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以外

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Chinese

		to use; according to; so as to to use; according to; so as to; in order to; by; with; because; Israel (abbrev.)	outside; in addition; foreign outside; in addition; foreign; external
trad.(以外)		以	外
simp.^#(以外)		以	外

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin):yǐwài
(Zhuyin):ㄧˇ ㄨㄞˋ
Cantonese(Jyutping):ji⁵ ngoi⁶
Hakka
(Sixian,PFS):yî-ngoi
(Hailu,HRS):rhi^ˋ ngoi^˖
Northern Min(KCR):ǐ-ngṳē
Southern Min(Hokkien,POJ):í-gōa /í-gōe

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:yǐwài
  - Zhuyin:ㄧˇ ㄨㄞˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:yǐwài
  - Wade–Giles:i³-wai⁴
  - Yale:yǐ-wài
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:yiiway
  - Palladius:ивай(ivaj)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/i²¹⁴⁻²¹ waɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping:ji⁵ ngoi⁶
  - Yale:yíh ngoih
  - Cantonese Pinyin:ji⁵ ngoi⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization:yi⁵ ngoi⁶
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/jiː¹³ ŋɔːi̯²²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl.Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:yî-ngoi
  - Hakka Romanization System:i^ˊ ngoi
  - Hagfa Pinyim:yi¹ ngoi⁴
  - SinologicalIPA:/i²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋoi̯⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl.Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:yî-ngoi
  - Hakka Romanization System:(r)i^ˊ ngoi
  - Hagfa Pinyim:yi¹ ngoi⁴
  - SinologicalIPA:/(j)i²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋoi̯⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl.Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System:rhi^ˋ ngoi^˖
  - SinologicalIPA:/ʒi⁵³ ŋoi³³/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized:ǐ-ngṳē
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/i²¹ ŋyɛ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien:Quanzhou,GeneralTaiwanese,Xiamen,Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:í-gōa
  - Tâi-lô:í-guā
  - Phofsit Daibuun:y'goa
  - SinologicalIPA (Kaohsiung):/i⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡua³³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Taipei):/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡua³³/
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Zhangzhou):/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡua²²/
  - SinologicalIPA (Quanzhou):/i⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡua⁴¹/
- (Hokkien:Xiamen,Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī:í-gōe
  - Tâi-lô:í-guē
  - Phofsit Daibuun:y'goe
  - SinologicalIPA (Xiamen,Zhangzhou):/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡue²²/

Postposition

以外

apart from;other than;except for;beyond;excluding;in addition

Synonyms

之外 (zhīwài)

Derived terms

除了……以外(chúle...yǐwài)

Adjective

以外

external

Related terms

額外／额外 (éwài)
另外 (lìngwài)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (以外):

→ Japanese:以外(いがい)(igai)
→ Korean:이외(以外)(ioe)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
以	外
い Grade: 4	がい Grade: 2
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo)いがい[íꜜgàì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [iɡa̠i]

Postposition

以(い)外(がい)• (igai)

apart from; excepting (something)
関(かん)係(けい)者(しゃ)以(い)外(がい)立(たち)入(いり)禁(きん)止(し)
kankeishaigai tachiiri kinshi
authorized personnel only
(literally, “entry is forbiddenexcept for related persons”)

Antonyms

以(い)内(ない)(inai)

References

^Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006),大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition,Tokyo:Sanseidō,→ISBN

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