僭 (Kangxi radical 9,人+12, 14 strokes,cangjie input人一山日 (OMUA),four-corner25261,composition⿰亻朁)
- assume,usurp
- Kangxi Dictionary:page 117, character 26
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1128
- Dae Jaweon: page 249, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 218, character 5
- Unihan data for U+50ED
| Historical forms of the character僭 |
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| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan) |
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| Small seal script |
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 |
 s05830
Transcribed ancient scripts  L33723 |
References: Mostly from Richard Sears'Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: - Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
- Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
- Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
- Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
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| Old Chinese |
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| 簪 | *ʔsɯːm, *ʔsrɯm |
| 撍 | *ʔsluːm, *ʔsluːmʔ, *ʔsluːms, *ʔsrum |
| 鐕 | *ʔsluːm |
| 憯 | *sʰluːmʔ, *sʰlɯːmʔ |
| 噆 | *sʰluːmʔ, *ʔsluːb |
| 朁 | *sʰlɯːmʔ, *zlam |
| 蠶 | *zluːm |
| 蚕 | *zluːm, *hl'iːnʔ |
| 糣 | *sluːmʔ |
| 熸 | *ʔslom |
| 鬵 | *zlam, *zɯm, *ljɯm |
| 灊 | *zlam, *zɯm, *ljɯm |
| 潛 | *zlom, *zloms |
| 僭 | *ʔslɯːms |
| 兓 | *sl'ɯm |
| 嶜 | *zlum |
| 兂 | *ʔsrɯm |
| 譖 | *ʔsrums |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) |
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| Character | 僭 |
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| Reading # | 1/1 |
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Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) | jiàn |
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Middle
Chinese | ‹ tsemH › |
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Old
Chinese | /*tsˁ[i]m-s/ |
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| English | err |
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Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) |
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| Character | 僭 |
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| Reading # | 1/1 |
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| No. | 6711 |
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Phonetic
component | 兓 |
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Rime
group | 侵 |
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Rime
subdivision | 1 |
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Corresponding
MC rime | 僭 |
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Old
Chinese | /*ʔslɯːms/ |
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僭
- (literary) tousurp; tooverstep; toassume
太史公讀《秦記》，至犬戎敗幽王，周東徙洛邑，秦襄公始封為諸侯，作西畤用事上帝，僭端見矣。[Classical Chinese,trad.]
太史公读《秦记》，至犬戎败幽王，周东徙洛邑，秦襄公始封为诸侯，作西畤用事上帝，僭端见矣。[Classical Chinese,simp.]- From: TheRecords of the Grand Historian, bySima Qian,c. 91BCE
- Tàishǐgōng dú “Qínjì”, zhì Quǎnróng bài Yōuwáng, Zhōu dōng xǐ Luòyì, Qín Xiānggōng shǐ fēng wéi zhūhóu, zuò xī zhì yòng shì shàngdì,jiàn duān xiàn yǐ.[Pinyin]
- When I read the annals of Qin, I come to the time when theDog Rong defeatedKing You, the Zhou dynasty moved its capital east to Luoyang, andDuke Xiang of Qin was enfeoffed as one of the feudal lords. He established the Altar of the West, using it to sacrifice to the Lord on High. Here one can see the beginnings ofusurpation.
- (Hong Kong)short for僭建
林鄭讓步，將丁屋天台的發水玻璃屋削半，即是僭半邊冇問題，全僭就等住屋宇署來拆[Hong Kong Cantonese,trad.]
林郑让步，将丁屋天台的发水玻璃屋削半，即是僭半边冇问题，全僭就等住屋宇署来拆[Hong Kong Cantonese,simp.]- lam4 zeng6 joeng6 bou6, zoeng1 ding1 uk1 tin1 toi4-2 dik1 faat3 seoi2 bo1 lei4 uk1 soek3 bun3, zik1 si6cim5 bun3 bin1 mou5 man6 tai4, cyun4cim5 zau6 dang2 zyu6 uk1 jyu5 cyu5 loi4 caak3[Jyutping]
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
有人早已覷準銅鑼灣寸金尺地，竟偷偷封巷、霸樓梯底，連大廈外牆亦不放過，僭出「鬼舖」放租，3條街至少有15間，但不少鬼舖霸地封逃生出口，一旦火警，隨時引發大災難。[Hong Kong Cantonese,trad.]
有人早已觑准铜锣湾寸金尺地，竟偷偷封巷、霸楼梯底，连大厦外墙亦不放过，僭出「鬼铺」放租，3条街至少有15间，但不少鬼铺霸地封逃生出口，一旦火警，随时引发大灾难。[Hong Kong Cantonese,simp.]- jau5 jan4 zou2 ji5 ceoi3 zeon2 tung4 lo4 waan1 cyun3 gam1 cek3 dei6, ging2 tau1 tau1 fung1 hong6-2, baa3 lau4 tai1 dai2, lin4 daai6 haa6 ngoi6 coeng4 jik6 bat1 fong3 gwo3,cim3 ceot1 “gwai2 pou3” fong3 zou1, 3 tiu4 gaai1 zi3 siu2 jau5 15 gaan1, daan6 bat1 siu2 gwai2 pou3 baa3 dei6 fung1 tou4 sang1 ceot1 hau2, jat1 daan3 fo2 ging2, ceoi4 si4 jan5 faat3 daai6 zoi1 naan6.[Jyutping]
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
2017 August 23, “探射燈：僭建地牢遍豪宅 屋署塞責”, in東網[3]: 西貢有屋豪裝地牢，而元朗則有豪宅獨立屋僭出地牢「劏房」。[Hong Kong Cantonese,trad.]
西贡有屋豪装地牢，而元朗则有豪宅独立屋僭出地牢「㓥房」。[Hong Kong Cantonese,simp.]- sai1 gung3 jau5 uk1 hou4 zong1 dei6 lou4, ji4 jyun4 long5 zak1 jau5 hou4 zaak6-2 duk6 laap6 uk1cim5 ceot1 dei6 lou4 “tong1 fong4-2”.[Jyutping]
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
2023 September 13, “紅山半島｜豪宅愈僭愈值錢 還原後價值勢減 74號屋業主為人低調”, in香港01[4]: 有豪宅代理明言，這類豪宅向來「愈僭愈值錢」，惟在近期部門緊盯下，若需還原，樓價恐縮水。[Hong Kong Cantonese,trad.]
有豪宅代理明言，这类豪宅向来「愈僭愈值钱」，惟在近期部门紧盯下，若需还原，楼价恐缩水。[Hong Kong Cantonese,simp.]- jau5 hou4 zaak6-2 doi6 lei5 ming4 jin4, ze2 leoi6 hou4 zaak6-2 hoeng3 loi4 “jyu6cim5 jyu6 zik6 cin4-2”, wai4 zoi6 gan6 kei4 bou6 mun4 gan2 deng1 haa6, joek6 seoi1 waan4 jyun4, lau4 gaa3 hung2 suk1 seoi2.[Jyutping]
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
僭
(Hyōgai kanji)
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僭• (cham) (hangeul참,revised cham,McCune–Reischauer ch'am)
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僭:Hán Nôm readings:tiếm
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