:kuiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô:kuinn
  - Phofsit Daibuun:kvuy
  - SinologicalIPA (Penang):/kuĩ³³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Zhangpu):/kuĩ⁵⁵/
  - SinologicalIPA (Zhangzhou,Yilan):/kuĩ⁴⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Longyan):/kuĩ³³⁴/
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Quanzhou,Zhangzhou,Jinjiang,Nan'an,Hui'an,Yongchun,Anxi,Zhangpu,GeneralTaiwanese,Philippines,Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:kong
  - Tâi-lô:kong
  - Phofsit Daibuun:kofng
  - SinologicalIPA (Quanzhou,Jinjiang,Nan'an,Hui'an,Philippines,Penang):/kɔŋ³³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Zhangzhou,Yongchun,Anxi,Taipei,Kaohsiung):/kɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - SinologicalIPA (Zhangpu):/kɔŋ⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien:Longyan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:koang
  - Tâi-lô:kuang
  - Phofsit Daibuun:koafng
  - SinologicalIPA (Longyan):/kuaŋ³³⁴/

Note:

kng/kuiⁿ - vernacular (“light; to be naked; until none is left; bright; smooth; to become bright”);
kong/koang - literary (“ray; scenery; glory; time”).

(Teochew)
- Peng'im:geng¹ / guang¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:kṳng / kuang
- SinologicalIPA^(key):/kɯŋ³³/, /kuaŋ³³/

Note:

geng1 - vernacular;
guang1 - literary.

(Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin:guang¹ / gui¹
- SinologicalIPA:/kuaŋ³⁵/, /kui³⁵/

Note:

guang1 - literary;
gui1 - vernacular.

Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua,Tingzi)
  - Jyutping++:gung¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kʊŋ⁵³/
Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai,Suzhou)
  - Wugniu:¹kuaon
  - MiniDict:kuaon^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):¹kuaan
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/kuɑ̃⁵³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Suzhou):/kuɑ̃⁴⁴/
- (Northern:Shanghai,Hangzhou)
  - Wugniu:¹kuan
  - MiniDict:kuan^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):¹kuan
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/kuã⁵³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Hangzhou):/kuæ̃³³⁴/

Note:

¹kuan - used in光火;
¹kuaon - all other senses.

Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary:guan¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ku̯an³³/
- (Loudi)
  - Wiktionary:gong¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/kɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hengyang)
  - Wiktionary:guan¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ku̯an⁴⁴⁵/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 光
Mandarin	Beijing	/kuɑŋ⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/kuaŋ⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/kuɑŋ²¹/
	Jinan	/kuaŋ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/kuaŋ²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/kuaŋ²⁴/
	Xi'an	/kuaŋ²¹/～頭 /kuaŋ²⁴/副詞
	Xining	/kuɔ̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/kuɑŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/kuɑ̃³¹/
	Ürümqi	/kuɑŋ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/kuaŋ⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/kuaŋ⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/kuaŋ⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/kuã̠⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/kuaŋ³¹/
	Hefei	/kuɑ̃²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/kuɒ̃¹¹/
	Pingyao	/kuɑŋ¹³/ /kuə¹³/～油油
	Hohhot	/kuɑ̃³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/kuɑ̃⁵³/
	Suzhou	/kuɑ̃⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/kuɑŋ³³/
	Wenzhou	/kuɔ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/ko³¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/kau¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/kuan³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/kɔn³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/kuɔŋ⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/kuoŋ⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/koŋ²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kwɔŋ⁵³/
	Nanning	/kɔŋ⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/kwɔŋ⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/kɔŋ⁵⁵/ /kŋ̍⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/kuoŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/kuaŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/kuaŋ³³/ /kɯŋ³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/kuaŋ²³/ /kue²³/

