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と

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See also:どandと゚

と	U+3068,と HIRAGANA LETTER TO

←で
[U+3067]

Hiragana

ど →
[U+3069]

Japanese

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Stroke order

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Derived in theHeian period from writing theman'yōgana kanji止 in thecursivesōsho style.

Syllable

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と• (to)

Thehiragana syllableと(to). Its equivalent inkatakana isト(to). It is the twentieth syllable in thegojūon order; its position isた行お段(ta-gyō o-dan,“rowta, sectiono”).

Derived terms

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ど(do)

Etymology 2

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⟨to₂⟩ → */tə/ →/to/

FromOld Japanese, fromProto-Japonic*tə.

Particle

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と• (to)

(case-marking)
2. with;marks a companion, partner, etc. that an action is done with
  僕(ぼく)と行(い)きたい？ ―Bokuto ikitai? ―Do you want to gowith me?
  友達(ともだち)と話(はな)していた。 ―Tomodachito hanashite ita. ―I was talkingwith a friend.
4. can be optionally attached to some adverbs to (slightly) highlight the explanatory nature of the adverb
  そよそよと風(かぜ)が吹(ふ)く。 ―Soyosoyoto kaze ga fuku. ―The breeze blows gently.
5. marks the result of a transformation; (turn)to,into
  Synonym:に(ni)
  氷(こおり)と化(か)す ―kōrito kasu ―become, turnto ice
  小(お)川(がわ)が集(あつ)めて大河(たいが)となる。
  Ogawa ga atsumete taigato naru.
  Small streams gather and turninto large rivers.
7. follows a phrase or clause describing the detail, content or manner of an action; commonly used to mark dialogue or thoughts
  「お願(ねが)い！」と言(い)った。 ―“Onegai!”to itta. ―"Please!" I said.
  なんだと！？ ―Nan dato!? ―What!?
  これはダメだと思(おも)います。 ―Kore wa dame dato omoimasu. ―I think this won't work.
  - [1]
    交戦(こうせん)で北朝鮮兵死亡(きたちょうせんへいしぼう)と米紙(べいし)
    kōsen de Kita-Chōsen-hei shibōto beishi
    North Korean troops die in skirmish,according to US news
8. (archaic, outside fixed expressions)when used with the same verb twice, used to mean "every"; constructed using theren'yōkei first, followed by therentaikei
  ありとあらゆる ―each and every
  生(い)きとし生(い)けるもの ―ikito shi ikeru mono ―all living things
(parallel-marking)used to join nouns;and
それとこれ ―soreto kore ―thatand this
英語(えいご)とフランス語(ご)が話(はな)せる。
Eigoto furansugo ga hanaseru.
I can speak Englishand French.
犬(いぬ)と猫(ねこ)を私(わたし)は飼(か)っている。
Inuto neko o watashi wa katteiru.
I have the dogand the cat.
(conjunctive, attaches to a conjugable word inshūshikei)used to express co-occurrence or causality of events
1. marks an action, after which something else happens in succession; (soon)upon (doing something),when
  マンハッタンへ行(い)くと、大学(だいがく)の友達(ともだち)に会(あ)った。
  Manhattan e ikuto, daigaku no tomodachi ni atta.
  When I went to Manhattan, I met a friend from university.
  - 1914,夏目漱石 [Natsume Sōseki], chapter38, inこゝろ [Kokoro],下先生と遺書 [Sensei's Testament]:
    私(わたくし)が家(いえ)へはいると間(ま)もなく俥(くるま)の音(おと)が聞(き)こえました。
    Watakushi ga ie e hairu to mamonaku kuruma no oto ga kikoemashita.
    Shortly after I arrived home I heard the sound of a rickshaw.
2. marks a condition which, whenever met, causes something to happen;whenever;if
  二(に)と三(さん)を掛(か)けると六(ろく)になる。
  Ni to san o kakeruto roku ni naru.
  If you multiply two and three, they make six.
3. marks a condition of which one wishes to express a reasonably expectable consequence;if
  勉強(べんきょう)すると分(わ)かる。 ―Benkyō suruto wakaru. ―If you study, you'll understand.
  円高(えんだか)が進(すす)むと、日本経済(にほんけいざい)が混乱(こんらん)する。
  Endaka ga susumuto, Nihon keizai ga konran suru.
  If the high yen continues, the Japanese economy will be in dire straits.
4. marks a short preface to something one is about to say
  はっきり言(い)うと、だめだ。 ―Hakkiri iuto, dame da. ―Put clearly, no.

Usage notes

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Adverb-marker sense (etymology 2 sense 1.2): SeeJapanese adverbs optionally taking と.
"And" sense (etymology 2 sense 2):
- Like many parallel-marking particles, may be attached to all nouns listed (AとBとCと), but it is more common nowadays to omit the final one (AとBとC).
- Note that it only joins nouns, not verbs or sentences. See the conjunctive auxiliaryて(te).
- The list is implied to be complete. Seeとか(toka),や(ya),やら(yara), etc. for expressing nonexhaustive lists; alternatively,など(nado,“etc.”) may be appended to a list of nouns joined byと(to).

Derived terms

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って(-tte)
と言(い)う(to iu)
とさ(to sa)
とする(to suru)
とて(tote)
とも(to mo)
すると(suru to)
など(nado)

Etymology 3

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Noun

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と• (to)

short forと金(tokin): apromoted歩兵(fuhyō,“pawn”) thatmoves like a金将(kinshō,“gold general”)

Etymology 4

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Particle

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と• (to)

(Kyūshū, final)indicates emphasis or a question
Synonyms:(standard)の,(Tosa)が
そんなことなかとよ。 ―Sonna koto nakato yo. ―Not at all.

Etymology 5

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For pronunciation and definitions ofと – see the following entries.

【戸】2	[noun]door; aplate placed ondoorway Alternative spelling 門

【十】1	[numeral]ten,10

【音】1	[noun]sound;echo;voice

【外】2	[noun] (the)outside [noun]toilet

【所】3	[affix]place Alternative spelling 処

【跡】S	[noun]Used in compound terms such as跡(と)絶(だ)える(todaeru,“to cut off, sever”),跡(と)見(み)(tomi,“tracking (in hunting)”), etc.

【砥】J	[noun]synonym of砥石(toishi,“whetstone”)

【都】3	[noun] acapital city [noun] acity,metropolis [noun]short for東京都(Tōkyō-to): thecapital prefecture ofTokyo [affix]city,metropolis [affix]capital city [affix]elegant,graceful,refined [affix]gather,command [counter]counter formetropolis prefectures

【徒】4	[noun]fellows, same kind people; aset, aparty, agang

【斗】S	[noun] an obsolete unit of liquid measure equal to about 18 liters (18,000 cm³)

【土】1	[proper noun]short forトルコ(Toruko):Turkey

【鳥】2	[prefix] abird [prefix](more specifically) achicken

(This term,と(to), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.)
For a list of all kanji read asと, seeCategory:Japanese kanji read as と.

(The following entries do not have a page created for them yet:人,利,途,堵.)

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