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до

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:до-andAppendix:Variations of "do"

Bulgarian

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Etymology

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FromProto-Slavic*do, fromProto-Indo-European*de.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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до (do)

  1. near,close to
    единдо другedindo drugsideby side
  2. up to,as far as
    до кръстаdo krǎstadown to the waist
  3. until,till
    до последната минутаdo poslednata minutatill the last minute

Anagrams

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Dungan

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Etymology

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Cognate ofMandarin Chinese (dāo)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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до (do) (I)

  1. knife

Even

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Etymology

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FromProto-Tungusic*dō, compareManchuᡩᠣ(do).

Noun

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до (do)

  1. theinside

Macedonian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Inherited fromProto-Slavic*do.

Preposition

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до (do)

  1. next to,beside
    Ќе седнам до тебе.
    Ḱe sednam do tebe.
    I'm going to sit down next to you.
  2. to,up to
    Ќе одиме до езерото.
    Ḱe odime do ezeroto.
    We'll go up to the lake.
  3. until
    Нема да се видиме до крајот на годинава.
    Nema da se vidime do krajot na godinava.
    We won't see each other until the end of this year.

Etymology 2

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Borrowed fromItaliando, from the name of musicologistGiovanni BattistaDoni.

Noun

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до (do)

  1. (music)do
  2. C(musical note)

Nanai

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Etymology

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FromProto-Tungusic*dō, compareManchuᡩᠣ(do).

Noun

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до (do)

  1. theinside; thesoul
  2. bosom;bowels of the earth

Old Church Slavonic

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Etymology

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FromProto-Slavic*do.

Preposition

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до (do)

  1. up to
  2. until

Old East Slavic

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Etymology

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FromProto-Slavic*do. Cognates includeOld Church Slavonicдо(do) andOld Polishdo.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key):/dɔ//dɔ//dɔ/

  • Hyphenation:до

Preposition

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до (do) (+ genitive)

  1. up to
    • 1076,Sviatoslav's izbornik[1], page 2:
      ѥгда чьтеши книгꙑ· не тъштисѧ бърꙁо иштистидо дроугыꙗ главиꙁнꙑ·
      jegda čĭteši knigy· ne tŭštisę bŭrzo ištistido drugyja glavizny·
      when you read books, don't strive to quickly read onto the following chapter.
  2. until

Descendants

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  • Old Ruthenian:до(do)
    • Belarusian:да(da)
    • Carpathian Rusyn:до(do)
    • Ukrainian:до(do)
  • Russian:до(do)

References

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  • Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893) “до”, inМатеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎[2] (in Russian), volume 1(А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences,column670

Pannonian Rusyn

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Etymology

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Inherited fromOld Slovakdo, fromProto-Slavic*do.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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до (do) [withgenitive]

  1. expresses a spatial relationship
    1. in,into(denotes motion towards the interior of something)
      положицдо кишенкуpoložicdo kišenkuto putin the pocket
      насипац водудо фляшиnasipac vodudo fljašito pour waterinto the bottle
    2. to,toward(indicates the place of direction of an action)
      Near-synonyms:ґу(gu),на(na)
      пошолдо дутянуpošoldo dutjanuhe wentto the store
      преселєли шедо валалуpreseljeli šedo valaluthey movedto a village
      Идзе рано даєден автобусдо Нового Саду?
      Idze rano dajeden avtobusdo Novoho Sadu?
      Is there any bus goingto Novi Sad in the morning?
    3. to(indicates the sphere of direction of action)
      идзедо братаidzedo bratahe wentto his brother's place
      пошладо фризеркиpošlado frizerkishe wentto the hairdresser's
    4. until,up to,to(denotes a spatial boundary)
      до варошу єст дзешец километриdo varošu jest dzešec kilometrithere is ten kilometresto the city
      вода мудо пасаvoda mudo pasathe water isup to his waist
    5. against,over,on(indicates an object with which something collides or on which something rests or leans)
      вдериц з главудо мураvderic z hlavudo murato bang the headagainst the wall
      шпотали шедо каменьохšpotali šedo kamenʹoxthey trippedover stones
      упрец шедо каменяuprec šedo kamenjato leanagainst a rock
      диждж билдо облакохdiždž bildo oblakoxthe rain was beatingagainst the windows
    6. to,in(denotes belonging or inclusion in some group)
      заяц спададо глодарохzajac spadado hlodaroxthe rabbit belongsto the gnawers
  2. expresses a temporal relationship
    1. until,up to(denotes a temporal boundary)
      робели змедо ноциrobeli zmedo nociwe workeduntil dark
      до концаdo koncauntil the end
    2. for(denotes the length of the duration of the action)
      робелидо тижняrobelido tižnjathey workedfor a week
      до рока нїч нє знали о нїмdo roka njič nje znali o njimthey didn't know anything about himfor a year
    3. per,every(denotes the number of repeated actions in a specified time)
      два раздо рока ходзи на контролуdva razdo roka xodzi na kontrolutwiceper year he goes for checks
      три раздо тижня маю тренинґtri razdo tižnja maju treningthey have training three times a week
  3. with,in,using,on(indicates medium, agent)
    Near-synonym:на(na)
    закруцицдо новинохzakrucicdo novinoxto wrapin newspaper
    утар чолодо рукаваutar čolodo rukavahe wiped his foreheadwith his sleeve
  4. for
    Synonym:за(za)
    1. indicates purpose
      то нам требадо обисцаto nam trebado obiscawe need thisfor the household
      купела паприґидо дунцаkupela paprigido duncashe bought peppersfor winter preserves
    2. for(indicates ability, usefulness for something)
      способнидо роботиsposobnido robotifitfor work
      хорйовити є, нєбарз єдо поляxorjoviti je, njebarz jedo poljahe is sickly, he's not very suitablefor working in the field
  5. on,at(indicates object of an action; not necessarily translated)
    Near-synonym:на(na)
    потрафицдо облакаpotraficdo oblakato hit the window
    залюбени єдо наукуzaljubeni jedo naukuhe is in lovewith science

