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傑 (Kangxi radical 9,人+10in Chinese, 人+11in Japanese, 12 strokesin Chinese, 13 strokesin Japanese,cangjie input人弓手木 (ONQD),four-corner25294,composition⿰亻桀)
| trad. | 傑 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 杰* | |
| alternative forms | 桀 | |
| Historical forms of the character傑 |
|---|
 s05669 Transcribed ancient scripts  L37891  L26871  L26872  L26873  L26874 |
References: Mostly from Richard Sears'Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*ɡrad): semantic 亻(“person”) + phonetic 桀(OC*ɡrad).
Same word as桀 (OC*ɡrad) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for etymology.
| Variety | Location | 傑 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕiɛ³⁵/ |
| Harbin | /t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /t͡ɕie⁴⁵/ | |
| Jinan | /t͡ɕiə⁴²/ | |
| Qingdao | /t͡ɕiə⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/ | |
| Xining | /t͡ɕi²⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /t͡ɕie¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /t͡ɕiə⁵³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /t͡ɕiɤ⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡ɕie²¹³/ | |
| Chengdu | /t͡ɕie³¹/ | |
| Guiyang | /t͡ɕie²¹/ | |
| Kunming | /t͡ɕiɛ³¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /t͡ɕieʔ⁵/ | |
| Hefei | /t͡ɕiɐʔ⁵/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵⁴/ |
| Pingyao | /t͡ɕiʌʔ⁵³/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡ɕiaʔ⁴³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /d͡ʑiɪʔ⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /d͡ʑiəʔ³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /d͡ʑiəʔ²/ | |
| Wenzhou | /d͡ʑi²¹³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰie²²/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡ɕia⁵/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕʰie²⁴/ |
| Xiangtan | /t͡ɕʰie²⁴/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕʰiɛʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kʰiat̚⁵/ |
| Taoyuan | /kʰiet̚⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kit̚²/ |
| Nanning | /kit̚²²/ | |
| Hong Kong | /kit̚²/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kiat̚⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kieʔ⁵/ | |
| Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /kiɛ²⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Teochew) | /kiak̚⁵/ | |
| Haikou (Hainanese) | /kit̚⁵/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 傑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 薛 (83) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 渠列切 |
| Baxter | gjet |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡˠiᴇt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡᵚiɛt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiæt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /giat̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡjɛt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭɛt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gi̯ɛt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jié |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | git6 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 傑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jié |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ gjet › |
| Old Chinese | /*N-[k]<r>at/ |
| English | remarkable; hero |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 傑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6462 |
| Phonetic component | 桀 |
| Rime group | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 傑 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡrad/ |
傑
| Shinjitai | 傑 |  |
| Kyūjitai [1][2][3] | 傑󠄂 傑+ 󠄂?(Adobe-Japan1) |  |
| 傑󠄄 傑+ 󠄄?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
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