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中行

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Chinese

		middle; centre; within middle; centre; within; among; in; while (doing something); during; China; Chinese; hit (the mark)	to go; to do; capable to go; to do; capable; all right; competent; OK; to travel; temporary; to walk; will do; behaviour; conduct; a row; profession; professional
simp. andtrad. (中行)		中	行

Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Mandarin
(Pinyin):zhōngxíng,zhōngxìng
(Zhuyin):ㄓㄨㄥㄒㄧㄥˊ, ㄓㄨㄥㄒㄧㄥˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:zhōngxíng
  - Zhuyin:ㄓㄨㄥㄒㄧㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:jhongsíng
  - Wade–Giles:chung¹-hsing²
  - Yale:jūng-syíng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:jongshyng
  - Palladius:чжунсин(čžunsin)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:zhōngxìng
  - Zhuyin:ㄓㄨㄥㄒㄧㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:jhongsìng
  - Wade–Giles:chung¹-hsing⁴
  - Yale:jūng-syìng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:jongshinq
  - Palladius:чжунсин(čžunsin)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕiŋ⁵¹/

Middle Chinese:trjuwng haengH

Rime
Character	中	行
Reading #	1/2	4/4
Initial (聲)	知 (9)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	東 (2)	庚 (109)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	II
Fanqie	陟弓切	下更切
Baxter	trjuwng	haengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈɨuŋ/	/ɦˠæŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈiuŋ/	/ɦᵚaŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶiuŋ/	/ɣaŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈuwŋ/	/ɦaɨjŋ^H/
Li Rong	/ȶiuŋ/	/ɣɐŋ^H/
Wang Li	/ȶĭuŋ/	/ɣɐŋ^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȶi̯uŋ/	/ɣɐŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhōng	hèng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zung¹	hang⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart):/*truŋ [ɡ]ˤraŋ-s/
(Zhengzhang):/*tuŋ ɡraːŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	中	行
Reading #	1/2	3/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhōng	xíng
Middle Chinese	‹ trjuwng ›	‹ hæng^H ›
Old Chinese	/*truŋ/	/*[ɡ]ˁraŋ-s/
English	center	action
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	中	行
Reading #	1/2	4/4
No.	17407	13876
Phonetic component	中	行
Rime group	終	陽
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	中	行
Old Chinese	/*tuŋ/	/*ɡraːŋs/

Noun

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中行

(literary)middle way;properaction;appropriateconduct
- 子曰：「不得中行而與之，必也狂狷乎！」[Classical Chinese,trad.]
  子曰：「不得中行而与之，必也狂狷乎！」[Classical Chinese,simp.]
  From: TheAnalects of Confucius,c. 475 – 221BCE, translated based onJames Legge's version
  Zǐ yuē: “Bùdézhōngxíng ér yǔ zhī, bì yě kuángjuàn hū!”[Pinyin]
  The Master said, "Since I cannot get men pursuingthe due medium, to whom I might communicate my instructions, I must find the ardent and the cautiously-decided."

Etymology 2

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Originally, a氏 (shì, “hereditary clan; house”) created in the state ofJin (晉), taking the name from the "Central Column" —中 (zhōng)行 (háng) — of the Jin armies.

晉侯作三行以禦狄，荀林父將中行，屠擊將右行，先蔑將左行。[Classical Chinese,trad.]

晋侯作三行以御狄，荀林父将中行，屠击将右行，先蔑将左行。[Classical Chinese,simp.]

From:Commentary of Zuo,c. 4^th centuryBCE

Jìnhóu zuò sān háng yǐ yù Dí, Xún Línfǔ jiàngzhōngháng, Tú Jī jiàng yòu háng, Xiān Miè jiàng zuǒ háng.[Pinyin]

TheMarquis of Jin established the Three Columns in order to defend against theDi.Xun Linfu,Tu Ji, andXian Mie commanded theCentral, Right, and Leftcolumns respectively.

According toKong Yingda's annotations to theZuozhuan, the Middle Chinesefanqie of行 in this context was戶郎反 (reconstructed: /*ɦɑŋ/, /*ɣɑŋ/ > Mandarinháng).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin):Zhōngháng
(Zhuyin):ㄓㄨㄥㄏㄤˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:Zhōngháng
  - Zhuyin:ㄓㄨㄥㄏㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:Jhongháng
  - Wade–Giles:Chung¹-hang²
  - Yale:Jūng-háng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:Jongharng
  - Palladius:Чжунхан(Čžunxan)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ xɑŋ³⁵/

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart):/*truŋ [ɡ]ˤaŋ/
(Zhengzhang):/*tuŋ ɡaːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	中	行
Reading #	1/2	1/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhōng	háng
Middle Chinese	‹ trjuwng ›	‹ hang ›
Old Chinese	/*truŋ/	/*[ɡ]ˁaŋ/
English	center	rank, row
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	中	行
Reading #	1/2	1/4
No.	17407	13864
Phonetic component	中	行
Rime group	終	陽
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	中	航
Old Chinese	/*tuŋ/	/*ɡaːŋ/

Proper noun

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中行

Zhonghang(a historicalsurname)
中行桓子 ― Zhōngháng Huánzǐ ― Lord Huan of Zhonghang (posthumous appellation of Xun/Zhonghang Linfu,fl.c. 7th centuryBCE)
中行說／中行说 ― Zhōngháng Yuè ― Zhonghang Yue (fl.c. 2nd centuryBCE)