Middle Chinese:kwang

Rime
Character	光
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	唐 (102)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古黃切
Baxter	kwang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kwɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwaŋ/
Li Rong	/kuɑŋ/
Wang Li	/kuɑŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kwɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwong¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart):/*kʷˤaŋ/
(Zhengzhang):/*kʷaːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	光
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	guāng
Middle Chinese	‹ kwang ›
Old Chinese	/*kʷˁaŋ/
English	light, brightness
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	光
Reading #	1/2
No.	4506
Phonetic component	光
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*kʷaːŋ/
Notes	灮隸變

Definitions

[edit]

光

light;beam;ray(Classifier:束m; 道m)
燈光／灯光 ― dēngguāng ― lamplight
聚光燈／聚光灯 ― jùguāngdēng ― spotlight
一束光透過門縫射進來。[MSC,trad.]
一束光透过门缝射进来。[MSC,simp.]
Yī shùguāng tòuguò ménféng shè jìnlái.[Pinyin]
A beam oflight shone through the door.
1. (specifically, physics) ray(Classifier:條／条)
tomake bare; to benaked
光著腳走路／光着脚走路 ― guāngzhe jiǎo zǒulù ― to walk barefoot
我光著呢。／我光着呢。 ― Wǒguāngzhe ne. ― I'mnot decent.
褪光光[Hokkien] ― thǹg-kng-kng[Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to be naked; to be in the nude
only;alone
別光吃肉，吃點蔬菜吧。[MSC,trad.]
别光吃肉，吃点蔬菜吧。[MSC,simp.]
Biéguāng chī ròu, chī diǎn shūcài ba.[Pinyin]
Don't eat only meat. Eat some vegetables.
Particle used after verbs to show exhaustion or completion;until none isleft
賣光了／卖光了 ― màiguāng le ― completely soldout
我已經用光了所有的錢。[MSC,trad.]
我已经用光了所有的钱。[MSC,simp.]
Wǒ yǐjīng yòngguāng le suǒyǒu de qián.[Pinyin]
I've already usedup all of my money.
你毋通將錢用甲光光。[Hokkien,trad.]
你毋通将钱用甲光光。[Hokkien,simp.]
Lí m̄-thang chiong chîⁿ ēng kahkngkng.[Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
Don't completely used up the money.
scenery;sight
風光／风光 ― fēngguāng ― landscape
glory;pride;honor
臺灣之光／台湾之光 ― Táiwān zhīguāng ― thepride of Taiwan; someone who has broughtglory to Taiwan
time
光陰／光阴 ― guāngyīn ― the limited time available in a person's life
時光／时光 ― shíguāng ― the inevitable passing of events from future to present then past
bright
光明 ― guāngmíng ― bright; shining
呢度好光。[Cantonese] ― ni¹ dou⁶ hou²gwong¹.[Jyutping] ― It's very bright here.
這間房間真光。[Hokkien,trad.]
这间房间真光。[Hokkien,simp.]
Chit keng pâng-keng chinkng.[Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
This room is very bright.
brightness;luster
光澤／光泽 ― guāngzé ― luster; gloss; sheen
smooth;glossy;polished;shiny;sleek
光滑 ― guānghuá ― smooth; glossy; sleek
石頭磨甲真光。[Hokkien,trad.]
石头磨甲真光。[Hokkien,simp.]
Chio̍h-thâu bôa kah chinkng.[Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
The stone is polished smooth.
(figurative)advantage;benefit;goodness
沾光 ― zhānguāng ― to benefit from an association with someone
toadd honor to; towin honor for; toadd luster on
光宗耀祖 ― guāngzōngyàozǔ ― to bring honour to one's ancestors and clan
(literary) toglorify; tobring honor to; toexalt; tomake conspicuous
Used in polite expressions.
光臨／光临 ― guānglín ― presence (polite)
光顧／光顾 ― guānggù ― to visit; to come; to patronize
(Hokkien) tobecome bright; tobrighten
天光囉。／天光啰。[Hokkien] ― Thiankng lô.[Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― The sky has become bright.
asurname

