係 (Kangxi radical 9,人+7, 9 strokes,cangjie input人竹女火 (OHVF),four-corner2229₃,composition⿰亻系)

• 喺,𦵠,𨵺

• Kangxi Dictionary:page 104, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 663
• Dae Jaweon: page 220, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 164, character 8
• Unihan data for U+4FC2

Historical forms of the character係
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)	Liushutong (compiled inMing)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts
Small seal script s05880 Transcribed ancient scripts L20298 L35898 L35899 L35900 L35901
References: Mostly from Richard Sears'Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*keːɡs): semantic 人 + phonetic 系(OC*ɡeːɡs).

The simplified form系 also exists as a traditional character, and is also used to simplify繫. In ancient times,系,係, and繫 were usually interchangeable graphic variants, although in some compounds, only one form is acceptable (e.g.世系 and繋辭／繋辞).

This section or entry lacks references or sources. Please help verify this information by adding appropriatecitations. You can also discuss it at theTea Room.

The meaning “yes” in Cantonese and Hakka is likely an independently created sound symbolism, only associated with this character byfolk etymology.Thisetymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

係

1. torelate; tobear on
2. totie; tobind
3. (formal or Cantonese, Hakka) tobe(copula)

   其母係北京人。／其母系北京人。  ― Qí mǔxì Běijīngrén.  ―  His motheris a native of Beijing.

   烏龍茶係茶嘅一種。[Guangzhou Cantonese,trad.]
   乌龙茶系茶嘅一种。[Guangzhou Cantonese,simp.]

   wu¹ lung^4-2 caa⁴hai⁶ caa⁴ ge³ jat¹ zung².[Jyutping]

   Oolong teais a type of tea.

4. (Cantonese, Hakka)yes (as answer to a question)

• (Cantonese) Not to be confused with喺 (hai2).
• (Cantonese, Hakka)係／系 is used in vernacular contexts, while是 is used in literary or formal contexts.

• →? Japanese:(in the sense“yes”)はい(hai)(disputed; easily a coincidence)
• → Vietnamese:hễ

(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

係

1. (Hokkien)alternative form of是(sī, sǐ,“to be”)
   • 2011,林宗興, “想起昔當時”, in衝吧！夢想超人英雄, performed by林宗興:

     一切浮華嚨係空虛[Taiwanese Hokkien,trad.]
     一切浮华咙系空虚[Taiwanese Hokkien,simp.]

     it-chhè hi-hoa lóngsī khang-hi[Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 2015,柯大堡 [KoDaBow], “老厝邊 [Neighborhood]”, performed by台客電力公司 [TaiKo Electro Company]:

     老朋友來逗陣　係歡喜啊的事情[Taiwanese Hokkien,trad.]
     老朋友来逗阵　系欢喜啊的事情[Taiwanese Hokkien,simp.]

     lāu-pêng-iú lâi tàu-tīn,sī hoaⁿ-hí--ah ê tāi-chì[Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 2019,陳以恆 [Yi Heng Chen], “過路人 [Passersby]”, in但係我袂驚惶 [When I Find My Heart Inside You], performed by陳以恆 [Yi Heng Chen]:

     注定係過路人[Taiwanese Hokkien,trad.]
     注定系过路人[Taiwanese Hokkien,simp.]

     chù-tēngsī kòe-lō͘-lâng[Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

     Destined tobe passersby

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

• Go-on:げ(ge)
• Kan-on:けい(kei,Jōyō)
• Kun:かかる(kakaru,係る,Jōyō)、かかり(kakari,係,Jōyō)、かかわる(kakawaru,係わる)、つながり(tsunagari)

• 係(けい)船(せん)(keisen)
• 係(けい)争(そう)(keisō)
• 係(けい)属(ぞく)(keizoku)
• 係(けい)留(りゅう)(keiryū)
• 連(れん)係(けい)(renkei)
• 係(かかり)助(じょ)詞(し)(kakarijoshi),係(かか)り助(じょ)詞(し)(kakarijoshi)

• (Tokyo)かかり[káꜜkàrì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ka̠ka̠ɾʲi]

係(かかり)• (kakari) 

1. personin charge, personresponsible

• (Tokyo)がかり[gàkárí] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɡa̠ka̠ɾʲi]

係(がかり)• (-gakari) 

1. personin charge, personresponsible

   カメラ係(がかり)

   kamera-gakari

   cameraman

   撮(さつ)影(えい)係(がかり)

   satsuei-gakari

   photographer

• → Indonesian:gakari

• “係”, in漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese),The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation,2015–2026

係 (eumhun맬계(mael gye))

1. hanja form^? of계(“connection”)

• 관계 (關係,gwan'gye, “relationship”)

係:Hán Nôm readings:hệ,hể,hề,hễ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out andadd a translation, then remove the text{{rfdef}}.

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