ᚴ and ᚳ are younger graphic variants ofk, but do not indicate any change in pronunciation.

• ᛖᚲᚨ(eka),ᛖᚴᛡ(ekᴀ)
• -ᚲᚨ(-ka),-ᚳᚨ(-ka),-ᚴᛡ(-kᴀ) —enclitic

FromProto-Germanic*ek, fromProto-Indo-European*eǵh₂óm.

Among the earliest attestations of the pronoun is the inscription on the 2nd-4th centuryLindholm amulet, which also contains a postpositive, perhaps clitic, form of the pronoun inᚺᚨᛏᛖᚳᚨ(hateka/⁠haitē’ka⁠/,“I am called”). For the forms with final-a, seeᛖᚲᚨ(eka).

ᛖᚲ (ek)

1. I
   • c. 250–450, inscription on theTune stone:

     ᛖᚲᚹᛁᚹᚨᛉᚨᚠᛏᛖᚱᚹᛟᛞᚢᚱᛁᛞᛖ /[…]

     ekwiwaʀafterwoduride /[…]

     I, Wiwaz, after Woduridaz / […]

   • c. 425, inscription on theGolden Horns of Gallehus:

     ᛖᚲᚺᛚᛖᚹᚨᚷᚨᛊᛏᛁᛉ᛬ᚺᛟᛚᛏᛁᛃᚨᛉ᛬ᚺᛟᚱᚾᚨ᛬ᛏᚨᚹᛁᛞᛟ᛬

     ekhlewagastiʀ:holtijaʀ:horna:tawido:

     I, Hlewagastiz Holtijaz, made the horn

   • c. 250-450, inscription on theHogganvik runestone:

     ᛖᚲᚾᚨᚢᛞᛁᚷᚨᛋᛏᛁᛉ /[…]

     eknaudigastiʀ /[…]

     I, Naudigastiz, / […] ^[1]

• ᛗᛖᛉ(meʀ) (dative)

• Old Norse:ek,iak —Old East Norse,-k —enclitic
  • Icelandic:eg,ég
  • Faroese:eg,jeg
  • Norn:eg
  • Norwegian:ej,é,eig,í,æg,æj,æ,je,jæj(dialectal)
    • Norwegian Nynorsk:eg
  • Jamtish:jeg
  • Dalian:ik,ig
    • Elfdalian:ig
  • Old Swedish:iak,iæk,iag,iagh,iach(late),ᛁᛆᚴ,ᛁᛅᚴ(Runic)
    • Swedish:jag
  • Old Danish:iak,iæk,iægh,æk,ak
    • Danish:jeg,a,æ,ja,jæ(dialectal)
      • Norwegian Bokmål:jeg
    • Scanian:jağ
    • Jutish:æ
  • Old Gutnish:iek

• Proto-Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
• Proto-Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
• Proto-Norse terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
• Proto-Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
• Proto-Norse lemmas
• Proto-Norse pronouns
• Proto-Norse terms with quotations

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