FromProto-Indo-European*h₃émōs. Cognates includeSanskritअंस(áṃsa),Latinumerus,Old Armenianուս(us), andGothic𐌰𐌼𐍃(ams).
- IPA(key): /ɔ̂ː.mos/ →/ˈo.mos/ →/ˈo.mos/
ὦμος• (ômos) m (genitiveὤμου);second declension
- shoulder with theupper arm;also of ananimal
c. 800BCE – 600BCE,
Homer,
Iliad5.146:
- […], τὸν δ᾽ ἕτερον ξίφεϊ μεγάλῳ κληῗδα παρ᾽ὦμον πλῆξ᾽, ἀπὸ δ᾽ αὐχένοςὦμον ἐέργαθεν ἠδ᾽ ἀπὸ νώτου.
- […], tòn d’ héteron xípheï megálōi klēï̂da par’ômon plêx’, apò d’ aukhénosômon eérgathen ēd’ apò nṓtou.
- […], the other with his long sword on the collarbone, shearing theshoulder from the neck and spine.
460BCE – 430BCE,
Herodotus,
Histories2.106:
- "ἐγὼ τήνδε τὴν χώρηνὤμοισι τοῖσι ἐμοῖσι ἐκτησάμην."
- "egṑ tḗnde tḕn khṓrēnṓmoisi toîsi emoîsi ektēsámēn."
- "I myself won this land with the strength of myshoulders."
c. 800BCE – 600BCE,
Homer,
Iliad15.267:
- […]· ὑψοῦ δὲ κάρη ἔχει, ἀμφὶ δὲ χαῖταιὤμοις ἀΐσσονται· […]
- […]; hupsoû dè kárē ékhei, amphì dè khaîtaiṓmois aḯssontai;[…]
- […], tossing his head while his mane streams over hisshoulders, […]
c. 750BCE – 650BCE,
Hesiod,
The Shield of Heracles430:
- […]· γλαυκιόων δ᾽ ὄσσοις δεινὸν πλευράς τε καὶὤμους οὐρῇ μαστιόων ποσσὶν γλάφει, […]
- […]; glaukióōn d’ óssois deinòn pleurás te kaìṓmous ourēî mastióōn possìn gláphei,[…]
- […] his eyes glare fiercely, while he tears up the earth with his paws and lashes his flanks andshoulders with his tail […]
- (particularly)shoulder (sometimes in contrast to thearm)
- Synonyms:πρῠμνὸς ὦμος(prŭmnòs ômos),πρῠμνότᾰτος(prŭmnótătos)
c. 800BCE – 600BCE,
Homer,
Iliad15.341:
- Δηΐοχον δὲ Πάρις βάλε νείατονὦμον ὄπισθε φεύγοντ᾽ ἐν προμάχοισι, διὰ πρὸ δὲ χαλκὸν ἔλασσεν.
- Dēḯokhon dè Páris bále neíatonômon ópisthe pheúgont’ en promákhoisi, dià prò dè khalkòn élassen.
- Deiochus fled with the other leaders, but Paris struck him from behind at the base of theshoulder, and drove the bronze clean through.
c. 750BCE – 650BCE,
Hesiod,
Theogony150:
- τῶν ἑκατὸν μὲν χεῖρες ἀπ᾽ὤμων ἀίσσοντο, ἄπλαστοι, κεφαλαὶ δὲ ἑκάστῳ πεντήκοντα ἐξὤμων ἐπέφυκον ἐπὶ στιβαροῖσι μέλεσσιν· […]
- tôn hekatòn mèn kheîres ap’ṓmōn aíssonto, áplastoi, kephalaì dè hekástōi pentḗkonta exṓmōn epéphukon epì stibaroîsi mélessin;[…]
- From theirshoulders sprang a hundred arms, not to be approached, and fifty heads grew from theshoulders upon the strong limbs of each, […]
- shoulder of adress
300BCE – 200BCE, Septuagint,
Exodus28.12:
- καὶ θήσεις τοὺς δύο λίθους ἐπὶ τῶνὤμων τῆς ἐπωμίδος· […]
- kaì thḗseis toùs dúo líthous epì tônṓmōn tês epōmídos;[…]
- And you shall set the two stones on theshoulders of the shoulder-strap.
- (figurative) parts below thetop orhead of anything, especially of thefork of avine
- “ὦμος”, inLiddell & Scott (1940),A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ὦμος”, inLiddell & Scott (1889),An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ὦμος”, inAutenrieth, Georg (1891),A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ὦμος inBailly, Anatole (1935),Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001),A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- ὦμος inCunliffe, Richard J. (1924),A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published1963
- “ὦμος”, inSlater, William J. (1969),Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G5606 inStrong, James (1979),Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910),English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010),Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series;10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN
