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万

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:萬,方,andㄪ

万	U+4E07,万 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E07

←丆
[U+4E06]

CJK Unified Ideographs

丈 →
[U+4E08]

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万

Translingual

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Stroke order

Stroke order

ㄪ(Zhuyin alphabet)

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character万
Shang	Western Zhou
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions

Unknown. Used as a tribal name in oracle inscriptions. Used as a number since theSpring and Autumn andWarring States periods.

Various theories have been proposed for its original meaning:

Qu Wanli,Qiu Xigui and others propose that it originally refers to a type of dancer-musicians. This usage is attested in the oracle inscriptions. This may be supported by ancient literature, e.g.Shijing, which mentions a type of dance called萬舞／万舞.
Lin Yiguang proposes that it is an ancient form of丏 (OC*meːnʔ), acting as a phonetic component in賓 (OC*mpin).
Some propose that it is a differentiated form of亥.

Etymology 1

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For pronunciation and definitions of万 – see萬 (“scorpion; etc.”).
(This character is the simplified and variant form of萬).

Notes:

Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.
Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Compounds

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万紐于(Wànniǔyú)

Etymology 2

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simp. andtrad.		万
alternative forms		𢄏

Pronunciation

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Mandarin
(Pinyin):mò (mo⁴)
(Zhuyin):ㄇㄛˋ
Cantonese(Jyutping):mak⁶ /maak⁶
Southern Min(Teochew,Peng'im):mog⁸

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin:mò
  - Zhuyin:ㄇㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin:mò
  - Wade–Giles:mo⁴
  - Yale:mwò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh:moh
  - Palladius:мо(mo)
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/mu̯ɔ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese,Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping:mak⁶ / maak⁶
  - Yale:mahk / maahk
  - Cantonese Pinyin:mak⁹ / maak⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization:meg⁶ / mag⁶
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/mɐk̚²/, /maːk̚²/
Southern Min
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im:mog⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:mo̍k
  - SinologicalIPA^(key):/mok̚⁴/

Middle Chinese:mok

Rime
Character	万
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	德 (131)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	莫北切
Baxter	mok
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mək̚/
Pan Wuyun	/mək̚/
Shao Rongfen	/mək̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mək̚/
Li Rong	/mək̚/
Wang Li	/mək̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/mək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mò
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mak⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang):/*mɯːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	万
Reading #	2/2
No.	12614
Phonetic component	万
Rime group	職
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	墨
Old Chinese	/*mɯːɡ/

Definitions

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万

only used in万俟 (Mòqí)

References

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Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B00001

Japanese

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Shinjitai	万
Kyūjitai	萬

Kanji

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See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 万

万

(Second grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji,kyūjitai form萬)

Readings

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As a simplification and variant of萬:

Go-on:もん(mon)
Kan-on:ばん(ban,Jōyō)
Tō-on:ワン(wan)
Kan’yō-on:まん(man,Jōyō)
Kun:よろず(yorozu,万)^{←よろづ(yorodu,万,historical)}
Nanori:かず(kazu)、かつ(katsu)、すすむ(susumu)、たか(taka)、つむ(tsumu)、つもる(tsumoru)、ま(ma)、ゆる(yuru)、よし(yoshi)

As part of the surname万俟:

Go-on:もく(moku)
Kan-on:ぼく(boku)

Compounds

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万(まん)引(び)き(manbiki)
万年青(オモト)(omoto)

Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
万
まん Grade: 2
kan'yōon

Alternative spelling
萬(kyūjitai)

FromMiddle Chinese萬 (MC mjonH). Compare modernCantonese萬 /万(maan⁶),Hokkien萬 /万(bān).

Pronunciation

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(Tokyo)まん[máꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [mã̠ɴ]

Noun

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万(まん)• (man)

ten thousand,myriad
- 1999 October 17, “３(さん)万(まん)年(ねん)の白(しろ)亀(メ) [30,000-Year White Turtle]”, inBOOSTER 5,Konami:
  ３(さん)万(まん)年(ねん)も生(い)きつづけている巨(きょ)大(だい)カメ。守(しゅ)備(び)力(りょく)が高(たか)い。
  Sanman-nen mo ikitsuzukete iru kyodai kame. Shubiryoku ga takai.
  A giant turtle that has lived for over 30,000 years. It has high defense strength.