Synonyms

[edit]

(light):

Dialectal synonyms of光 (“light”)[map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		光
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)		光
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	光,亮兒 †
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	光
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	光,亮兒 †
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	光,亮 †
Central Plains Mandarin	Sokuluk(Gansu Dungan)	光
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	光
	Wuhan	光
	Guilin	光
	Dagudi(Maliba)	光
	Reshuitang(Longling)	光
	Mae Salong(Lancang)	光
	Mae Sai(Tengchong)	光
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	光
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	光
Cantonese	Guangzhou	光
	Hong Kong	光
	Yangjiang	光
	Hepu(Lianzhou)	光
	Hepu(Shatian)	光
	Beihai	光
	Beihai(Nankang)	光
	Beihai(Yingpan)	光
	Beihai(Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	光
	Beihai(Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	光,亮
	Fangchenggang(Fangcheng)	光
	Ho Chi Minh City(Guangfu)	光
	Móng Cái	光
	Bangkok(Guangfu)	光
Gan	Nanchang	光
Hakka	Meixian	光,亮
	Shanghang	光
	Fumian(Xisha, Xinqiao)	光
	Luchuan(Sihe, Hengshan)	光
	Bobai(Cuntou, Xintian)	光
	Beiliu(Mumian, Xilang)	光
	Xingye(Gaofeng)	光
	Rongxian(Xiandi)	光
	Bangkok(Jiexi)	光
Jin	Taiyuan	光,亮 †
Northern Min	Jian'ou	光
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	光
Southern Min	Xiamen	光
	Chaozhou	光
	Shantou	光
	Jieyang	光
	Bangkok(Teochew)	光
	Chiang Mai(Teochew)	光
	Hat Yai(Teochew)	光
	Pontianak(Teochew)	光
Puxian Min	Putian	光
Wu	Suzhou	光
Wu	Wenzhou	光
Xiang	Changsha	亮,光
	Xiangxiang	光
	Shuangfeng	光
Note	† - beam or lamplight

(ray (physics)):射線／射线 (shèxiàn)
(only):(Xiang)盡／尽 (jìn)
(bright):

Dialectal synonyms of亮 (“bright”)[map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		明,亮
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)		亮,光亮
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	亮
	Taiwan	亮
	Malaysia	亮
	Singapore	亮
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	亮
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai(Muping)	亮
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	亮
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	亮
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	亮
	Wuhan	亮,光
	Guiyang	亮
	Guilin	亮
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	亮
	Yangzhou	亮
	Hefei	亮
Cantonese	Guangzhou	光
	Hong Kong	光
	Hong Kong(San Tin; Weitou)	皓
	Hong Kong(Ting Kok)	光
	Hong Kong(Tung Ping Chau)	皓
	Taishan	皓
	Kaiping(Chikan)	光
	Dongguan	光,皓
	Yangjiang	光
	Nanning	光
	Danzhou	光
	Kuala Lumpur(Guangfu)	光
Gan	Nanchang	亮
Gan	Pingxiang	光
Hakka	Meixian	光
	Xingning	光
	Huiyang	光
	Huidong(Daling)	光
	Dongguan(Qingxi)	光
	Wuhua(Huacheng)	光
	Heyuan(Bendihua)	光
	Wengyuan	光
	Shaoguan(Qujiang)	光
	Lianshan(Xiaosanjiang)	光
	Liannan	光
	Jiexi	光
	Zhao'an(Xiuzhuan)	光
	Changting	光
	Wuping	光
	Wuping(Yanqian)	光
	Wuping(Pingyu)	光
	Liancheng	光
	Ninghua	光
	Yudu	光
	Ningdu	光
	Ruijin	光
	Shicheng	光
	Shangyou(Shexi)	光
	Tonggu(Sandu)	光
	Ganzhou(Panlong)	光
	Dayu	光
	Miaoli(N. Sixian)	光
	Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian)	光
	Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu)	光
	Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu)	光
	Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping)	光
	Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an)	光
	Hong Kong	光
	Mengshan(Xihe)	光
	Luchuan	光
	Senai(Huiyang)	光
	Kuching(Hepo)	亮,光
Huizhou	Jixi	亮
Jin	Taiyuan	亮
Northern Min	Jian'ou	光
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	光
	Fuzhou(Changle)	光
	Fuqing	光
	Yongtai	光
	Gutian	光
	Fu'an	光
	Ningde	光
	Shouning	光
	Zhouning	光
	Fuding	光
Southern Min	Xiamen	光
	Quanzhou	光
	Zhangzhou	光
	Taipei	光
	Kaohsiung	光
	Yilan	光
	Changhua(Lukang)	光
	Taichung	光
	Taichung(Wuqi)	光
	Tainan	光
	Taitung	光
	Hsinchu	光
	Penghu(Magong)	光
	Penang(Hokkien)	光
	Manila(Hokkien)	光
	Chaozhou	光
	Shantou	光,亮
	Jieyang	光
	Bangkok(Teochew)	光
	Johor Bahru(Teochew)	光
	Leizhou	光
	Wenchang	光
	Haikou	光
Southern Pinghua	Nanning(Tingzi)	亮
Wu	Shanghai	亮
	Suzhou	亮
	Hangzhou	亮
	Wenzhou	光
Xiang	Changsha	亮,光
Xiang	Shuangfeng	亮,光

