 | ||||||||
| ||||||||
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 | |||
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 | |||
丁 (Kangxi radical 1,一+1, 2 strokes,cangjie input一弓 (MN),four-corner10200,composition⿱一亅)
Kangxi Dictionary:丁部/二畫 on the Chinese Wikisource.| simp. andtrad. | 丁 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 𠆤 | |
| Historical forms of the character丁 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan) | Liushutong (compiled inMing) | Libian (compiled inQing) | Kangxi Dictionary (compiled inQing) | ||
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | Clerical script | Ming typeface |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 j30153  j30154  j30155  j30156  j30157  j30158  j30159  j30160  j30161  j30162  j30163  j30164  j30165  j30166  j30167  j30168  j30169  j30170  j30171  j30172  j30173  j30174  j30175  j30176  j30177  j30178  j30179  j30180  j30181  j30182  j30183  j30184  j30185  j30186  j30187  j30188  j30189  j30190  j30191  j30192  j30193  j30194  j30195  j30196  j30197  j30198  j30199  j30200  j30201  j30202  j30203  j30204  j30205  j30206  j30207  j30208  j30209  j30210  j30211  j30212  j30213  j30214  j30215  j30216  j30217  j30218  j30219  j30220  j30221  j30222  j30223  j30224  j30225  j30226  j30227  j30228  j30229  j30230  j30231  j30232  j30233  j30234  j30235  j30236  j30237  j30238  j30239  j30240  j30241  j30242  j30243  j30244  j30245  j30246  j30247  j30248  j30249  j30250  j30251  j30252  j30253  j30254  j30255  j30256  j30257  j30258  j30259  j30260  j30261  j30262  j30263  j30264  j30265  j30266  j30267  j30268  j30269  j30270  j30271  j30272  j30273  j30274  j30275  j30276  j30277  j30278  j30279  j30280  j30281  j30282  j30283  j30284  j30285  j30286  j30287  j30288  j30289  j30290  j30291  j30292  j30293  b20292  b20293  b20294  b20295  b20296  b20297  b20298  b20299  b20300  b20301 b20302  b20303  b20304  b20305  b20306  b20307  b20308  b20309 b20310  b20311  b20312  b20313  b20314  b20315  b20316  s10946 Transcribed ancient scripts  L33441  L33442  L33443  L33444  L33445  L33446  L33447  L33448  L33449  L33450  L33451  L11338  L11339  L11340  L11341  L11342  L11343  L11344  L11345  L11346  L11347  L11348  L11349  L11350  L11351  L11352 | |||||||||
References: Mostly from Richard Sears'Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
| |||||||||
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 圢 | *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋʔ |
| 町 | *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ, *deːŋʔ |
| 打 | *rteŋʔ, *teːŋʔ |
| 盯 | *rteŋʔ, *rdeŋ |
| 朾 | *rteːŋ, *rdeːŋ |
| 丁 | *rteːŋ, *teːŋ |
| 玎 | *rteːŋ, *teːŋ |
| 虰 | *rdeːŋ, *tʰeŋ, *teːŋ |
| 揨 | *rdeːŋ |
| 釘 | *teːŋ, *teːŋs |
| 靪 | *teːŋ, *teːŋʔ |
| 仃 | *teːŋ |
| 叮 | *teːŋ |
| 疔 | *teːŋ |
| 頂 | *teːŋʔ |
| 奵 | *teːŋʔ |
| 耵 | *teːŋʔ |
| 酊 | *teːŋʔ |
| 葶 | *teːŋʔ, *deːŋ |
| 矴 | *teːŋs |
| 訂 | *teːŋs, *tʰeːŋ, *deːŋʔ |
| 飣 | *teːŋs |
| 汀 | *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋs |
| 艼 | *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ |
| 庁 | *tʰeːŋ |
| 婷 | *deːŋ |
| 停 | *deːŋ |
| 聤 | *deːŋ |
| 渟 | *deːŋ |
| 楟 | *deːŋ |
| 亭 | *deːŋ |
Pictogram (象形) – different theories exist:
See also旦.