Derived terms

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v • d • e Japanese numbers
Number	Kanji	Kana	Romaji
0	零	れい、ゼロ	rei, zero
1	一、壱、弌、壹	いち	ichi
2	二、弐、貳、貮	に	ni
3	三、参、參	さん	san
4	四、肆	よん、し	yon, shi
5	五、伍	ご	go
6	六、陸	ろく	roku
7	七、漆	なな、しち	nana, shichi
8	八、捌	はち	hachi
9	九、玖	きゅう、く	kyū, ku
10	十、拾	じゅう	jū
100	百、陌、佰	ひゃく	hyaku
1,000	千、阡、仟	せん	sen
10,000	一万、万、一萬、萬	いちまん、まん	ichiman, man
100,000,000	一億、億	いちおく、おく	ichioku, oku

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
万
ばん Grade: 2
kan'on

Alternative spelling
萬(kyūjitai)

FromMiddle Chinese萬 (MC mjonH). Compare modernHokkien萬 /万(bān).

Pronunciation

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(Tokyo)ばん[báꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [bã̠ɴ]

Adverb

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万(ばん)• (ban)

(followed by a negative)even if,never
(followed by a negative)no matter what

Prefix

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万(ばん)• (ban-)

Derived terms

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万(ばん)感(かん)(bankan,“flood ofemotions”)
万(ばん)軍(ぐん)(bangun)
万(ばん)芸(げい)(bangei,“versatility”)
万(ばん)古(こ)(banko,“old time, all thistime,eternity”)
万(ばん)斛(こく)(bankoku)
万(ばん)劫(ごう)(bangō,“an extremely long period of time”)
万(ばん)死(し)(banshi,“critical state of the life”)
万(ばん)寿(じゅ)(banju),万(まん)寿(じゅ)(manju,“longevity”)
万(ばん)丈(じょう)(banjō,“hurrah”)
万(ばん)乗(じょう)(banjō,“sovereignty”)
万(ばん)状(じょう)(banjō,“diversification”)
万(ばん)博(ぱく)(banpaku,“international exposition”)
万(ばん)万(ばん)(banban,“very much”)
万(ばん)民(みん)(banmin,“all thepeople, theentire nation”)
万(ばん)有(ゆう)(ban'yū)

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
万
よろず Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
萬(kyūjitai)

⟨yo₂ro₂du⟩ → */jərədu/ →/jorod͡zu/ →/jorozu/

FromOld Japanese. First attested in theNihon Shoki of 720CE.^[4]

Appears to be a compound or inflection, but the derivation is unclear. Possibly related toKorean여러(yeoreo,“several,various”), in which case the final/-du/ in the Old Japanese might be a voiced version of the generic numeral nominalizerつ(tsu).

Pronunciation

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(Tokyo)よろず[yóꜜròzù] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]^[3]
(Tokyo)よろず[yòrózú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [jo̞ɾo̞zɨ]

Noun

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万(よろず)• (yorozu) ^{←よろづ(yorodu)^?}

Derived terms

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万(よろず)屋(や)(yorozuya,“generalmerchant”)

v • d • e Japanese counter/suffix:万 (よろず,yorozu, "ten thousand; the kun'yomi reading of万")
Number	Kanji	Kana	Romaji
10,000	万	よろず	yorozu
20,000	二万	ふたよろず	futayorozu
30,000	三万	みよろず	miyorozu
40,000	四万	よよろず	yoyorozu
50,000	五万	いよろず	iyorozu
60,000	六万	むよろず	muyorozu
70,000	七万	ななよろず	nanayorozu
80,000	八万	やよろず	yayorozu
90,000	九万	ここのよろず	kokonoyorozu

References

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↑^1.0^1.1^1.2^1.3Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006),大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition,Tokyo:Sanseidō,→ISBN
↑^2.0^2.1^2.2^2.3NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998),NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese),Tokyo:NHK Publishing, Inc.,→ISBN
↑^3.0^3.1^3.2^3.3Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997),新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition,Tokyo:Sanseidō,→ISBN
^“万”, in日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition,Tokyo:Shogakukan,2006

“^△万”, in漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese),The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation,2015–2025

Korean

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Hanja

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万 (eumhun일 만(il man))

alternative form of萬

References

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Supreme Court of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 대법원,Daehanmin'guk Daebeobwon) (2018). Table of hanja for personal names (인명용 한자표 / 人名用漢字表,Inmyeong-yong hanja-pyo).[3]