Antonyms

[edit]

(antonym(s) of“bright”):暗 (àn),黑 (hēi)

Compounds

[edit]

三光(sānguāng)
不光(bùguāng)
不光棍
不靈光 /不灵光
五光十色(wǔguāngshísè)
亮光(liàngguāng)
亮光光
亮光漆
亮光蠟 /亮光蜡
仰光(Yǎngguāng)
佛光(fóguāng)
候光
借光(jièguāng)
做光
偏光(piānguāng)
偏光鏡 /偏光镜
偏振光(piānzhènguāng)
偏極光 /偏极光
光了了
光亮(guāngliàng)
光儀 /光仪
光價 /光价
光光(guāngguāng)
充光棍
光出律
光出溜
光刀
光前裕後 /光前裕后
光化(Guānghuà)
光化作用
光化學 /光化学(guānghuàxué)
光化學煙霧 /光化学烟雾(guānghuàxué yānwù)
光反應 /光反应
光合作用(guānghé zuòyòng)
光周期
光國 /光国
光圈(guāngquān)
光圈數 /光圈数
光塌塌
光塵 /光尘
光壓 /光压(guāngyā)
光大(guāngdà)
光夫
光天化日(guāngtiānhuàrì)
光子(guāngzǐ)
光存儲器 /光存储器
光學 /光学(guāngxué)
光學纖維 /光学纤维
光宅
光宗燿祖 /光宗耀祖
光害(guānghài)
光寵 /光宠
光導管 /光导管
光導縴維 /光导纤维
光屁股
光山
光州(Guāngzhōu)
光差
光巴
光帶 /光带
光年(guāngnián)
光度(guāngdù)
光度計 /光度计
光彩(guāngcǎi)
光影(guāngyǐng)
光復 /光复(guāngfù)
光復會 /光复会
光復節 /光复节(Guāngfùjié)
光心
光怪(guāngguài)
光怪陸離 /光怪陆离(guāngguàilùlí)
光打印機 /光打印机
光打雷，不下雨
光撻撻 /光挞挞
光攝 /光摄
光啟 /光启
光敏症
光敏電阻 /光敏电阻(guāngmǐn diànzǔ)
光斑(guāngbān)
光明(guāngmíng)
光昌
光明正大(guāngmíngzhèngdà)
光明燈 /光明灯(guāngmíngdēng)
光明磊落(guāngmínglěiluò)
光昭
光景(guāngjǐng)
光暈 /光晕(guāngyùn)
光有
光朗朗
光期性
光束(guāngshù)
光板兒 /光板儿
光柱
光柵 /光栅
光桿兒 /光杆儿
光棍(guānggùn)
光棍兒 /光棍儿(guānggùnr)
光榮 /光荣(guāngróng)
光榮榜 /光荣榜(guāngróngbǎng)
光標 /光标(guāngbiāo)
光武(Guāngwǔ)
光氣 /光气(guāngqì)
光波(guāngbō)
光油油(guāngyóuyóu)
光流
光洋(guāngyáng)
光溜(guāngliu)
光源(guāngyuán)
光滑(guānghuá)
光溜溜(guāngliūliū)
光潤 /光润(guāngrùn)
光潔 /光洁(guāngjié)
光潔度 /光洁度
光澤 /光泽(guāngzé)
光火(guānghuǒ)
光烈
光焰
光照(guāngzhào)
光照度
光煙霧 /光烟雾
光熙
光燙 /光烫
光燄 /光焰
光燦 /光灿
光燦燦 /光灿灿
光燿 /光耀
光球(guāngqiú)
光環 /光环(guānghuán)
光疏媒質 /光疏媒质
光療 /光疗(guāngliáo)
光盤 /光盘(guāngpán)
光碟(guāngdié)
光碟機 /光碟机(guāngdiéjī)
光碟櫃 /光碟柜
光票
光祿 /光禄(guānglù)
光祿勳 /光禄勋(guānglùxūn)
光祿寺 /光禄寺(Guānglùsì)
光禿 /光秃
光私
光禿禿 /光秃秃(guāngtūtū)
