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倡

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

倡	U+5021,倡 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5021

←倠
[U+5020]

CJK Unified Ideographs

倢 →
[U+5022]

Translingual

Han character

倡 (Kangxi radical 9,人+8, 10 strokes,cangjie input人日日 (OAA),four-corner2626₀,composition⿰亻昌)

References

Kangxi Dictionary:page 108, character 12
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 783
Dae Jaweon: page 231, character 2
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 177, character 5
Unihan data for U+5021

Chinese

simp. andtrad.		倡

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character倡
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)	Liushutong (compiled inMing)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Small seal script s05852 Transcribed ancient scripts L24011 L24012 L24013 L24010
References: Mostly from Richard Sears'Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the samephonetic series (昌)(Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
昌	*tʰjaŋ
倡	tʰjaŋ, tʰjaŋs
猖	*tʰjaŋ
菖	*tʰjaŋ
閶	*tʰjaŋ
鯧	*tʰjaŋ
裮	*tʰjaŋ
琩	*tʰjaŋ
唱	*tʰjaŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*tʰjaŋ, *tʰjaŋs): semantic 亻 + phonetic 昌(OC*tʰjaŋ).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin):chàng (chang⁴)
(Zhuyin):ㄔㄤˋ
Cantonese(Jyutping):coeng³ /coeng¹
Hakka
(Sixian,PFS):chhong
(Hailu,HRS):chong^ˇ
Eastern Min(BUC):chióng
Puxian Min(Pouseng Ping'ing):cyorng⁴ / cyoeng⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien,POJ):chhiòng /chhiàng
(Teochew,Peng'im):ciang³
Wu(Shanghai,Wugniu):⁵tshaon

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:chàng
  - Zhuyin:ㄔㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:chàng
  - Wade–Giles:chʻang⁴
  - Yale:chàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:chanq
  - Palladius:чан(čan)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:coeng³ / coeng¹
  - Yale:cheung / chēung
  - Cantonese Pinyin:tsoeng³ / tsoeng¹
  - Guangdong Romanization:cêng³ / cêng¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡sʰœːŋ³³/, /t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

Note: coeng1 - common variant.

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl.Miaoli andNeipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:chhong
  - Hakka Romanization System:cong
  - Hagfa Pinyim:cong⁴
  - SinologicalIPA:/t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl.Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System:chong^ˇ
  - SinologicalIPA:/t͡ʃʰoŋ¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê:chióng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡sʰuɔŋ²¹³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:cyorng⁴
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍:chio̤̍ng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡sʰyɒŋ⁴²/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing:cyoeng⁴
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡sʰyøŋ⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Quanzhou,Jinjiang,GeneralTaiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:chhiòng
  - Tâi-lô:tshiòng
  - Phofsit Daibuun:chioxng
  - SinologicalIPA (Taipei):/t͡sʰiɔŋ¹¹/
  - SinologicalIPA (Quanzhou,Jinjiang):/t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴¹/
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Kaohsiung):/t͡sʰiɔŋ²¹/
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Quanzhou,Zhangzhou,GeneralTaiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:chhiàng
  - Tâi-lô:tshiàng
  - Phofsit Daibuun:chiaxng
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Zhangzhou,Kaohsiung):/t͡sʰiaŋ²¹/
  - SinologicalIPA (Quanzhou):/t͡sʰiaŋ⁴¹/
  - SinologicalIPA (Taipei):/t͡sʰiaŋ¹¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im:ciang³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:tshiàng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡sʰiaŋ²¹³/
Wu
- (Northern:Shanghai)
  - Wugniu:⁵tshaon
  - MiniDict:tshaon^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai):²tshaan
  - SinologicalIPA (Shanghai):/t͡sʰɑ̃³⁴/

Middle Chinese:tsyhangH

Rime
Character	倡
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	昌 (24)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	尺亮切
Baxter	tsyhangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕʰɨɐŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕʰiɐŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕʰiɑŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cʰɨaŋ^H/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕʰiaŋ^H/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕʰĭaŋ^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕʰi̯aŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	coeng³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart):/*mə-tʰaŋ-s/
(Zhengzhang):/*tʰjaŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	倡
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chàng
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyhang^H ›
Old Chinese	/*mə-tʰaŋ-s/
English	to lead (in singing)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	倡
Reading #	2/2
No.	1258
Phonetic component	昌
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	唱
Old Chinese	/*tʰjaŋs/

Definitions

倡

tolead (achorus); tointroduce
tosing
toadvocate; torecommend; toencourage; topromote; topropagate

Compounds

一倡三歎 /一倡三叹
一倡百和(yīchàngbǎihè)
倡優 /倡优(chāngyōu)
倡和
倡始
倡導 /倡导(chàngdǎo)
倡導團體 /倡导团体(chàngdǎo tuántǐ)
倡導者 /倡导者
倡廉(chànglián)
倡義 /倡义
倡言(chàngyán)
倡議 /倡议(chàngyì)
倡議書 /倡议书
倡隨 /倡随
倡首(chàngshǒu)
反腐倡廉(fǎnfǔchànglián)
夫倡婦隨 /夫倡妇随
彼倡此和
提倡(tíchàng)
為主作倡 /为主作倡
首倡(shǒuchàng)
首倡義舉 /首倡义举

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin):chāng (chang¹)
(Zhuyin):ㄔㄤ
Cantonese(Jyutping):coeng¹
Eastern Min(BUC):chiŏng
Southern Min(Hokkien,POJ):chhiong

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:chāng
  - Zhuyin:ㄔㄤ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:chang
  - Wade–Giles:chʻang¹
  - Yale:chāng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:chang
  - Palladius:чан(čan)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:coeng¹
  - Yale:chēung
  - Cantonese Pinyin:tsoeng¹
  - Guangdong Romanization:cêng¹
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê:chiŏng
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/t͡sʰuoŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien:GeneralTaiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:chhiong
  - Tâi-lô:tshiong
  - Phofsit Daibuun:chiofng
  - SinologicalIPA (Taipei,Kaohsiung):/t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese:tsyhang

Rime
Character	倡
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	昌 (24)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	尺良切
Baxter	tsyhang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕʰɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕʰiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕʰiɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cʰɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕʰiaŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕʰĭaŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕʰi̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	coeng¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang):/*tʰjaŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	倡
Reading #	1/2
No.	1250
Phonetic component	昌
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	昌
Old Chinese	/*tʰjaŋ/

Definitions

倡

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)professional singer anddancer
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)musician;actor;entertainer;performer
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese)alternative form of娼(chāng,“prostitute”)

Compounds

References

“倡”, in漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1],香港中文大學 (theChinese University of Hong Kong),2014–
莆田市荔城区档案馆[Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “倡”, in莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page26.

Japanese

Kanji

倡

(Hyōgai kanji)

prostitute

Readings

Go-on:しょう(shō)
Kan-on:しょう(shō)
Kun:あそびめ(asobime,倡)、となえる(tonaeru,倡える)、わざおぎ(wazaogi,倡)

References

“^▲倡”, in漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese),The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation,2015–2026

Korean

Hanja

倡 (eum창(chang))

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Vietnamese

Han character

倡:Hán Nôm readings:xướng

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