Movatterモバイル変換


[0]ホーム

URL:


Jump to content
WiktionaryThe Free Dictionary
Search

ي

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:ى[U+0649 ARABIC LETTER ALEF MAKSURA],ی[U+06CC ARABIC LETTER FARSI YEH],ې[U+06D0 ARABIC LETTER E],ۍ[U+06CD ARABIC LETTER YEH WITH TAIL],ئ[U+0626 ARABIC LETTER YEH WITH HAMZA ABOVE],ے[U+06D2 ARABIC LETTER YEH BARREE],andۓ[U+06D3 ARABIC LETTER YEH BARREE WITH HAMZA ABOVE]

يU+064A,ي
ARABIC LETTER YEH
ى
[U+0649]
Arabic◌ً
[U+064B]
U+FEF1,ﻱ
ARABIC LETTER YEH ISOLATED FORM

[U+FEF0]
Arabic Presentation Forms-B
[U+FEF2]
U+FEF2,ﻲ
ARABIC LETTER YEH FINAL FORM

[U+FEF1]
Arabic Presentation Forms-B
[U+FEF3]
U+FEF3,ﻳ
ARABIC LETTER YEH INITIAL FORM

[U+FEF2]
Arabic Presentation Forms-B
[U+FEF4]
U+FEF4,ﻴ
ARABIC LETTER YEH MEDIAL FORM

[U+FEF3]
Arabic Presentation Forms-B
[U+FEF5]

Acehnese

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Letter

[edit]

ي (ya)

  1. The thirty-fourthletter of the Acehnesealphabet, written in theArabic script.

Forms

[edit]
Isolated formFinal formMedial formInitial form
يـيـيـيـ

See also

[edit]

Arabic

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

From the Nabataean letter𐢍(l,yodh), derived from thePhoenician letter𐤉(l,yodh), from theEgyptian hieroglyph𓂝. See also Classical Syriacܝ(l,yodh), Hebrewי(l,yodh), Ancient GreekΙ(I), LatinI and LatinJ.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • (letter name):IPA(key): /jaːʔ/
  • (phoneme):IPA(key): /j/,/iː/(in Literary Arabic)
  • (phoneme):IPA(key): /j/,/i(ː)/,/e(ː)/(in Arabic dialects and loanwords)

Letter

[edit]

ي/ ي‍ـ‍/ ‍ـي‍ـ/ ـي (yāʔ)

  1. The twenty-eighth and final letter of theArabic alphabet. It is preceded byو(w).
Usage notes
[edit]
  • Afterkasra it is pronounced as a longī/iː/ ory/j/ afterfatḥa,ḍamma and before other vowels.
  • In the final positionalif maqṣūra ألف مقصورَة "restricted alif" is always written without dots (ـى).alif maqṣūra always follows a fatḥa and is transliterated asā; seeى for its pronunciation. It is also calledalif layyina (ألف لينَة) "flexible alif"
  • The traditional usage remains in Egypt and Sudan, for which the finalyāʾ is written without dots and is visually identical toalif maqṣūra.
Descendants
[edit]
  • Persian:ی

Symbol

[edit]

ي/ ي‍ـ‍/ ‍ـي‍ـ/ ـي (yāʔ)

  1. The tenth letter in traditionalabjad order, which is used in place of numerals for list numbering (abjad numerals). It is preceded byط() and followed byك(k).

Etymology 2

[edit]

CompareBiblical Hebrew־ִי(-i).

Suffix

[edit]

ـِيorـِيَorـيَ (or-iyaor-ya)

  1. bound object pronoun:me,my
    لِـ(li-,to) + ‎ـِي() → ‎لِي(,to me)
    • 609–632CE,Qur'an,7:105:
      قَدْ جِئْتُكُم بِبَيِّنَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ فَأَرْسِلْمَعِيَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ
      qad jiʔtukum bibayyinatin min rabbikum faʔarsilmaʕiya banī ʔisrāʔīla
      (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)
Usage notes
[edit]

أَنَا(ʔanā) has four enclitic forms which are employed in different contexts and are generally not interchangeable. The enclitic formsـنِي(-nī) andـنِيَ(-niya) are attached to prepositions ending inنْ(n) with no final vowel (e.g.,مِنْ(min) andعَنْ(ʕan)) and to verbs. They may also be added to the class of particles traditionally called "the sisters ofإِنَّ(ʔinna)" (exceptلَعَلَّ(laʕalla)).