光禿禿的 /光秃秃的
光程
光筆 /光笔(guāngbǐ)
光緒 /光绪(Guāngxù)
光綽綽 /光绰绰
光線 /光线(guāngxiàn)
光緻緻 /光致致
光纖 /光纤(guāngxiān)
光纖維 /光纤维
光纜 /光缆(guānglǎn)
光耀(guāngyào)
光耀耀
光老
光能
光脊梁
光腳 /光脚(guāngjiǎo)
光腳兒 /光脚儿
光膀子(guāngbǎngzi)
光臉 /光脸
光臨 /光临(guānglín)
光色
光芒(guāngmáng)
光苔
光華 /光华(guānghuá)
光著眼
光藝術 /光艺术
光藻
光蛋(guāngdàn)
光行差(guāngxíngchā)
光表
光裕
光覺 /光觉
光解作用
光譜 /光谱(guāngpǔ)
光譜儀 /光谱仪(guāngpǔyí)
光譜計 /光谱计
光豔 /光艳
光資訊 /光资讯
光赤
光趟
光身子
光身漢 /光身汉
光軸 /光轴(guāngzhóu)
光輪 /光轮
光輝 /光辉(guānghuī)
光輻射 /光辐射
光辣撻 /光辣挞
光速(guāngsù)
光通量
光采(guāngcǎi)
光量子
光閃閃 /光闪闪
光闌 /光阑
光降(guāngjiàng)
光陰 /光阴(guāngyīn)
光陸離 /光陆离
光電 /光电(guāngdiàn)
光電子 /光电子(guāngdiànzǐ)
光電效應 /光电效应(guāngdiàn xiàoyìng)
光電池 /光电池
光電管 /光电管(guāngdiànguǎn)
光靈 /光灵
光面(guāngmiàn)
光面兒 /光面儿
光面子
光頭 /光头(guāngtóu)
光顧 /光顾(guānggù)
光風 /光风
光風霽月 /光风霁月
光餅 /光饼(guāngbǐng)
光駕 /光驾
光驅 /光驱(guāngqū)
光鮮 /光鲜(guāngxiān)
光鹵石 /光卤石(guānglǔshí)
光麗 /光丽
光麵 /光面(guāngmiàn)
兩面光 /两面光
八面光(bāmiànguāng)
冷光(lěngguāng)
刀光
分光儀 /分光仪
分光鏡 /分光镜
剃光頭 /剃光头(tìguāngtóu)
務光 /务光
北極光 /北极光(běijíguāng)
反光(fǎnguāng)
反光板
反光鏡 /反光镜(fǎnguāngjìng)
叨光(tāoguāng)
司馬光 /司马光
向光(xiàngguāng)
同光
向光性
吃得光
含光
呂光 /吕光
呎燭光 /呎烛光
嚴光 /严光
回光鏡 /回光镜
國光 /国光(Guóguāng)
國光號 /国光号
圓光 /圆光(yuánguāng)
增光(zēngguāng)
外光派
夜光
夜光杯(yèguāngbēi)
夜光漆
夜光璧
夜光蟲 /夜光虫
夜光錶 /夜光表
夜光雲 /夜光云
天光(tiānguāng)
女光棍
娭光
孟光
孤光
容光(róngguāng)
寒光
寵光 /宠光
對光 /对光
對光兒 /对光儿
屈光度
左光斗
希光
幛光
平光(píngguāng)
年光
幻光
引光奴
弧光(húguāng)
弧光燈 /弧光灯
弧光譜 /弧光谱
徐光啟 /徐光启
恩光
感光(gǎnguāng)
感光紙 /感光纸(gǎnguāngzhǐ)
戚繼光 /戚继光
打光(dǎguāng)
打光棍(dǎ guānggùn)
打耳光(dǎ ěrguāng)
折光(zhéguāng)
拋光 /抛光(pāoguāng)
挨光
採光 /采光(cǎiguāng)
掣光
推光頭 /推光头
搖光 /摇光
摑耳光 /掴耳光(guāi'érguāng)
散光
散光眼
新光(Xīnguāng)
旋光性(xuánguāngxìng)
日光(rìguāng)
日光浴(rìguāngyù)
日光燈 /日光灯(rìguāngdēng)
明光(Míngguāng)
昌光
明月光
易玄光
星光(xīngguāng)
春光(chūnguāng)
