Inherited fromProto-Slavic*vъ-.
в-• (v-)
- Forms verbs with the meaning of:
- movementinto,inward direction, oractioninside
вка́рвам- vkárvam
- to drive in, to insert
вна́сям- vnásjam
- to bring in, to import
- inclusion,insertion, oraddition of one thing into another
впли́там- vplítam
- to weave in, to plait in
- transition orchange into a specificstate(usually reflexive)
вбеся́вам се- vbesjávam se
- to become furious
вкаменя́вам се- vkamenjávam se
- to petrify, to turn to stone
- “в-”, inРечник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences,2014
- “в-”, inРечник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian),Chitanka,2010
- “в-”, inЛексИт [LexIt] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences,2014
- во-(vo-) —before certain consonant clusters
Inherited fromOld East Slavicвъ-(vŭ-), fromProto-Slavic*vъ(n)-, fromProto-Indo-European*h₁én. The/n/ persists inвнять(vnjatʹ). See alsoв(v),Old East Slavicвъ(vŭ),Proto-Slavic*vъ(n). Compare the similar development inс-(s-) fromProto-Slavic*sъ(n)-.
- IPA(key): [v](before vowels and voiced consonants)
- IPA(key): [f](before voiceless consonants)
в-• (v-)
- added to verbs, forms verbs with the approximate meaning 'in' or 'into'
- во-(vo-) + -йти́(-jtí,“to go”) → войти́(vojtí,“to go in, to enter”)
- added with-ся(-sja) to verbs, forms verbs with the approximate meaning of thoroughness or completeness of action
- в-(v-) + чита́ть(čitátʹ,“to read”) + -ся(-sja) → вчита́ться(včitátʹsja,“to read carefully, delving into the content to better understand”)
- added to adjectives, forms adverbs with the approximate meaning 'in the manner of [the adjective]'
- в-(v-) + ручно́й(ručnój,“(relational) hand; manual”) → вручну́ю(vručnúju,“manually (by hand)”)
- added to nouns, forms adverbs with the approximate meaning 'in the direction or location of [the noun]'
- в-(v-) + нутро́(nutró,“the inside”) → внутри́(vnutrí,“inside”)
- в-(v-) + низ(niz,“the bottom”) → вниз(vniz,“downwards”)
- added to numerals, forms adverbs based on the numeral
- в-(v-) + дво́е(dvóje,“two (in a group together)”) → вдво́е(vdvóje,“twice, by half”)
- в-(v-) + дво́е(dvóje,“two (in a group together)”) → вдвоём(vdvojóm,“as a two”)
- IPA(key): [ʋ]; before vowels
- IPA(key): [w]; before б, г, ґ, д, ж, з, л, м, н, р
- IPA(key): [ʍ]; before к, п, с, т, х, ц, ч, ш, щ
Inherited fromOld Ruthenianв-,въ-(v-, v-), fromOld East Slavicвъ-(vŭ-), fromProto-Slavic*vъ(n)-.
- вві-(vvi-)
- уві-(uvi-)
- у-(u-)(used after consonants or at the beginning of a clause)
в-• (v-)
- (added to verbs)into,in(indicates inward movement)
- в-(v-) + бі́гти impf(bíhty,“torun”) → вбі́гти pf(vbíhty,“torunin, toruninto”)
- в-(v-) + нести́ impf(nestý,“tocarry, tobring”) → внести́ pf(vnestý,“tocarryin, tobring in, tocontribute”)
- в-(v-) + ключ impf(ključ,“key”) + -ити(-yty) → включи́ти pf(vključýty,“toinclude, toturn on”)
- (added to verbs in combination with-ся(-sja))indicates thoroughness, profoundness
- в-(v-) + чита́ти(čytáty,“to read”) + -ся(-sja) → вчита́тися pf(včytátysja,“toreadcarefully,studycarefully”)
- в-(v-) + ду́мати(dúmaty,“to think”) + -ся(-sja) → вду́матися pf(vdúmatysja,“toconsider, tothink over, toponder over”)
- (used to form adverbs)-wise
- в-(v-) + шир(šyr,“width,breadth”) → вшир(všyr,“widthwise,breadthwise”)
- в-(v-) + довж(dovž,“length”) → вдовж(vdovž,“lengthwise”)
- (used to form adverbs)-ward,-wards
- в-(v-) + пере́д(peréd,“front”) → впере́д(vperéd,“forward,forwards”)
- в-(v-) + лі́во(lívo,“left”) → влі́во(vlívo,“left,leftward”)
- в-(v-) + середи́на(seredýna,“middle,center”) → всере́дині(vserédyni,“inside,inward”)
- в-(v-) + гора́(horá,“mountain”) → вго́ру(vhóru,“up,upward,upwards”)
- (used to form adverbs)time
- в-(v-) + пе́рший(péršyj,“first”) + -е(-e) → впе́рше(vpérše,“first time, for thefirst time”)
- в-(v-) + чотирна́дцятий(čotyrnádcjatyj,“fourteenth”) + -е(-e) → вчотирна́дцяте(včotyrnádcjate,“for thefourteenthtime”)
- в-(v-) + со́тий(sótyj,“hundredth”) + -е(-e) → всо́те(vsóte,“for thehundredthtime”)
- (used to form adverbs)-fold,by
- в-(v-) + дві́чі(dvíči,“twice”) → вдві́чі(vdvíči,“twofold, bytwo”)
- в-(v-) + дво́є(dvóje,“two of,two”) → вдво́є(vdvóje,“twofold, bytwo,in two”)
- в-(v-) + десятеро(desjatero,“ten of,ten”) → вде́сятеро(vdésjatero,“tenfold, byten”)
- в-(v-) + полови́на(polovýna,“half”) → вполови́ну(vpolovýnu,“by half”)
- (used to form adverbs)by,-ly(describes manner in which something is done)
- в-(v-) + плав(plav,“swimming,sailing”) → вплав(vplav,“byswimming, bysailing”)
- в-(v-) + роздроби́ти(rozdrobýty,“tofragment, tosplit up”) → вро́здріб(vrózdrib,“one by one,separately, byretail”)
- в-(v-) + лад(lad,“order,accord,harmony”) → влад(vlad,“appropriately,harmoniously, torhythmically,in accord”)
- в-(v-) + ручни́й(ručnýj,“manual,hand”) → вручну́(vručnú,“by hand,manually”)
Inherited fromOld Ruthenianу-,в-(u-, v-), fromOld East Slavicоу-,въ-(u-, vŭ-), fromProto-Slavic*u-.
в-• (v-)
- alternative form ofу-(u-)(used after consonants or at the beginning of a clause)