The formsـِي() andـيَ(-ya) are used elsewhere mostly interchangeably, though restrictions in metrical poetry often determine which variant is used. All short case endings before the suffix are elided (that is, those of the singular, the broken plural, and the so-called sound feminine plural), as inقَوْلِي(qawlī,my speech (nominative, accusative, or genitive)),أَصَابِعِي(ʔaṣābiʕī,my fingers (nominative, accusative, or genitive)), andمُعَلِّمَاتِي(muʕallimātī,my female teachers (nominative, accusative, or genitive)).

In cases whereـِي() would be preceded by a long vowel, as when suffixing sound masculine plural nouns or nouns ending in or-an, onlyـيَ(-ya) is used and this-n (if present in the first place) is removed, as inأَمْرِيكَايَ(ʔamrīkāya,my America (nominative, accusative, or genitive)),عَصَايَ(ʕaṣāya,my stick (nominative, accusative, or genitive)),فَتَايَ(fatāya,my boy (nominative, accusative, or genitive)).

If the word ends in a long close vowel (that is, or), the long close vowel assimilates to /i/ and the suffix is geminated, thus producingـِيَّ(-iyya), as inمُعَلِّمِيَّ(muʕallimiyya,my teachers (nominative, accusative, or genitive)) (fromمُعَلِّمُو(muʕallimū,(the) teachers of (nominative)) orمُعَلِّمِي(muʕallimī,teachers of (accusative or genitive))) andقَاضِيَّ(qāḍiyya,my judge (nominative, accusative, or genitive); my judges (nominative, accusative, or genitive)) (fromقَاضِي(qāḍī,(the) judge of (nominative)) or fromقَاضُو(qāḍū,(the) judges of (nominative)) orقَاضِي(qāḍī,(the) judges of (accusative or genitive))).

As for when it's attached to a deficient sound masculine plural nouns (that is, ending in the diphthong-aw or-aj), it's largely the same, but the long close vowel assimilates to /a/ instead, thus producingـَيَّ(-ayya) as inمُصْطَفَيَّ(muṣṭafayya,my chosen (ones) (nominative, accusative, or genitive)) (fromمُصْطَفَوْ(muṣṭafaw,(the) chosen (ones) of (nominative)) orمُصْطَفَيْ(muṣṭafay,(the) chosen (ones) of (accusative or genitive))).

Therefore, when suffixed, such nouns, like nouns with short endings, are described as indeclinable in traditional Arabic grammar. However, the last long vowel is retained if it is open (that is,), as inإِصْبَعَايَ(ʔiṣbaʕāya,my two fingers (nominative)) (fromإِصْبَعَا(ʔiṣbaʕā,(the) two fingers of (nominative)). If the word ends in the diphthong-aj,ـيَ(-ya) is used, /j/ is elided, and the suffix is geminated, as inإِصْبَعَيَّ(ʔiṣbaʕayya,my two fingers (accusative or genitive)) (fromإِصْبَعَيْ(ʔiṣbaʕay,(the) two fingers of (accusative or genitive)). Thus, suffixed dual nouns are distinguishable in case, unlike all the other forms.

