up; on; on top up; on; on top; upon; first; previous or last; upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; to go up | to walk; to tour; to roam to walk; to tour; to roam; to swim; to travel | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. andtrad. (上游) | 上 | 游 | |
edit 上油上游 |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 上 | 游 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 常 (25) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 時亮切 | 以周切 |
| Baxter | dzyangH | yuw |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ʑɨɐŋH/ | /jɨu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡ʑiɐŋH/ | /jiu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ʑiɑŋH/ | /iəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡ʑɨaŋH/ | /juw/ |
| Li Rong | /ʑiaŋH/ | /iu/ |
| Wang Li | /ʑĭaŋH/ | /jĭəu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʑi̯aŋH/ | /i̯ə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shàng | yóu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | soeng6 | jau4 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 上 | 游 | 游 |
| Reading # | 3/3 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shàng | yóu | yóu |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzyangH › | ‹ yuw › | ‹ yuw › |
| Old Chinese | /*daŋʔ-s/ | /*[N-]ru/ | /*[N-]ru/ |
| English | top, above (n.) | float, swim | float, swim |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 上 | 游 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 11103 | 15545 |
| Phonetic component | 上 | 斿 |
| Rime group | 陽 | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 尚 | 猷 |
| Old Chinese | /*djaŋs/ | /*lu/ |
上游