| Variety | Location | 丁 (姓丁) |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /tiŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Harbin | /tiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /tiŋ²¹/ | |
| Jinan | /tiŋ²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /tiŋ²¹³/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /tiŋ²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /tiŋ²¹/ | |
| Xining | /tiə̃⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /tiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Lanzhou | /tĩn³¹/ | |
| Ürümqi | /tiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Wuhan | /tin⁵⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /tin⁵⁵/ | |
| Guiyang | /tin⁵⁵/ | |
| Kunming | /tĩ⁴⁴/ | |
| Nanjing | /tin³¹/ | |
| Hefei | /tin²¹/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /tiəŋ¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /tiŋ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /tĩŋ³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /tiŋ⁵³/ |
| Suzhou | /tin⁵⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /tin³³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /teŋ³³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /tiʌ̃³¹/ |
| Tunxi | /tɛ¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /tin³³/ |
| Xiangtan | /tin³³/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /tiɑŋ⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /ten⁴⁴/ |
| Taoyuan | /ten²⁴/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /teŋ⁵³/ |
| Nanning | /teŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /tiŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /tiŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /tiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /taiŋ⁵⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Teochew) | /teŋ³³/ | |
| Haikou (Hainanese) | /ʔdeŋ²³/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 丁 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 端 (5) |
| Final (韻) | 青 (125) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 當經切 |
| Baxter | teng |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /teŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /teŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tɛŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tɛjŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /teŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /tieŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /tieŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dīng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ding1 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 丁 | 丁 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | dīng | dīng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ teng › | ‹ teng › |
| Old Chinese | /*tˁeŋ/ | /*tˁeŋ/ |
| English | 4th heavenly stem | nail (n.) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 丁 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 2378 |
| Phonetic component | 丁 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 丁 |
| Old Chinese | /*teːŋ/ |
| Notes | 釘（鋌塊）初文 |
丁
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 丁 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 知 (9) |
| Final (韻) | 耕 (117) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 中莖切 |
| Baxter | treang |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʈˠɛŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈᵚæŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȶɐŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈəɨjŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /ȶɛŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /ȶæŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȶæŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhēng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zang1 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 丁 |
| Reading # | 3/3 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhēng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ trɛng › |
| Old Chinese | /*tˁreŋ/ |
| English | sound of beating |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 丁 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 2372 |
| Phonetic component | 丁 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 朾 |
| Old Chinese | /*rteːŋ/ |
丁
From the orthographic similarity ofJ(zei1,“penis”), an initialism ofjer(zoe1,“penis”), which is a romanisation of脧(zoe1).
丁
| For pronunciation and definitions of丁 – see叮 (“tosting; tobite; toadvise; tourge; torepeat what onesays to makesure; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of叮). |
Notes:
|
| For pronunciation and definitions of丁 – see盯 (“togaze upon; tokeepeyes on; tostare at”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of盯). |
Notes:
|
| For pronunciation and definitions of丁 – see釘 (“goldslab;nail; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of釘). |
Notes:
|
| For pronunciation and definitions of丁 – see靪 (“toresole ashoe;patch; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of靪). |
Notes:
|
As in the onomatopoeia丁丁:
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 丁 |
| てい Grade: 3 |
| kan'on |
FromMiddle Chinese丁(teng).
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 丁 |
| ちょう Grade: 3 |
| goon |
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 丁 |
| ちょう Grade: 3 |
| goon |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 挺 梃 |
FromMiddle Chinese挺 (MC deng|dengX).丁 is adaiyōji replacing挺.
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 丁 |
| ひのと Grade: 3 |
| kun'yomi |
火(hi,“fire”,one of theFive Elements) +の(no,attributive marker) +弟(oto,“younger brother”)
FromMiddle Chinese丁 (MC teng). Recorded asMiddle Korean뎌ᇰ(tyeng) (Yale:tyeng) inHunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
丁 (eumhun넷째천간(天干)정)
丁 (eumhun고무래정(gomurae jeong))
丁 (eumhun장정정(jangjeong jeong))
丁:Hán Việt readings:đinh (
丁:Nôm readings:đứa[1][2][3][6][5][7],đinh[1][2][4][7],đềnh[1],tênh[2],tranh[2],đĩnh[3]
