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أيها

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Arabic

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Etymology

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أَيُّ(ʔayyu) +‎هَا()

Particle

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أَيُّهَا (ʔayyuhā) (feminineأَيَّتُهَا(ʔayyatuhā))

  1. vocative particle preceding a noun used in direct address; only rarely omitted in such contexts; occasionally translated asO orhey
    • 609–632CE,Qur'an,8:45:
      يَاأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا لَقِيتُمْ فِئَةً فَاثْبُتُوا وَاذْكُرُوا ٱللّٰهَ كَثِيرًا لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ
      ʔayyuhā llaḏīna ʔāmanū ʔiḏā laqītum fiʔatan fa-ṯbutū wa-ḏkurū llāha kaṯīran laʕallakum tufliḥūna
      O you who have attained to faith, when you meet a host in battle, be firm, and remember God often; so that you might attain to a happy state!
    • 609–632CE,Qur'an,12:70:
      فَلَمَّا جَهَّزَهُم بِجَهَازِهِمْ جَعَلَ ٱلسِّقَايَةَ فِي رَحْلِ أَخِيهِ ثُمَّ أَذَّنَ مُؤَذِّنٌأَيَّتُهَا ٱلْعِيرُ إِنَّكُمْ لَسَارِقُونَ
      fa-lammā jahhazahum bijahāzihim jaʕala s-siqāyata fī raḥli ʔaḵīhi ṯumma ʔaḏḏana muʔaḏḏinunʔayyatuhā l-ʕīru ʔinnakum la-sāriqūna
      And when he had provided them with their provisions, he placed the drinking-cup in his brother's camel-pack. And a herald called out: "O you people of the caravan! Verily, you are thieves!

Usage notes

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  • The subsequent noun stands in the nominative of thedeterminate state and must have the articleال(al-) attached to it.
  • أَيُّهَا(ʔayyuhā) is often used in conjunction with a precedingيَا() (this usage is the norm in theQuran, see first usage example above).
  • أَيُّهَا(ʔayyuhā) is far less common thanيَا() and reserved for elevated registers. Whereasيَا() is often left untranslated in English,أَيُّهَا(ʔayyuhā) is used in similar situations to EnglishO.
  • Unlikeيَا(),أَيُّهَا(ʔayyuhā) inflects for gender. When addressing a female, a group of females, or else anything that is referred to by a grammatically feminine word (see second usage example above), the formأَيَّتُهَا(ʔayyatuhā) is used.
  1. يَا أَيُّهَا ٱلرَّجُلُ / ٱلرَّجُلَانِ / ٱلرِّجَالُ
    yā ʔayyuhā r-rajulu / r-rajulāni / r-rijālu
    Oh you man / two men / men!
    يَا أَيَّتُهَا ٱلْمَرْأَةُ / ٱلْمَرْأَتَانِ / ٱلنِّسَاءُ
    yā ʔayyatuhā l-marʔatu / l-marʔatāni / n-nisāʔu
    Oh you woman / two women / women!

See also

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Pronoun

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أَيِّهَا (ʔayyihāf

  1. which one of them.

References

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Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=أيها&oldid=87624897"
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