Related terms

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adverbs
prefixes

References

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Anagrams

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Russian

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Etymology 1

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Inherited fromProto-Slavic*do, fromProto-Indo-European*de, whence Englishto.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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до (do)[withgenitive]

  1. before
  2. up to,till,until
  3. with respect to,concerning,regarding
Derived terms
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Related terms
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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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до (doinan (indeclinable)

  1. (musical note)C
    до́дие́зdó dijéz/diézC sharp
    до́ бемо́ль bemólʹC flat
See also
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Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology 1

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Inherited fromProto-Slavic*do, fromProto-Indo-European*de,*do.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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до̏ (Latin spelling)

  1. only,except
    ни(т)ко до јаnobody but me, only me
    не једе ништа до комад хљеба/хлебаhe eats nothing except a piece of bread
  2. around,approximately
    до два метраaround two meters
    до 5 килаaround five kilograms
  3. due to,because of
    то је до хранеthat's due to the food

Preposition

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до̏ (Latin spelling)(+genitive case)

  1. up to,to,until,as far as,by
    од Загреба до Београдаfrom Zagreb to Belgrade
    од јутра до мракаfrom morning to night
    од 5 до 10 сатиfrom 5 to 10 o'clock
    од врха до днаfrom top to bottom
    до р(иј)екеas far as the river
    сад је пет до седамnow it's five minutes to seven
    до понед(ј)ељкаby Monday
    до садаso far, thus far, till now
    до недавнаuntil recently
    до дана данашњегаto this very day
    све доas far as up to, all the way to
    до кудаhow far
    до тудаthus far, up to here
  2. before (=при̏је/пре̏)
    до ратаbefore the war
  3. beside,next (to)
    с(ј)еди до менеsit next to me
    један до другогаside by side
  4. idiomatic and figurative meanings
    није ми до тогаI don't feel like doing that
    није ми до см(иј)ехаI don't feel like laughing
    њему је само до сексаhe is only interested in sex
    није ми пуно стало до тогаI'm not very much interested in that
    није до менеit's not up to me, it's no me to lame

Etymology 2

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Inherited fromProto-Slavic*dolъ.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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до̑ m (Latin spelling)

  1. dale, smallvalley
Declension
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Declension ofдо
singularplural
nominativeдо̑до̀лови/до̑ли
genitiveдо̏ладолова/дола
dativeдолудоловима/долима
accusativeдодолове/доле
vocativeдоледолови/доли
locativeдолудоловима/долима
instrumentalдоломдоловима/долима
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Borrowed fromItaliando.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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до̑ m (Latin spelling)

  1. (music)do

References

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  • до”, inHrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian),2006–2025
  • до”, inHrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian),2006–2025
  • до”, inHrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian),2006–2025

Tsakhur

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Noun

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до (doclass4

  1. name

References

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  • Ibragimov, G. X., Nurmamedov, Ju. M. (2010) “до”, inЦахурско-русский словарь [Tsakhur–Russian Dictionary], Makhachkala:ДНЦ РАН, page154a

Ukrainian

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Etymology

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FromOld East Slavic[Term?], fromProto-Slavic*do, fromProto-Indo-European*de,*do.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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до (do) (+genitive case)

  1. to, toward
    Яйдудошколи.Ja jdu do školy.I goto school.
  2. to (in the fixed expression 'Welcome to...!')
    Ласкаво просимодо Італії!Laskavo prosymodo Italiji!Welcometo Italy!
    Ласкаво просимодо Аргентини!Laskavo prosymodo Arhentyny!Welcometo Argentina!
  3. until
  4. by(not later than)
    докінця́столі́ттяdo kincjá stolíttjaby the end of the century
  5. (music)D(musical note)

Derived terms

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See also

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musical solfège notes:музичніноти(muzyčni noty)edit

Further reading

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