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אדום

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Hebrew

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Etymology 1

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Root
א־ד־ם(ʾ-d-m)
9 terms

CompareAkkadian𒌑𒁺𒈠𒀀𒀀,Classical Syriacܐܕܘܡ,Arabicادوم,Edomite𐤀𐤃𐤌(ʾdm).

Pronunciation

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(Biblical Hebrew)IPA^(key): /ʔaːˈdoːm/
(Tiberian Hebrew)IPA^(key): /ʔɔːˈðoːm/,[ʔɔˑˈðoː.om]
(Yemenite Hebrew)IPA^(key): /ʔɔˈðøm/,[ʔɔːˈðøːm]
(Persian Hebrew)IPA^(key): /ʔɒˈdom/
(Iraqi Hebrew)IPA^(key): /ʔaˈdom/
(Sephardi Hebrew)IPA^(key): /(ʔ)aˈdom/
(Ashkenazi Hebrew)IPA^(key): /(ʔ)ɔˈdojm/
(Modern Israeli Hebrew)IPA^(key): /(ʔ)aˈdom/
Audio: (file)

Adjective

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אדום /אָדֹם• (adóm) (feminineאדומה / אֲדֻמָּה,masculine pluralאדומים / אֲדֻמִּים,feminine pluralאדומות / אֲדֻמּוֹת)[pattern:קָטֹל]

Derived terms

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אֲדַמְדַּם(adamdám)
הַצְּלָב הָאָדוֹם(hatzláv ha'adóm)
יין אדום / יַיִן אָדֹם(yáyin adóm)
מגן דוד אדום / מָגֵן דָּוִד אָדֹם(magén davíd adóm)
פרה אדומה / פָּרָה אֲדֻמָּה(pará adumá)
שטיח אדום / שָׁטִיחַ אָדֹם(shatíakh adóm)
תת אדום / תּת־אָדֹם(tat adóm)

Colors in Hebrew ·צְבָעִים(ts'va'ím)(layout ·text)
לָבָן(laván)	אפור /אָפֹר(afór)	שחור /שָׁחֹר(shakhór)
אדום /אָדֹם(adóm);אַרְגָּמָן(argamán)	כתום /כָּתֹם(katóm);חוּם(khúm)	צהוב /צָהֹב(tsahóv);קְרֶם(krém)
לַיְם /ליים(láym)	ירוק /יָרֹק(yarók)
צִיאָן(tsi'án)	תְּכֵלֶת(t'khélet)	כחול /כָּחֹל(kakhól)
סגול /סָגֹל(sagól);אִינְדִּיגוֹ(índigo)	מָגֶ׳נְטָה(majénta);סגול /סָגֹל(sagól)	ורוד /וָרֹד(varód)

Noun

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אדום /אָדֹם• (adóm) m

Etymology 2

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Fromאָדֹם(“red”), seeGenesis 25:30. Attested to in Ancient Egyptian asEgyptianjdwmꜥ

The medieval use of "Edom" to refer to Christians referred to the Jewish view of Christianity as a heresy that originated from Judaism, comparing Christians to Esau as a relative who was hostile to Jacob (who represented the Jewish people). It originated from Jewish writings that compared the Roman authorities to Edom for their persecution of Jewish people, which was later applied to Christianity when the latter became the state religion of the Roman Empire.^[1]

Pronunciation

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(Tiberian Hebrew)IPA^(key): /ʔɛ̆ˈðoːm/,[ʔɛˈðoː.om]
(Yemenite Hebrew)IPA^(key): /ʔəˈðøm/,[ʔæˈðøːm]
(Persian Hebrew)IPA^(key): /ʔeˈdom/
(Iraqi Hebrew)IPA^(key): /ʔeˈdom/
(Sephardi Hebrew)IPA^(key): /(ʔ)eˈdom/
(Ashkenazi Hebrew)IPA^(key): /(ʔ)ɛˈdojm/
(Modern Israeli Hebrew)IPA^(key): /(ʔ)eˈdom/

Proper noun

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אֱדוֹם• (edóm)

Edom (name given toEsau)
Edom (region)
Edom (thenation of theEdomites)
(Medieval Hebrew)Christendom, theChristians
- 1140, Yehuda HaLevi, “1:6”, in Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon, transl.,Sefer Kuzari:
  אַחַר כָּךְ אָמַר הַכּוּזָרִי בְלִבּוֹ, אֶשְׁאַלאֱדוֹם וְיִשְׁמָעִאל, כִּי אֶחָד מִשְּׁנֵי הַמַּעֲשִׂים הוּא הַנִּרְצֶה מֵאֵין סָפֵק.
  After this the Khazar said to himself, I will ask theChristians and the Muslims, for one of these two is undoubtedly God's will.
  (literally, “After this the Khazar said in his heart, I will askEdom and Ishmael, for one of these two actions is that which is wanted, without a doubt.”)