FromProto-Indo-European*h₂enǵʰ-. Cognates includeOld Englishenge (whence the first element inEnglishhangnail),Latinangō,Sanskritअंहु(aṃhu), andOld Armenianանձուկ(anjuk,“narrow, tight”).

ἄγχω• (ánkhō)(Epic, Attic, Doric, Koine)

1. (transitive) tocompress, press tight, especially thethroat
2. (transitive) tostrangle,throttle,choke
3. (figurative, transitive) toputpressure on
   • 424BCE,Aristophanes,The Knights773–777:

     καὶ πῶς ἂν ἐμοῦ μᾶλλόν σε φιλῶν ὦ Δῆμε γένοιτο πολίτης;
     ὃς πρῶτα μὲν ἡνίκ’ ἐβούλευον σοὶ χρήματα πλεῖστ’ ἀπέδειξα
     ἐν τῷ κοινῷ, τοὺς μὲν στρεβλῶν τοὺς δ’ἄγχων τοὺς δὲ μεταιτῶν,
     οὐ φροντίζων τῶν ἰδιωτῶν οὐδενός, εἰ σοὶ χαριοίμην.

     kaì pôs àn emoû mâllón se philôn ô Dême génoito polítēs?
     hòs prôta mèn hēník’ eboúleuon soì khrḗmata pleîst’ apédeixa
     en tōî koinōî, toùs mèn streblôn toùs d’ánkhōn toùs dè metaitôn,
     ou phrontízōn tôn idiōtôn oudenós, ei soì kharioímēn.

     • Translation by Eugene O'Neill, Jr.

       Is it possible, Demos, to love you more than I do? And firstly, as long as you have governed with my consent, have I not filled your treasury,putting pressure on some, torturing others or begging of them, indifferent to the opinion of private individuals, and solely anxious to please you?

   • 125CE – 200CE,Lucian,The Symposium32

• ἀγκτήρ(anktḗr)
• ἄγξις(ánxis)
• ἀγχόνη(ankhónē)
• ἀγχώδης(ankhṓdēs)

• “ἄγχω”, inLiddell & Scott (1940),A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἄγχω”, inLiddell & Scott (1889),An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἄγχω”, inAutenrieth, Georg (1891),A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἄγχω inBailly, Anatole (1935),Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἄγχω inCunliffe, Richard J. (1924),A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published1963
• ἄγχω in theDiccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
• “ἄγχω”, inSlater, William J. (1969),Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• ἄγχω, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese),University of Chicago, since 2011
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010),Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series;10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN, page18

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