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лях

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:ля̄х

Russian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [lʲax]

Etymology 1

Inherited fromOld East Slavicлѧхъ(lęxŭ), fromProto-Slavic*lęxъ, from*lęděninъ.

Noun

лях• (ljax) m anim (genitiveля́ха,nominative pluralля́хи,genitive pluralля́хов,female equivalentля́шка)

(historical, now sometimes slightly derogatory or ironic, ethnic slur)Pole,Polish man,Polack
Synonym:(regular term)поля́к(polják)
- (Can wedate this quote?), “Preobrazhensky Regiment March”, anonymous lyricist, anonymous composer:
  Славны были наши деды,
  Помнят их и швед,илях!
  Slavny byli naši dedy,
  Pomnjat ix i šved, iljax!
  Our forefathers are glorious:
  The Swedes andPoles remember them!

Declension

Declension ofлях (anim masc-form velar-stem accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	ля́х ljáx	ля́хи ljáxi
genitive	ля́ха ljáxa	ля́хов ljáxov
dative	ля́ху ljáxu	ля́хам ljáxam
accusative	ля́ха ljáxa	ля́хов ljáxov
instrumental	ля́хом ljáxom	ля́хами ljáxami
prepositional	ля́хе ljáxe	ля́хах ljáxax

Descendants

→ Armeno-Kipchak:լեհ(leh),լեխ(lex,“Pole”),Լեհ(Leh,“Poland”)
→ Karaim:leh /лех(“Pole”)
→ Crimean Tatar:Leh /Лех(“Poland”)

Further reading

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “лях”, inOleg Trubachyov, transl.,Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Noun

ля́х• (ljáx) f inan

genitive plural ofля́ха(ljáxa)

Ukrainian

UkrainianWikipedia has an article on:

ляхи

Etymology

Inherited fromOld Ruthenianлѧхъ(ljax), fromOld East Slavicлѧхъ(lęxŭ), fromProto-Slavic*lęxъ, from*lęděninъ.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [lʲax]
Audio: (file)

Noun

лях• (ljax) m pers (genitiveля́ха,nominative pluralля́хи,genitive pluralля́хів,female equivalentля́шка,diminutiveляшо́к)

(historical, now sometimes slightly derogatory or ironic)Pole,Polish man,Polack
Synonym:(regular term)поля́к(polják)

Declension

Declension ofлях
(pers velar masc-form accent-a)
	singular	plural
nominative	лях ljax	ля́хи ljáxy
genitive	ля́ха ljáxa	ля́хів ljáxiv
dative	ля́хові,ля́ху ljáxovi,ljáxu	ля́хам ljáxam
accusative	ля́ха ljáxa	ля́хів ljáxiv
instrumental	ля́хом ljáxom	ля́хами ljáxamy
locative	ля́хові,ля́ху ljáxovi,ljáxu	ля́хах ljáxax
vocative	ля́ше ljáše	ля́хи ljáxy

Further reading

Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “лях”, inСловник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv:Naukova Dumka
Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2025), “лях”, inСловник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–15(а – п'ять), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund,→ISBN

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