Derived terms
[edit]
Related terms
[edit]
Arabic personal pronouns
Isolated nominative1 pronouns
singulardualplural
1st personأَنَا(ʔanā)نَحْنُ(naḥnu)
2nd personmأَنْتَ(ʔanta)أَنْتُمَا(ʔantumā)أَنْتُمْ(ʔantum)
fأَنْتِ(ʔanti)أَنْتُنَّ(ʔantunna)
3rd personmهُوَ(huwa)هُمَا(humā)هُمْ(hum),هُمُ(humu)2
fهِيَ(hiya)هُنَّ(hunna)
Isolated accusative pronouns
singulardualplural
1st personإِيَّايَ(ʔiyyāya)إِيَّانَا(ʔiyyānā)
2nd personmإِيَّاكَ(ʔiyyāka)إِيَّاكُمَا(ʔiyyākumā)إِيَّاكُم(ʔiyyākum)
fإِيَّاكِ(ʔiyyāki)إِيَّاكُنَّ(ʔiyyākunna)
3rd personmإِيَّاهُ(ʔiyyāhu)إِيَّاهُمَا(ʔiyyāhumā)إِيَّاهُمْ(ʔiyyāhum)
fإِيَّاهَا(ʔiyyāhā)إِيَّاهُنَّ(ʔiyyāhunna)
Enclitic accusative and genitive pronouns
singulardualplural
1st personـنِي(-nī),ـنِيَ(-niya),ـي(-y),ـيَ(-ya)3ـنَا(-nā)
2nd personmـكَ(-ka)ـكُمَا(-kumā)ـكُم(-kum)
fـكِ(-ki)ـكُنَّ(-kunna)
3rd personmـهُ(-hu),ـهِ(-hi)4ـهُمَا(-humā),ـهِمَا(-himā)3ـهُم(-hum),ـهِم(-him)4
fـهَا(-hā)ـهُنَّ(-hunna),ـهِنَّ(-hinna)3

1. Also used to emphasize attached pronouns andas a copula.
2.هُمْ(hum) becomesهُمُ(humu) before the definite articleالـ(al--).
3. Specifically,ـنِي(-nī,me) is attached to verbs, butـِي() orـيَ(-ya,my) is attached to nouns. In the latter case,ـيَ(-ya) is attached to nouns whose construct state ends in a long vowel or diphthong (e.g. in the sound masculine plural and the dual), whileـِي() is attached to nouns whose construct state ends in a short vowel, in which case that vowel is elided (e.g. in the sound feminine plural, as well as the singular and broken plural of most nouns). Furthermore, of the masculine sound plural is assimilated to beforeـيَ(-ya) (presumably,-aw of masculine defective-an plurals is similarly assimilated to-ay). Prepositions useـِي() orـيَ(-ya), even though in this case it has the meaning of “me” rather than “my”. The sisters of inna can use either form (e.g.إِنَّنِي(ʔinnanī) orإِنِّي(ʔinnī)).
4.ـهِـ(-hi-) occurs after-i,, or-ay, andـهُـ(-hu-) elsewhere (after-a,,-u,,-aw).

Etymology 3

[edit]
  • CompareAkkadian andBiblical Hebrew־ִי(-i).

    Suffix

    [edit]
    ArabicWikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipediaar

    ـِيّ (-iyy)

    1. Thenisba suffix, an extremely productive suffix used to derive adjectives (with the meaning “related to ...”) or nouns (with the meaning “person related to ...”) from other nouns: for instance,فَنِّيّ(fanniyy,artistic,artist) derived fromفَنّ(fann,art),عِرَاقِيّ(ʕirāqiyy,Iraqi, anIraqi) derived fromعِرَاق(ʕirāq,Iraq).
    Derived terms
    [edit]

    Etymology 4

    [edit]

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Particle

    [edit]

    يَٰـ (yā-)

    1. (Classical Arabic)alternative spelling ofيَا()(vocative particle)
    Usage notes
    [edit]

    Seeيا#Usage notes for details.

    See also

    [edit]

    Hijazi Arabic

    [edit]

    Pronunciation

    [edit]
    • (letter name):IPA(key): /jaːʔ/
    • (phonemes):IPA(key): /j/,/iː/,/eː/,/i/ (word-final)

    Letter

    [edit]

    ي (jāʔ)

    1. The twenty-eighth letter of theArabic alphabet. It is preceded byو(wāw).

    Forms

    [edit]
    Isolated formFinal formMedial formInitial form
    يـيـيـيـ

    See also

    [edit]

    Kazakh

    [edit]
    Alternative scripts
    Arabicي
    CyrillicИ,и/Й,й
    LatinI,i/İ,i

    Pronunciation

    [edit]
    • (letter name):IPA(key): /ja ˌʲeki noˈqat/
    • (phoneme):IPA(key): /əj/(back)
    • (phoneme):IPA(key): /ij/,/ɘj/(front)
    • (phoneme):IPA(key): /j/(consonantal)

    Letter

    [edit]

    ي (ï, y)

    1. The twenty-ninth letter ofKazakh written in the Arabic script. It represents theCyrillic lettersИ,Й, and sometimesий orый.