時光 /时光(shíguāng)
晨光(chénguāng)
普光
景光
晴光
暗光鳥 /暗光鸟(àm-kong-chiáu)(Min Nan)
曙光(shǔguāng)
曝光(bàoguāng)
曝光表(bàoguāngbiǎo)
曳光彈 /曳光弹(yèguāngdàn)
月光(yuèguāng)
月光族(yuèguāngzú)
月光曲
月光花
有光紙 /有光纸
有眼光
朧光 /胧光
末光
朱光
東光 /东光(Dōngguāng)
柔光鏡 /柔光镜
極光 /极光(jíguāng)
榮光 /荣光(róngguāng)
步光
歸有光 /归有光
死光(sǐguāng)
毫光
水光(shuǐguāng)
沾光(zhānguāng)
油光(yóuguāng)
波光
流光
浮光(fúguāng)
浮光掠影(fúguānglüèyǐng)
清光
淚光 /泪光(lèiguāng)
淨光 /净光
湖光
測光表 /测光表
溜光
溜油光
漏光(lòuguāng)
激光(jīguāng)
濾光鏡 /滤光镜
火光(huǒguāng)
炎光
無光帶 /无光带(wúguāng dài)
照光
熒光屏 /荧光屏(yíngguāngpíng)
熒光燈 /荧光灯(yíngguāngdēng)
熒光粉 /荧光粉
燈光 /灯光(dēngguāng)
燐光 /磷光(línguāng)
燭光 /烛光(zhúguāng)
爭光 /争光(zhēngguāng)
玉光(Yùguāng)
瑩光 /莹光
瑤光 /瑶光(Yáoguāng)
生光
用光(yòngguāng)
畏光(wèiguāng)
發光 /发光(fāguāng)
發光器 /发光器
發光屏 /发光屏
發光度 /发光度
發光體 /发光体
白光(báiguāng)
白叨光
目光(mùguāng)
眼光(yǎnguāng)
砑光
砑光機 /砑光机
磨光(móguāng)
磷光(línguāng)
祥光
窮光蛋 /穷光蛋(qióngguāngdàn)
精光(jīngguāng)
紅光 /红光(hóngguāng)
絲光棉 /丝光棉
老光棍
耳光(ěrguāng)
聚光(jùguāng)
聚光燈 /聚光灯(jùguāngdēng)
聚光鏡 /聚光镜
聲光 /声光
背光(bèiguāng)
背光性
脫光 /脱光(tuōguāng)
臺光 /台光
色光
莒光(jǔguāng)
莒光樓 /莒光楼
華光 /华光
葛光(Gěguāng)
葆光
螢光 /萤光(yíngguāng)
螢光劑 /萤光剂
螢光幕 /萤光幕(yíngguāngmù)
螢光板 /萤光板
螢光燈 /萤光灯(yíngguāngdēng)
螢光粉 /萤光粉
螢光體 /萤光体
蟾光(chánguāng)
蠟光紙 /蜡光纸
複合光 /复合光
複色光 /复色光
見光 /见光(jiànguāng)
見光死 /见光死(jiànguāngsǐ)
觀光 /观光(guānguāng)
觀光團 /观光团(guānguāngtuán)
觀光客 /观光客(guānguāngkè)
觀光局 /观光局
觀光節 /观光节
觀光週 /观光周
調光 /调光(tiáoguāng)
謙光 /谦光
變光星 /变光星
賜光 /赐光
賞光 /赏光(shǎngguāng)
趨光性 /趋光性
輔光 /辅光
輝光 /辉光(huīguāng)
辰光(chénguāng)
逆光(nìguāng)
通光(thang-kng)(Min Nan)
透光(tòuguāng)
透光帶 /透光带(tòuguāng dài)
透光性
透光鏡 /透光镜
道光(Dàoguāng)
遮光板
遺光 /遗光
鄭光祖 /郑光祖
配光
重光(chóngguāng)
金光(jīnguāng)
金光菊(jīnguāngjú)
金光黨 /金光党(jīnguāngdǎng)
鎂光 /镁光
鎂光燈 /镁光灯(měiguāngdēng)
閃光 /闪光(shǎnguāng)
閃光燈 /闪光灯(shǎnguāngdēng)