    Forms

    [edit]
    Isolated formFinal formMedial formInitial form
    يـيـيـيـ

    Usage notes

    [edit]
    • Represents the back vowel dipthong /əj/, unless a smallء (hamza) was placed in the beginning of the word. In Kazakh the Hamza marks that all vowels in the following word are fronted.
    • The letter ي cannot act as a vowel in the beginning of a word or when it is written proceeding another vowel. When ي is unable to make a vowel sound, it becomes the consonant sound /j/.

    See also

    [edit]
    • Previous letter:ى

    Malay

    [edit]
    MalayWikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipediams

    Pronunciation

    [edit]
    • (Name of letter)IPA(key): [jɐ]
    • (Phoneme, Consonant)IPA(key): [j]
    • (Phoneme, Vowel)IPA(key): [i],[e],[ɛ]
    • (Phoneme, Vowel, Closed ultima, Johor-Selangor)IPA(key): [e],[ɛ]

    Letter

    [edit]

    ي/ ي‍ـ/ ‍ـي‍ـ/ ـي

    1. The thirty-fourthletter of the Malayalphabet, written in theArabic script.

    See also

    [edit]

    Old Ruthenian

    [edit]

    Letter

    [edit]

    ي (j)[1]

    1. (Middle Belarusian Arabica)Theletter of the Old Ruthenianalphabet, written in theArabic script.

    Forms

    [edit]
    Isolated formFinal formMedial formInitial form
    يـيـيـيـ

    See also

    [edit]

    References

    [edit]
    1. ^Antonovich (1968),page 192: “ي

    Pashto

    [edit]

    Pronunciation

    [edit]
    • (letter name):IPA(key): /ˈklaka je/
    • (phoneme):IPA(key): /j/,/i/

    Letter

    [edit]

    ي (klaka ye)

    1. The forty-first letter of thePashto alphabet. At the end of a verb, it indicates the verb is in third person plural present form. At the end of nouns and adjectives it indicates that the word is masculine in the singular oblique case or plural direct case. It also used in the non-declining adjective class.

    Forms

    [edit]
    Isolated formFinal formMedial formInitial form
    يـيـيـيـ

    See also

    [edit]
    • Previous letter:ۀ
    • Next letter:ې

    South Levantine Arabic

    [edit]

    Etymology 1

    [edit]

    FromArabicـِي().

    Suffix

    [edit]

    ـي (-i after consonant, -y after vowelm orf

    1. Enclitic form ofأنا(ʔana)
    2. I,me,my
    Usage notes
    [edit]
    • This form is only used attached to nouns, prepositions and conjunctions. After verbs, the formـني(-nee) is used instead.
    See also
    [edit]
    South Levantine Arabic enclitic pronouns
    SingularPlural
    after consonantafter vowel
    1st personafter verbـني(-ni)ـنا(-na)
    elseـِي(-i)ـي(-y)
    2nd personmـَك(-ak)ـك(-k)ـكُم(-kom) /ـكو(-ku)
    fـِك(-ek)ـكي(-ki)
    3rd personmـُه(-o)ـه(-h)ـهُم(-hom)
    fـها(-ha)

    Etymology 2

    [edit]

    FromArabicـِي().

    Suffix

    [edit]

    ـي (-im (feminineـيّة(-iyye),pluralـيّين(-iyyīn))

    1. Nisba suffix turning nouns into adjectives or nouns for people related to

    Uyghur

    [edit]

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Letter

    [edit]

    ي (ye)

    1. The thirty-second and final letter of the Uyghur alphabet.

    Forms

    [edit]
    Isolated formFinal formMedial formInitial form
    يـيـيـيـ

    See also

    [edit]
    • Previous letter:ئى(i)

    Yoruba

    [edit]

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Letter

    [edit]

    ي (y)

    1. The twenty-fifthletter of theYoruba alphabet in theajami script, equivalent to Latin scripty.

    Forms

    [edit]
    Isolated formFinal formMedial formInitial form
    يـيـيـيـ

    See also

    [edit]
    • Previous letter:و
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=ي&oldid=87395809"
    Categories:
    Hidden categories:

    [8]ページ先頭

    ©2009-2025 Movatter.jp