開光 /开光(kāiguāng)
闖光棍 /闯光棍
陽光 /阳光(yángguāng)
電光 /电光(diànguāng)
電光源 /电光源
霞光(xiáguāng)
靈光 /灵光(língguāng)
青光眼(qīngguāngyǎn)
面光
韜光 /韬光(tāoguāng)
韶光
風光 /风光
飛光 /飞光
餘光 /余光
駒光 /驹光
驗光 /验光(yànguāng)
黃道光 /黄道光
龍光 /龙光

Descendants

[edit]

Sino-Xenic (光):

→ Japanese:光(こう)(kō)
→ Korean:광(光)(gwang)
→ Vietnamese:quang(光)

Pronunciation 2

[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin):guàng (guang⁴)
(Zhuyin):ㄍㄨㄤˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:guàng
  - Zhuyin:ㄍㄨㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:guàng
  - Wade–Giles:kuang⁴
  - Yale:gwàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:guanq
  - Palladius:гуан(guan)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ku̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

Middle Chinese:kwangH

Rime
Character	光
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	唐 (102)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古曠切
Baxter	kwangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kwɑŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷɑŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɑŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwaŋ^H/
Li Rong	/kuɑŋ^H/
Wang Li	/kuɑŋ^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kwɑŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwong³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang):/*kʷaːŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	光
Reading #	2/2
No.	4517
Phonetic component	光
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	桄
Old Chinese	/*kʷaːŋs/

Definitions

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光

(historical dictionaries only) tocolor